Deck Connection and Fastening Guide

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING CODE-COMPLIANT DECKS

(800) 999-5099 | [Link]

 Continuous Load Path

Continuous Load Path

As with your home, your deck should be built
using a “continuous load path.” The continuous
load path is an engineering concept that, when Lateral
Loads
constructed, assures loads are completely
transferred from point of application to the
foundation via the structural components Guard System
and connections. Continuous load paths are
typically constructed to resist the forces from
gravity (vertical), lateral (horizontal) and uplift
loads. For example, the vertical load path would
effectively transfer the weight (load) of the deck
and everything on it through its frame, to the LINE
PLAT

foundation or the adjacent support structure

PLATE
LINE

(typically your home), and finally to the ground.

If your deck is built with a continuous load path,
it will be better equipped to resist forces, such
as occupancy, wind, snow and earthquakes. Joist-to-Beam
Visit [Link]/deckcenter to learn more
about achieving a continuous load path in the
Beam-to-Post
construction of your deck.
Ledger
Attachment

Post
Bases
A safe deck is built with
fasteners and connectors
that create a continuous
load path. Footings

Continuous
Load Path

2 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Contents

Continuous Load Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Guard Post to Deck Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30–33

Guardrail Infill Component Connections . . . . . . . . . 34–35
Build a Safe, Strong Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Stair Stringers and Treads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Code Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–7 Performance Fasteners for Decks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Critical Deck Connections Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8–9 Structural Wood Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Existing Decks: Retrofit or Replace? . . . . . . . . . . . 10–11 Screws for Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Color-Match Fasteners for Composite
Help for Your Deck Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
and PVC Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Deck Planner Software™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Hidden Deck Fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Fastener Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Nails for Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
DCA6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Quik Drive® Auto-Feed Screw Driving Systems
Deck Solutions for a Safe, Code-Compliant Deck . 16 for Decking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Footings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Fastener Selection Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Post Bases Installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18–20
Connector Fastener Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Beam Assemblies and Beam-to-Post Connections . . . 21
Fastener Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Beam-to-Post Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Ledger Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23–25 Mitigating Corrosion Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Lateral Connection to Primary Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Selecting Connector and Fastener Coatings . . . . . . . . 48
Joists Terminating into Beam/Ledger . . . . . . . . . . . 27–28 Corrosion Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49–50
Joists Bearing on a Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Visit the Deck Center at [Link]/deckcenter

Everything You Need in One Place
We have brought all of our information and training on building stronger, safer decks together
in one location to make learning easier than ever.

A Word About Building Codes Product Approvals

This guide recommends connectors and fasteners for deck construction Selection of products based upon performance and/or suitability
that help the deck builder meet the requirements of the 2018 / 2021 for a specific application should be made by a qualified
International Building Code® and the 2018 / 2021 International professional. Simpson Strong‑Tie recommends that deck designs be
Residential Code®. The information contained here is a summary of approved by the local building department before construction begins.
the requirements of these codes as they pertain to the connections
International Building Code and International Residential Code are
highlighted in this guide. The building codes contain other requirements
registered trademarks of their respective organizations.
regarding aspects of deck construction that are not addressed here;
check the codes for details. Check with your local building department
to verify what building codes have been adopted in your area.

Limited Warranty
For information regarding the Simpson Strong-Tie Limited Warranty, see [Link]/limited-warranties or call (800) 999-5099.

Resources to Make Building Easier

Deck Planner Application, [Link]/deckplanner — deck design software
Fastener Finder Application, [Link]/ff — fastener identification software
Fastener Designer Application, [Link]/fastenerdesigner — fastener load and application mapping software
“Deck Inspection for New and Existing Construction,” [Link]/training — Simpson Strong-Tie deck training course
“DCA 6 Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide,” [Link] — prescriptive guide for residential decks
NADRA Deck Evaluation Checklist, [Link]/deck-safety

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 3
 Build
a Safe,
Strong
Deck

4 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Introduction

Build a Safe, Strong Deck

A beautiful deck is about more than the framing and connections. It’s about the experiences and
connections that happen between people while they are enjoying their time outside. Outdoor living
can enhance our enjoyment of life immeasurably, and a well-built deck can make an important
contribution to that aspect of our lifestyle. Simpson Strong-Tie believes that a beautiful deck must
also be safe and strong.

