Types of
IC Engine
AS PER NUMBER OF STROKES PER CYCLE
A) FOUR-STROKE CYCLE ENGINE
This engine makes four piston strokes i.e. intake, compression,
power and exhaust to complete an operating cycle. The operating
cycle requires two crankshaft revolutions( 720 degrees). It is the
most common type of engine used in automotive.
B) TWO-STROKE CYCLE ENGINE
As per the name, this engine requires two piston strokes to
complete an operating cycle. Those strokes are compression and
expansion strokes. Only one crankshaft rotation is required.
C) SIX STROKE CYCLE ENGINE
This engine is introduced to make some advancements in
conventional two-stroke and four-stroke engines. It increases the
efficiency of fuel, reduces emissions, etc.
AS PER NATURE OF THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE
A) OTTO CYCLE ENGINE
Otto cycle is an idealized cycle for SI engines.
It consists of two quasistatic and isentropic processes and two
isochoric processes. The engine which follows this thermodynamic
cycle for operation is known as otto cycle engine.
B) DIESEL CYCLE ENGINE
Diesel cycle is an idealized cycle for a diesel engine which consists
of two isentropic processes, one isobaric and one isochoric
process.
C) DUAL CYCLE ENGINE
Dual cycle or mixed cycle or limited pressure cycle is the
combination of otto and diesel cycle. Heat addition is partially
through constant volume and constant pressure process. The
internal combustion engine which follows this cycle is called, dual
cycle engine.
AS PER TYPES OF FUEL USED
A) PETROL OR GASOLINE ENGINE
This engine generates power by burning gasoline (or other volatile
liquid fuel with similar properties) ignited by an electric spark.
Generally, a mixture of fuel and air is used as a charge.
B) DIESEL ENGINE
This engine makes use of diesel as fuel, where fuel ignition takes
place on its own, without any spark. Hence, compression of the
inlet air mixture takes place and then fuel is injected.
C) BI-FUEL ENGINE
This engine is a more advanced version of the otto engine. This
engine can run on either natural gas or gasoline which means it
follows the natural gas system and gasoline system i.e dual fuelling
system.
AS PER THE METHOD OF IGNITION
(ENGINE TYPES)
A)SPARK IGNITION ENGINE
in S.I engines, the ignition takes place with the help of a spark
plug. This mechanical device called spark plug ignites a mixture of
air and fuel( charge) which is compressed and combusted in the
combustion chamber.
B) COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE
A CI engine follows the auto-ignition or self-ignition process where
fuel charge is ignited by its own heat of compression. Here, the air
is inducted into the combustion chamber and compressed to
extremely high pressure. Hence the compression ratio of this
engine is high(up to 22).
AS PER NUMBER OF CYLINDERS
A) SINGLE-CYLINDER ENGINE
It is a basic piston-cylinder configuration of an engine in which
only one engine cylinder is used. The designing of this engine is
compact and simple.
B) MULTI CYLINDER ENGINE
Here, more than one cylinder system is used. It is used to provide
a more continuous flow of power. A popular multi-cylinder engine
contains four, six, and eight engines in various configurations.
AS PER THE ARRANGEMENT OF CYLINDER
A) HORIZONTALLY OPPOSED ENGINE
B) VERTICAL ENGINE
C) V-TYPE ENGINE
D) RADIAL ENGINE
E) IN-LINE ENGINE
F) X ENGINE
G) OPPOSED PISTON ENGINE
H) W ENGINE
AS PER COOLING SYSTEM
A) AIR COOLED ENGINE
This type of cooling engine depends on the amount of airflow
across their external engine surface to eliminate the heat
dissipation. We make thin cooling fins to increase the surface area.
B) WATER COOLED ENGINE
When water is used as a coolant in an internal combustion engine,
then it is called the water-cooled engine. This cooling system
works on the passing of water (as coolant) through provided
passages in engine blocks. We make water jackets, water pumps,
etc for this engine.
C) OIL COOLED ENGINE
It is another liquid-based cooling system engine where engine oil
acts as a coolant to reduce the heat dissipation. We make use of
the radiator (oil cooler) for this purpose where hot oil, after
cooling the engine, is passed through the heat exchanger.
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