Practical session 2
April- 2023
Pharmacy 1 – Human anatomy
1- The Clavicle, also
called collarbone, curved
anterior bone of the shoulder
(pectoral) girdle in vertebrates; it
functions as a strut to support the
shoulder.
In humans the two clavicles,
on either side of the anterior
base of the neck, are
horizontal, S-curved rods
that articulate laterally with
the outer end of the shoulder
blade (the acromion) to help
form the shoulder joint.
[Link] clavicle, or collarbone, is a slender, S-shaped
bone approximately 6 inches (15 cm) long bone that
serves as a strut ( ( دعامةbetween the shoulder
blade and the sternum (breastbone). There are two
clavicles, one on the left and one on the right. The
clavicle is the only long bone in the body that lies
horizontally. Together with the shoulder blade, it
makes up the shoulder girdle.
[Link] is a large doubly curved long
bone that connects the arm to the trunk of
the body. Located directly above the first rib,
it acts as a strut to keep the scapula in place
so that the arm can hang freely. Medially, it
articulates with the manubrium of the
sternum (breastbone) at the sternoclavicular
joint. At its lateral end it articulates with the
acromion, a process of the scapula
2- The Scapula, also called shoulder blade, either
of two large bones of the shoulder girdle in
vertebrates. In humans they are triangular and
lie on the upper back between the levels of the
second and eighth ribs.
[Link] is a wide, flat bone lying on the thoracic
wall that provides an attachment for three groups
of muscles: intrinsic, extrinsic, and stabilising and
rotating muscles. The intrinsic muscles of the
scapula include the muscles of the rotator cuff—the
subscapularis, teres minor, supraspinatus, and
infraspinatus. These muscles attach to the surface
of the scapula and are responsible for the internal
and ext…
[Link] is a wide, flat bone lying on the
thoracic wall that provides an attachment
for three groups of muscles: intrinsic,
extrinsic, and stabilising and rotating
muscles. The intrinsic muscles of the
scapula include the muscles of the rotator
cuff—the subscapularis, teres minor,
supraspinatus, and infraspinatus. These
muscles attach to the surface of the scapula
and are responsible for the internal and
ext…
[Link] anatomy, the scapula (plural
scapulae or scapulas ), also
known as the shoulder bone,
shoulder blade, wing bone or
blade bone, is the bone that
connects the humerus (upper arm
bone) with the clavicle (collar
bone). Like their connected
bones, the scapulae are paired,
with each scapula on either side
of the body being roughly a
mirror image of the other
Scapula, also called
shoulder blade, either of
two large bones of the
shoulder girdle in
vertebrates.
In humans they are
triangular and lie on the
upper back between the
levels of the second and
eighth ribs.
A scapula’s posterior surface is crossed obliquely by a
prominent ridge, the spine, which divides the bone into two
concave areas, the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae.
The spine and fossae give attachment to muscles that act in
rotating the arm. The spine ends in the acromion, a process
that articulates with the clavicle, or collarbone, in front and
helps form the upper part of the shoulder socket.
The lateral apex of the triangle is broadened and presents a shallow cavity, the
glenoid cavity, which articulates with the head of the bone of the upper arm, the
humerus, to form the shoulder joint. Overhanging the glenoid cavity is a beaklike
projection, the coracoid process, which completes the shoulder socket. To the
margins of the scapula are attached muscles that aid in moving or fixing the
shoulder as demanded by movements of the upper limb.