Deck Construction and Fastening Tips

• Before beginning construction, allow your decking materials to • Use caution to avoid overdriving fasteners during installation.
acclimate to the jobsite conditions. A freshly pressure treated Overdriving can cause fastener breakage and create a
deck board can contain over a gallon of liquid. counterbore where water can pool, facilitating corrosion
and decay.
• Select the proper fastener based on the importance of
the connection, exposure, and the materials that are • Allow for proper water drainage. A deck should slope away
being fastened. Consult pp. 45–46 and pp. 48–50 of from the structure a minimum of 1/8" to 1/4" per every 12" to
this guide or [Link] for guidelines on choosing reduce the possibility of standing water.
the correct fastener.
• For composite decking to be installed diagonally, reduce the
• Consider using 300 Series stainless-steel fasteners when on-center joist spacing following recommendations of the deck
elevated corrosion conditions may exist, such as presence of board manufacturer. For 5/ 4 wood decking to be installed
de-icing salts or close proximity to swimming pools, hot tubs, diagonally, the spacing for supporting framing should not
sprinklers, ponds, foliage and other moisture sources. exceed 16" on-center.
• Inadequate gap spacing between boards can put additional • Adequate ventilation is necessary to minimize cupping, warping
load on the fasteners and lead to broken screws or nail pops. and other weathering related defects. Construct the deck a
Spacing for wood decks depends on wood species and minimum of 18" off the ground to allow proper air circulation. If
moisture content. this is not possible, install a plastic film moisture barrier under
the deck.
• For composite decking, consult manufacturer fastening
requirements and installation instructions related to spacing. • Proper maintenance is essential. Staining and sealing, along
with periodic inspection of fasteners and hardware, will
• If the deck is attached to a wall or floor assembly of wood-frame
potentially add years to the life of the deck.
construction, approved corrosion-resistant flashing should be
applied to prevent water entry or penetration into the building.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 5
 Code Concerns

Do Decks Really Need to Meet Building Code Requirements?

Because decks may look relatively simple to build, many The concept of the continuous load path is described on p. 2.
people do not realize that they are structures that need to be Starting with the 2015 edition, the IRC has contained an
constructed to meet minimum standards and resist certain entire section describing specific requirements for safe deck
loads. Like a house, or any other building, a deck must support construction. These have been refined and increased in every
the weight of people and objects placed on it, as well as edition since then. These requirements are a start for safe
lateral and uplift loads that can act on the deck as a result of construction of every deck. Some smaller decks that are low
occupant movement, wind or seismic activity. The 2018 / 2021 to the ground are allowed by the IRC to be exempted from
versions of both the IBC and IRC contain language outlining the building permit requirements. However, that does not mean that
general design requirements of structures. This excerpt from they are exempt from having to meet the minimum basic code
the 2018 / 2021 IRC (Section R301.1) represents a summary requirements.
of the intent of both codes: “The construction of buildings and
structures in accordance with the provisions of this code shall
result in a system that provides a complete load path that meets
the requirements for the transfer of loads from their point of
origin through the load-resisting elements to the foundation.”

6 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Code Concerns

Common Building Code Violations

The following code requirements can be easily overlooked in deck construction:

1. P
 roper fastening of the ledger to the house
IRC and IBC codes prohibit the “use of toenails or nails subject to withdrawal” when
making ledger connections, yet a number of deck failures each year result due to
using these or other types of improper fasteners. For more information, see p. 23.

