Sampling Protocol for Water , Wastewater & Soil
Ground Water / Surface Water
One liter ground water / surface water sample to be collected from the sampling location in good quality
( acid & alkali Proof ), plastic bottles having screw . The sample should be duly coded, labeled and ice
preserved immediately and transported in Ice box in ice preserved condition. Temperature , DO, Residual
Chlorine , to be analyzed at field itself.
Waste Water
One liter of wastewater sample avoiding any visible floating matter to be collected from the sampling
location in good quality ( acid & alkali Proof ), plastic bottles having screw cap and for O&G separate
one liter capacity glass bottles and for Nitrogenous Parameters separate H2SO4 preserved plastic bottles
to be used . The sample should be duly coded / labeled and ice preserved and transported in ice box in
ice preserved condition.
Soil / Sediment / Solid Waste / Hazardous Waste
Several Aliquots of soil / sediment / solid waste / hazardous waste to be collected from the sampling
area. These Aliquots should be mixed together ( unwanted matters to be separated manually before
mixing of samples ) . Out of the mixture, approx. 500 g sample to be taken into Polypropylene Zip pouch,
duly coded, labeled and ice preserved immediately and transported in ice preserve condition in an ice
box.
Summery of Sampling, Preservation & Sample Handling Requirements
(Water & Wastewater)
Determination Container Minimum Preservation Maximum Storage
(Parameters) Type Sample Recommended Period Regulatory
Size (ml)
Acidity P, G (B) 100 Refrigerate 24 h / 14 d
Alkalinity P, G 200 Refrigerate 24 h / 14 d
BOD P,G 1000 Refrigerate 6 h / 48 h
Boron P 100 None required 28 d / 6 months
Bromide P, G - None required 28 d / 28d
Carbon, G 100 Analyze immediately; or 7 d / 28 d
Organic, Total refrigerate and add HCl
to pH
Carbon Dioxide P, G 100 Analyze immediately Start / N. S.
COD P, G 100 Analyze as soon as 7 d / 28 d
possible or add H2SO4
to pH, refrigerate
Chlorine, P, G 500 Analyze immediately 0.5 h / Stat
Residue
Chlorine Dioxide P, G 500 Analyze immediately 0.5 h / N, S.
Chlorophyll P, G 500 30 d in dark 30 / N.S.
Colour P, G 500 Refrigerate 48 h / 48 h
Conductivity P, G 500 Refrigerate 28 d / 28 d
Cyanide: Total P, G 500 Add NaOH to pH >12 24 h / 14 d, 24 d
Refrigerate in dark if sulfide present
Cyanide : PG 500 Add 100 mg Na2S2O3 / L Stat/14 d; 24 h
Amenable to sulfide present
Chlorination
Fluoride P 300 None required 28 d / 28 d
Hardness P, G 100 Add HNO3 to pH <2 6 months / 6 months
Iodine P, G 500 Analyze immediately 0.5 h / N. S.
Metals:
General P (A), G (A) 500 For dissolved metals 6 months / 6 months
filter immediately, add
HNO3 to pH < 2
Chromium VI P (A), G (A) 300 Refrigerate 24 h / 24 h
Copper by P (A) G (A) 500 Add HNO3 to pH < 2 4 28 d / 28 d
Colorimetry °C Refrigerate
Mercury
Nitrogen:
Ammonia P, G 500 Analyze a soon as 7 d / 28 d
possible or add H2SO4
to pH < 2, Refrigerate
Nitrate P, G 100 Analyze a soon as 48 h / 48 h (28 d for
possible or Refrigerate Chlorinated samples)
Nitrate + Nitrite P, G 200 Add H2SO4 to pH < 2, None / 28 d
Refrigerate
Nitrite P, G 100 Analyze a soon as None / 48 d
possible or Refrigerate
Organic P, G 500 Refrigerate; add 7 d / 28 d
(Kjeldahl) H2SO4 to pH < 2
Oil & Grease G, Wide 1000 Add H2SO4 to pH < 2, 28 d / 28 d
mouth Refrigerate
calibrated
Odor G 500 Analyze as soon as 6 h / N. S.
possible, refrigerate
Organic Compounds:
Pesticides G (S), TFE- 50 Refrigerate; add 1000 7 d/7d until Extraction:
lined cap. mg Ascorbic Acid / if 40 d after extraction
residual chlorine
present
Phenols P, G 500 Refrigerate; add 28 f`
H2SO4 to pH < 2
Purgeables by G, TFE – 50 Refrigerate; HCl to pH 7 d / 14 d
purge and trap lined cap. < 2 add 100 mg
Ascorbic acid / L if
residual chlorine
present
Determinatio Container Minimum Preservation Recommended Maximum
n Type Sample Size Storage Period
(Parameters) (ml) Regulatory
Oxygen, G, BOD bottle 300 Analyzed immediately Titration may 0.5 h / Stat
Dissolved: be delayed after acidification
Electrode 8h/8h
Winkler
Ozone G 1000 Analyze immediately 0.5 h / N. S.
pH P, G - Analyze immediately 2 h / Stat
Phosphate G (A) 100 For dissolved phosphate filter 48 h / Stat
immediately; refrigerate
Salinity G, wax seal 250 Analyze immediately or use wax 6 months / N. S.
seal
Silica P - Refrigerate, do not freeze 28 d / 28 d
Sludge G, gas bottle - - N. S.
Digester Gas
Solids P, G - Refrigerate 7 d / 2- 7 d
Sulfate P, G - Refrigerate 28 d / 28 d
Sulfate P, G 100 Refrigerate; add 4 drops 2N zinc 28 d / 7 d
acetate /100 ml add NaOH to pH 9
Taste G 500 Analyze as soon as possible, 24 h / N. S.
refrigerate
Temperature P, G - Analyze immediately State / stat
Turbidity P, G - Analyze same day; store in dark up- 24 h / 48 h
to 24 h refrigerate