Group 5: Module 5 - Post Task

De Leon, Louie Gie

Kasala, Chesca Yvette
Orpilla, Melissa Rose
Sudla, Alleine Ivory
Tuazon, Thalia

PROBLEM 1:

The student government is holding elections for president. There are 4 candidates (labeled as A, B,

C, and D for convenience). The preference for the election is as follows:

Candidates Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking

A 4 3 2 1 1 3

B 3 1 3 3 4 2

C 1 2 4 2 3 4

D 2 4 1 4 2 1

# of votes 120 50 40 90 60 100

Questions:

1. How many voters voted in this election?

Total Voters: 120+50+40+90+60+100= 460

TOTAL VOTERS: 460

2. How many voters are needed for a majority? For a plurality?

MAJORITY: 460 ÷ 2 = 230

Majority Needed: 230

Plurality Needed: 1

PLURALITY: A= 120 Votes

 3. Find the winner under the plurality method.

Plurality Method

We only look at the first choice votes:

● A: 120 votes

● B: 90 votes

● C: 40 votes

● D: 60 votes

Results: A wins with 120 votes.

4. Find the winner under the Borda Count Method.

A: 0+50+80+450+300+300=11800 + 50 + 80 + 450 + 300 + 300 =

11800+50+80+450+300+300=1180

B: 360+250+120+270+60+400=1460360 + 250 + 120 + 270 + 60 + 400 =

1460360+250+120+270+60+400=1460

C: 600+200+80+360+180+0=1420600 + 200 + 80 + 360 + 180 + 0 =

1420600+200+80+360+180+0=1420

D: 480+0+200+0+240+500=1420480 + 0 + 200 + 0 + 240 + 500 =

1420480+0+200+0+240+500=1420

Borda Points:

● A: 1180

● B: 1460

● C: 1420

● D: 1420

Winner (Borda Count Method): B

Find the winner under the Pairwise Comparison Method.

Pairwise Comparison Method

1. A vs. B: A wins (120 vs. 90)

2. A vs. C: A wins (120 vs. 40)

3. A vs. D: A wins (120 vs. 60)

4. B vs. C: B wins (90 vs. 40)

5. B vs. D: B wins (90 vs. 60)

6. C vs. D: C wins (40 vs. 60)

Head-to-Head Results:

● A wins 3

● B wins 2

● C wins 1

Winner (Pairwise Comparison Method): A

Final Summary

● Total Voters: 460

● Majority Needed: 230

● Plurality Winner: A

● Borda Count Winner: B

● Pairwise Comparison Winner: A

PROBLEM 3

Region IV-A consists of 5 provinces, whose populations are listed below. If the legislature has 119
seats, apportion the seats.

Cavite: 810,000; Laguna: 473,000; Batangas: 292,000; Rizal: 594,000; Quezon: 211,000
Hamilton's Method

Step 1: Calculate the Total Population

Total Population = 810,00 + 473,000 + 292,000 + 594,000 + 211,000
= 2,380,000

Step 2: Calculate the Standard Divisor

Standard Divisor = Total Population / Total Seats = 2,380,000/ 119 = 20,000

Step 3: Calculate Each Province’s Standard Quota

Cavite: 810,000 / 20,000 = 40.5
Laguna: 473,000 / 20,000 = 23.65
Batangas: 292,000 / 20,000 = 14.6
Rizal: 594,000 / 20,000 = 29.7
Quezon: 211,000 / 20,000 = 10.55

Step 4: Assign the Integer Part of Each Quota

Cavite: 40
Laguna: 23
Batangas: 14
Rizal: 29
Quezon: 10

Total seats assigned so far: 40 + 23 + 14 + 29 + 10 = 116

Step 5: Distribute the Remaining 3 Seats Based on the Largest Fractional Remainders
Cavite: 0.5
Laguna: 0.65
Batangas: 0.6
Rizal: 0.7
Quezon: 0.55

The largest fractional remainders are:

1. Rizal (0.7)
2. Laguna (0.65)
3. Batangas (0.6)
Step 6: Allocate the Extra Seats
Rizal gets 1 additional seat, bringing the total to 30.
Laguna gets 1 additional seat, bringing the total to 24.
Batangas gets 1 additional seat, bringing the total to 15.

Final Apportionment
Cavite: 40 seats
Laguna: 24 seats
Batangas: 15 seats
Rizal: 30 seats
Quezon: 10 seats

This apportionment ensures that all 119 seats are distributed according to Hamilton’s Method.