2. P
 roper fastening of guard posts to the deck
IRC and IBC codes require the guard post to resist a 200-pound design load. This load,
applied horizontally at the top of the guard post, creates a large leverage force where
the guard post attaches to the deck framing. For more information, see p. 31.

3. Post-base connections
IRC and IBC codes require posts “be restrained to prevent lateral displacement
at the bottom end.” This requirement is important because most decks cannot
safely support part or all of their load if a post base can move. For more information,
see pp. 18-20.

4. O
 penings in guards and stair railings
IRC and IBC codes place a limit on the size of openings, for the occupants’ safety in
case of tripping or falling, and for the safety of small children. For more information,
see p. 36.

5. L
 ateral-load solutions
IRC and IBC codes require that a deck be designed for both the vertical and lateral
loads. Deck failures with injuries occur when people move around on a deck and
create that lateral movement, causing the deck to pull away from the primary
structure before collapsing. For more information, see p. 26.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 7
 Critical Deck Connections Checklist

Lateral-Load Joist to Ledger Guardrail Infill Ledger Attachment Knee Brace

Connection (p. 27) Component (p. 23) (p. 22)
(p. 26) Connections
(p. 35)

8 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Critical Deck Connections Checklist

To build a safe, building-code-compliant deck, it’s essential that the deck construction establish a continuous
load path using a system of key connections throughout the deck framing. When this system of connections is
made properly, loads are transferred through the deck frame and into the ground and/or the adjacent structure to
which the deck is connected.
The connections shown below are necessary in order to create an effective continuous load path.
For information on the inspection of existing decks, see p. 10, and for resources, see p. 3.
Use the diagram below to determine which deck connections are needed for new construction or which may need
to be retrofitted for existing construction. For ledger connections to concrete and/or brick, see pp. 24–25.

Guardrail-to-Post
Connections
(p. 34)

Stair Stringer to
Deck Framing
(p. 36)

LINE

Joist to Beam
PLATE

(p. 29)
PLATE
LINE

Beam to Post
(pp . 21-22)

Post to Footing
(pp. 17–20)

Guard Post to Stair Tread to Stringer

Deck Framing (p. 36)
(pp. 30–33)

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 9
 Existing Decks: Retrofit or Replace?

Do I Need to Retrofit?
Retrofitting an Existing Deck
It’s estimated that of the approximately 60 million existing decks, half are past their useful life and need to be replaced. Experts
believe that many of these decks are potentially unsafe. In situations where it’s not feasible to rebuild an existing deck, it may
be preferable to retrofit it by applying hardware to existing framing members. Many of the products shown in this guide may be
installed after deck framing is in place and can improve the safety of the structure and help bring it within the requirements of
the code.

Life Expectancy of Decks

Most experts agree that the average life expectancy of a deck is 10 to 20 years. Decks are exposed to the elements, which can
cause deterioration. It’s important that decks are properly inspected and maintained on a routine basis. If you are unsure what to
inspect for or how often, it’s best to consult with a qualified professional, such as a structural engineer, architect, home inspector
or contractor, in order to make sure the deck is safe.

Five Things to Look for on an Existing Deck

It is recommended that you inspect your deck annually for issues that need to be addressed. It's best to do this prior
to seasons when you use your deck most. When inspecting a deck to determine overall safety and compliance with
building codes, look at the five areas below. Use this checklist to help ensure a thorough evaluation.

1. Improper Connections
Any connections that do not meet the requirements discussed in this guide can
compromise the safety of the deck. In many cases, toenailing (i.e., joining two
wood members with angled nailing) does not constitute a proper connection.
Connectors must be installed with the correct fastener.

2. Loose Connections
Vital connections may have degraded. Wobbly railings, loose stairs and ledgers
that appear to be pulling away from the adjacent structure are all causes for
concern.

3. Corrosion
Metal connectors and fasteners can corrode, especially if a product with
insufficient corrosion resistance was originally installed. See pp. 49–50 for
more information on corrosion.

