General
1- ……………. is a principal constituent of dry matter in plants.
a-proteins b- lipids c- minerals d- carbohydrates
2- ………………………… and ………………………. make up over 70% of animal body
ash while represent a small part of the ash of plants.
a- Silicon- Ca b- Mg- Ca c- Ca-P d- P- Mn
3- Which of the following nutrients % increases with animal age, and is highly variable,
depending upon level of food intake (its variation affects % of other constituents)?
a- Carbohydrates b- protein c-fat d- water
4- -…………… , have lower water turnover rates than species that are less tolerant to water
restriction.
a- Camel b- horse c- European cattle d- poultry
5- In severe water restriction, there will be ………….
a- decrease in body weight.
b- decrease in pulse rate and rectal temperature.
c- decrease in respiration rate.
d- decrease in blood concentration.
6- Which of the following levels of total dissolved salts (mg/liter) can be tolerated by all species?
a- 1,000-3,000 b-3,000-5,000 c-5,000-7,000
d-7,000-10,000
7- What is the form of carbohydrate in ruminant diet?
a- Cellulose, hemicelluloses, starch, and other water- soluble carbohydrates that
are mainly in the form of fructans.
b-Glycogen and glucose.
c-Sucrose and galactose.
1- The first stage of rumen digestion of complex carbohydrates to simple sugars is brought
about by (a-exteracellular microbial enzymes b-enzymes secreted by animals
c-intracellular enzymes)
2- What are the major end- products of rumen carbohydrate digestion?
a-Volatile fatty acids (acetic, propionic and butyric acids).
b- Heat which is very useful for warming the animal body in cold weathers.
c-All of the above.
3- The most important animal factor governing microbial digestion of crude Fiber is (a-species
b-feed c-age ) of the consumer.
4- Give reason for: The complex polysaccharides of mature plants are less well digested than
they are in young, growing plants.
a- The difference is due to both chemical and physical structure.
b- To the presence of certain substances, notably lignin, which are deposited in
the cell wall with age.
c- All of the above.
5- Give reason for: The replacement of poor quality hay by alfalfa has been shown to stimulate
microbic activity.
a- Suggesting that the latter hay may supply specific vitamins, minerals, higher proteins
content or other factors needed for the best growth of the bacteria.
b- % of crude fiber.
c- c- All of the above.
6- Give reason for: The addition of easily digestable carbohydrates such as starch, cane sugar,
or molasses to the ration of cattle reduces the digestibility of the fiber.
a- Rapid fermentation of starch volatile fatty acids depresses the rumen pH to 6
or less.
b-The low pH inhibits cellulolytic microorganisms and fiber digestibility is
depressed.
c-starch seems to have a direct effect on cellulolysis.
d- All of the above.
8- Has protective effect against some metabolic and digestive disorders (a-
cellulose and hemicellulose b-starch c-lignin)
1- Ketosis of dairy cows in a metabolic disorder occurring in(a-late lactation b- early lactation
c- late stage of pregnancy)
2- Major or macronutrient minerals are found in the body in high concentrations (above (a-
70mg/Kg b-80mg/Kg c-50mg/Kg )live weight .
3- Most suitable Ca: P ratio for farm animals other than poultry is generally within the range( a-
1:1 to 2:1 b-1:2 c-1:3) .
4- When Ca concentration falls,(a-thyroid b-parathyroid c-calcitonin) hormone is normally
secreted.
5- Disorder of metabolism and deficiency as a result of :
a. An acute increase in demand
b. Chronic dietary deprivation
c. All of the above.
6- Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism is a nutritional metabolic disorder caused by:
a- Elevation of parathyroid hormone (PTH), usually secondary to low Ca, high P and low vitamin
D.
b- Phosphorus deficiency.
c- All of the above.
7- Milk fever or parturient paresis is a metabolic disease occurring most commonly in adult
cows, within ( a-12-72 hours b- 3-4 day c-12-72 day) of parturition.
8- The 10 EAAs are required for growth and maintenance for:
a-rabbits. b-sheep. c-foals.
9- Proteins are the main source for supplying the animal body with its
requirements
of: a-sodium. b- selenium. c- sulfur.
10- Protein quality is governed by: a-protein%. b-amino acid make up.
c-protein digestibility.
11- Faulty ammoniation of high-quality dry forages may produce the toxic
compound:
a- 4-methyl ethanol b- 4-methyl imidazole c- 4-methyl
diazinon.
12- When the adverse effect of an amino acid in excess cannot be overcome by
supplementation with another amino acid, it means: a-amino acid imbalance
b-amino acid toxicity c- amino acid antagonism.
T-The maximum microbial activity for crude fiber digestion & microbial protein
synthesis cannot be achieved with the same ration.
F-The ammonia resulting from deamination is changed into urea in case of birds.
F-The urea is rapidly broken down to amino acid and Co2 by the urease produced
by rumen bacteria.
F-The ration must be rich in energy in form of fat when urea used.