Jefferson's Method

Step 1: Total Population

Cavite: 810,000
Laguna: 473,000
Batangas: 292,000
Rizal: 594,000
Quezon: 211,000

Total Population= 810,000 + 473,000 + 292,000 + 594,000 + 211,000= 2,380,000

Step 2: Standard Divisor

Standard Divisor = Total Population / Total Seats = 2,380,000/ 119 = 20,000

Step 3: Initial Quotients

Cavite: 810,000 / 20,000 = 40.5 = 40
Laguna: 473,000 / 20,000 = 23.65 = 23
Batangas: 292,000 / 20,000 = 14.6 = 14
Rizal: 594,000 / 20,000 = 29.7 = 29
Quezon: 211,000 / 20,000 = 10.55 = 10

Total Initial Seats = 116

Step 4: Remaining Seats

Remaining Seats: 3
 Step 5: Allocate Remaining Seats

Using modified divisors (decreasing by 1), distribute the remaining 3 seats.

Final Seat Allocation:

● Cavite: 40
● Laguna: 23
● Batangas: 14
● Rizal: 29
● Quezon: 13

Total Seats = 119

This is the final apportionment for Region IV-A using Jefferson's Method.

PROVINCE CAVITE LAGUNA BATANGAS RIZAL QUEZON TOTAL

POPULATION 810,000 473,000 292,000 594,000 211,000 2,380,000

STANDARD 40.5 23.65 14.6 29.7 10.55 119

QUOTA

ROUNDED 41 24 15 30 11 121
QUOTA

d=20,100 40.29 23.53 14.52 29.55 10.49

ROUNDED 40 24 15 30 10 119
QUOTA

Webster's Method

Step 1: Calculate the standard divisor

The total population of Region IV-A is:
810,000 + 473,000 + 292,000 + 594,000 + 211,000 = 2,380,000

Calculate the standard divisor:

2,380,000 / 119 = 20,000
Step 2: Initial quotas
Cavite: 810,000 / 20,000 = 40.5
Laguna: 473,000 / 20,000 = 23.65
Batangas: 292,000 / 20,000 = 14.6
Rizal: 594,000 / 20,000 = 29.7
Quezon: 211,000 / 20,000 = 10.55

Step 3: Initial set assignment

By rounding:
Cavite: 810,000 / 20,000 = 40.5 = 41
Laguna: 473,000 / 20,000 = 23.65 = 24
Batangas: 292,000 / 20,000 = 14.6 = 15
Rizal: 594,000 / 20,000 = 29.7 = 30
Quezon: 211,000 / 20,000 = 10.55 = 11

Total seats: 121

Since 121 seats is greater than the 119 available, we need to reduce the number of seats by
removing two from the provinces with the smallest decimal parts.

Step 4: Adjusting seats

The decimal parts are:
Cavite: 0.5
Laguna: 0.65
Batangas: 0.6
Rizal: 0.7
Quezon: 0.55

We reduce seats from the two provinces with the smallest decimal parts, which are Cavite and
Quezon.

Final seat allocation:

Cavite: 41 = 40
Laguna: 24
Batangas: 15
Rizal: 30
Quezon: 11 = 10

Total seats: 40 + 24 + 15 + 30 + 10 = 119

 Final appointment:
Cavite: 40
Laguna: 24
Batangas: 15
Rizal: 30
Quezon: 10

PROVINCE CAVITE LAGUNA BATANGAS RIZAL QUEZON TOTAL

POPULATION 810,000 473,000 292,000 594,000 211,000 2,800,000

STANDARD 40.5 23.65 14.6 29.7 10.55 119

QUOTA

LOWER QUOTA 40 23 14 29 10 116

d=18,000 45 26.27 16.2 33 11.6

LOWER QUOTA 32 26 16 33 11 118

d=19,700 41.1 24.01 14.8 30.1 10.7

LOWER QUOTA 41 24 14 30 10 119

Huntington-Hill's Method

Step 1:

PROVINCE CAVITE LAGUNA BATANGAS RIZAL QUEZON TOTAL

Population 810,000 473,000 292,000 594,000 211,000 2,380,000

Standard 40.5 23.65 14.6 29.7 10.55 119

Quota

Lower Quota 40 23 14 29 10

Upper Quota 41 24 15 30 11

Rounded 41 24 15 30 11 121
Quota

d = 20,100 40.29 23.53 14.52 29.55 10.49

Geometric 40.497 23.495 14.491 29.496 10.488

Mean

Rounded 40 24 15 30 11 120
Quota

d = 20, 120 40.25 23.50 14.51 29.52 10.487

Geometric 40.497 23.495 14.491 29.496 10.488

Mean

Rounded 40 24 15 30 10 119
Quota