4. Decay
Wood can decay with exposure to the elements. Deck framing members that
have decayed may no longer be able to perform the function for which they
were intended.

5. Splitting
As wood ages, it is common for splitting to develop. Large cracks or excessive
splitting can weaken deck framing members.

10 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Existing Decks: Retrofit or Replace?

Connector Solutions for Retrofitting

The following connectors are some of the products that may
be suitable for deck retrofit. Selection of products based upon
performance and/or suitability for a specific application should
be made by a qualified professional. Simpson Strong‑Tie
recommends that deck designs be approved by the local
building department before work begins.

LCE/AC Post Caps

Two-piece cap may be installed before
or after lumber is in place.

Siding not shown for clarity

SIM
StronPSON
g-T ®
ie
RPB
Z
ESR
-252
Use 3
& Warn
stron ings:
gtie.c
om/i
nfo

RPBZ Retrofit Post Base DJTZ LUS Joist Hanger

Reinforcement for Connects beams at Provides bearing and uplift
post applications. the side of the post. resistance, features double-
(available in ZMAX® coating or shear nailing for added strength.
in stainless steel)

DTT1Z Deck Tension Tie H1 Hurricane Tie DTT2 Deck Tension Tie
Lateral connections into wall plates, Attaches to both sides of the joist. Horizontal application fastening
LINE
PLAT

PLATE

guard post to deck framing.

LINE

header or studs.
(siding not shown for clarity) (available in ZMAX coating or
in stainless steel)

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 11
Help for
Your Deck
Planning
Deck Planner Software™

Deck-design software provides a user-friendly means of planning, designing and

Deck

DPS
visualizing new deck construction, as well as deck-remodel projects.
Simpson Strong-Tie Deck Planner Software helps you quickly design a custom
®
Planner
deck, whether for retrofits or a new build. Once the design is completed, the tool
dynamically generates building permit submittal pages and a project materials list.
Software™
Deck Planner Software allows for the design of decks with fast and powerful
editing tools:
• Design in 2D or 3D environments
• Use the deck-shaping tools to insert specific deck dimensions
• Select from different wood species for your framing lumber
• Easy-to-use deck drawing tool allows user to draw the outline of their deck before
designing
• Deck Planner Software is available for PC and iOS devices.
The software can also generate full deck plans, specifications and a bill of materials.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 13
 Fastener Software

Select with Fastener Designer

Fastener Designer is a web-based application that helps you find
alternatives to the specified fasteners in your plans, giving you
more design flexibility. This application quickly finds alternatives
to standard NDS fasteners for six common applications:
• Withdrawal loading
• Lateral load parallel to grain
• Lateral load perpendicular to grain
• Multi-ply connections
• Ledger connections
• Sole-plate-to-rim board
Results come with detailed load calculations for both the NDS
fastener and the recommended Simpson Strong-Tie structural
screw. See [Link]/fastenerdesigner for more information.

Fastener
FD

Designer

Search with Fastener Finder

Fastener

FF
Quickly search our wide array of fasteners to find exactly what you need. Search by multiple Finder
criteria, such as application, fastener type, finish/material and model number. Explore our
extensive product line in seconds in order to compare, specify or buy. Find the right fastener
now by accessing our online Fastener Finder. Visit our website at [Link]/ff.

14 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
DCA6 — A Prescriptive Guide for Residential Wood Decks

What Is the DCA6?

The Design for Code Acceptance DCA6 Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction
Guide — 2015 IRC version publication by American Wood Council, provides prescriptive
methods for the construction of single-level decks to meet the provisions of the 2015
International Residential Code (IRC). Information is included where the IRC has yet to develop
provisions. The prescriptive methods shown are not meant to limit the use of alternate means
and methods that are not shown. If there are any conflicts between the DCA6 and IRC, the
IRC provisions govern. The guide is available for download at [Link].

What is the scope of DCA6?

• The guide applies to single-level residential wood decks.
• Maximum live or snow loads are 40 psf. Large concentrated loads, such as hot tubs, are
outside the scope.
• Lateral loads are addressed to the extent of the IRC provisions.

Can the current DCA6-2015 IRC edition be used with 2018 or 2021 IRC editions?
• The guide is in the process of being updated to the new IRC editions. The current DCA6-2015
IRC edition could be used for 2018 or 2021 IRC designs that have the same scope.

TECHNICAL BULLETIN

Connection Solutions to Meet the DCA6

Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide
(Based on the 2015 International Residential Code)

The Design for Code Acceptance DCA6 Prescriptive

Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide — 2015 IRC
version publication by American Wood Council, provides
prescriptive methods for the construction of single-level
decks to meet the provisions of the 2015 International
Residential Code (IRC). Information is included where
the IRC has yet to develop provisions. The prescriptive
methods shown are not meant to limit the use of
alternate means and methods that are not shown. If
there are any conflicts between the DCA6 and IRC, the
IRC provisions govern.

This technical bulletin provides Simpson Strong-Tie®

connector, fastener, and anchor solutions to meet the
DCA6 provisions. Additional alternate methods are
included. Reference to other Simpson Strong-Tie
documentation is made for full installation information
and additional technical detail.

Simpson Strong-Tie recommends that deck designs

be approved by the local building department before
construction begins.

Courtesy, American Wood Council, Leesburg, VA

General notes for the use of this document:

• The DCA6 scope applies to single-level residential wood decks. Maximum live or snow loads are 40 psf. Large point
loads, such as hot tubs, are outside the scope. Lateral loads are addressed to the extent of the IRC provisions.
• Connector, fastener and anchor solutions contained in this document are equivalent to DCA6 provisions,
unless noted otherwise. Additional options may be available on [Link].
© 2021 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. T-C-DCA6DECK21

• Framing lumber wood species: SPF, HF, DF and SP lumber.

• Solutions include wet service adjustment.
• Nails for nailed stainless steel connectors must be Strong-Drive® SCNR Ring-Shank Connector Nails.
Refer to p. 11 for further information.
• Nailed connectors may be installed alternately with Strong-Drive SD Connector screws, unless noted otherwise.
Refer to p. 11 for substitution information.
• A worksheet is included to assist in the count of connectors, fasteners and anchors for a project.

Table of Contents
Decking; Beam Assembly; Joist-to-Beam ................ 2 Guard Post Attachment; Guard Infill ......................... 8
Joist Hangers; Post-to-Beam .................................. 3 Stair Connections .................................................... 9
Post-to-Beam; Diagonal Bracing ............................. 4 Trimmer Joist Hangers ............................................. 9
Rim Joist Connection Details; Post-to-Footing ......... 5 Corrosion Information ............................................ 10
Ledger Board Attachments...................................... 6 Simpson Strong-Tie Fasteners .............................. 11 Technical bulletin T-C-DCA6DECK
Deck Lateral Loads.................................................. 7 Worksheet ............................................................. 12
provides connector, fastener and
anchor solutions to meet the DCA6
1 provisions. Additional alternate
methods are included.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 15
Deck
Solutions
for a Safe,
Code-
Compliant
Deck
Footings

In order for posts to properly resist various types of loads, they must be supported by, and Building Code
anchored to, concrete footings. Thin concrete slabs and precast concrete piers do not qualify Requirements
as proper footings for decks attached to the structure.
Minimum Size
• Minimum size per
Table R507.3.1
2018 /2021 IRC Section R507.3.1

• Minimum size 12" x 12" or

equivalent (14" round)
2018 /2021 IBC Section 1809.4

Depth
• Minimum depth 12" below
undisturbed ground. Depth
shall extend below frost depth
(exceptions for permanent
frozen soil and free-standing
decks).
2018 /2021 IRC Section R507.3.2;
2021 IRC Section R507.3.3
2018 /2021 IBC Section R1809.4,
R1809.5

Performance
• Shall support all loads
according to Section R301
2018 /2021 IRC Section R403.1

• Shall be designed for live,

dead, lateral and net-induced
uplift forces (wind, seismic,
occupant, flood loads)
2018 /2021 IBC Section 1808

Note: In order to achieve

published load values, footings
must provide sufficient concrete
cover of the embedded portion of
Simpson Strong‑Tie® cast‑in‑place
post and column bases. In some
cases, a footing larger than
the minimum required by the
building codes will be necessary
to meet these requirements. See
the Simpson Strong‑Tie Wood
Construction Connectors catalog
for more information.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 17
 Post Bases Installed into Concrete

Building Code Posts must be properly attached to a concrete footing in order to resist lateral and uplift
Requirements loads. Preservative-treated wood that is cut must be field treated or the post must be
elevated off the concrete by 1".
Load Resistance
• Columns shall be
®
restrained to prevent
lateral displacement at the
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions
bottom end. Such lateral Cast-in-Place
restraint shall be provided by These products are cast into the concrete at the time of the pour.
manufactured connectors
installed in accordance
with section R507 and the
manufacturer's requirements,
or a minimum post
embedment of 12 inches in
surrounding soils or concrete
piers. Wood columns shall
not be less in nominal size
than 4" x 4".
2018/ 2021 IRC Section R407.3
and R507.4
PPBZ Porch Post Base PBS Post Base CBSQ Column Base
2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7 Features a 1" standoff. with Standoff Installs with Strong-Drive® SDS
2021 IBC Section 2304.10.8 (features a ZMAX® coating) Features a 1" standoff. wood screws and features a
ZMAX or hot-dip 1" standoff. Hot-dip galvanized
galvanized coating
• Column and post-end coating recommended.
recommended.
connections shall be fastened
to resist lateral and net
induced uplift forces.
2018/ 2021 IRC Section R502.9
S#.#

2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7

S#.#

S#.#

S#.#
S#.#

S#.#

2021 IBC Section 2304.10.8 S#.#

SIM
PSON
Strong
-Tie®
S#.#
S#.#
MPB6
6Z
S2.5

S2.5

S#.#
S2.5

S#.#
S#.#
S2.5

SON ®
S2.5

SIMPg-Tie
Em Stron
bed
men
t Line S2.5

MPBZ Moment APBDW Decorative

Post Base* Post Base Wrap
Provides moment Wraps around the MPBZ
resistance for wooden and matches style of other
columns or posts Outdoor Accents® —
in free-standing structures. Mission Collection®
Features 1" standoff tabs. connectors.

A 1" standoff at the base of the post is required

when building with wood that is not preservative
treated or decay resistant. The standoff plate
raises the post end off the concrete, keeping it
drier and reducing the chances of decay. For
Standing Water
best long‑term results, Simpson Strong‑Tie
recommends that a base with a standoff be
1" used in exterior/wet applications.

*May eliminate bracing, contact design professional for additional information.

18 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Post Bases Installed After the Concrete Hardens

®
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions Building Code
Requirements
Post Bases with Anchors
Load Resistance
These products utilize anchors installed during the pour or after the concrete hardens.
• Columns shall be
restrained to prevent
lateral displacement at the
bottom end. Such lateral
restraint shall be provided by
manufactured connectors
installed in accordance
with section R507 and the
manufacturer's requirements,
or a minimum post
embedment of 12 inches in
surrounding soils or concrete
piers. Wood columns shall
not be less in nominal size
than 4" x 4".
2018/ 2021 IRC Section R407.3
ABWZ Adjustable CPT Concealed and R507.4
Post Base with Standoff Post Tie 2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7
(available in ZMAX® coating) (available in ZMAX coating 2021 IBC Section 2304.10.8
and stainless steel)
• Column and post-end
connections shall be fastened
to resist lateral and net
induced uplift forces.

SIM
2018/ 2021 IRC Section R502.9
StronPSON
g-T ®
ie

2018 IBC Section 2304.10.7

RPBZ

ESR
-252
Use 3
& Warn
stron ings
gtie. :
com
/info

2021 IBC Section 2304.10.8

ABU Adjustable Post Base RPBZ with CPS —

with Standoff Composite Plastic Standoff
(available in ZMAX coating (available in ZMAX coating)
and stainless steel)

WS22

3.5
W22

APVB
312 W22 ER-1 44
Use & 02
strong Warnings:
[Link]
312 /info

WS22

3.5

SIMP
Stron SON
g-Tie®

Outdoor Accents®
APB/APVB Post Base
ZMAX with
black powder coating.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 19
 Post Bases Installed on Existing Concrete

Post-Installed Anchors
Installing a post base on existing concrete requires the installation of a post-
installed anchor to attach the base to the concrete. Simpson Strong‑Tie offers a
variety of mechanical anchors and anchoring adhesives that are code listed for
structural applications.

Mechanical Anchors:
Stainless-Steel Titen HD® Screw Anchor
Provides fast and efficient installation, combined with long-lasting corrosion
resistance.
• Available in both Type 316 and Type 304 stainless steel
• For use in cracked and uncracked concrete and masonry
• For use in exterior and most corrosive environments
• Available in 1/4", 3/8", 1/2", 5/8" and 3/4" diameters and multiple lengths (2" to 8 1/2")
• Serrated carbon-steel threads at the cutting tip, minimizing potential corrosion
damage to the concrete or masonry

For more information on anchoring to concrete, go to

[Link] or refer to the following literature:
• Anchoring ZMAX® post bases with the stainless-steel Titen HD, see L-PBTHDSS

Anchoring Adhesives
Anchoring adhesives are ideal when maximum strength is needed. These products are available in a variety
of cartridge sizes, including convenient single-tube cartridges. Hot-dip galvanized or stainless-steel threaded
rod recommended.

Cracked Cracked Cracked

Concrete Concrete
SET-3G™ CODE LISTED SET-XP® CODE LISTED AT-XP® Concrete
CODE LISTED

High-Strength High-Strength High-Strength,

Epoxy Adhesive Epoxy Adhesive Fast-Cure, All-Weather
• For threaded rod and • For threaded rod and Acrylic Adhesive
rebar rebar • For threaded rod and
• Install in dry, water • Install in dry or water- rebar
saturated, submerged saturated concrete with • Can be used in cold
or water-filled holes temperatures between temperatures as low
in base materials with 50°F and 110°F as 0°F
temperatures between
40°F and 100°F

For more information on these products, see the Simpson Strong-Tie Anchoring, Fastening, Restoration and Strengthening Systems for
Concrete and Masonry catalog or visit [Link]/anchors.

20 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Beam Assemblies and Beam-to-Post Connections

Multi-Ply Beam Assemblies Building Code

For multi-ply beam assemblies, the Strong-Tie® SDWS Framing screw can be used as an Requirements
alternative to 10d (0.128" x 3") box nails, when installed in the following configuration using
• Deck beams shall be fastened
16" o.c. spacing.
together with two rows of
10d (0.128" x 3") box nails
Built-up
2x Girders minimum at 16" o.c. along
and Beams each edge.
(Face Screw) SDWS FRAMING (SDWS16) IRC 2018/ 2021 Section R507.5
IBC 2018 Section 2304.10.1
IBC 2021 Section 2304.10.2

• Deck beams shall be attached

SDWS16212 Screw,
staggered in two rows*
to wood posts in accordance
Spacing
with Figures R507.5.1(1)
and R507.5.1(2), or by other
equivalent means capable to
16-30 16-30 16-30 16-30

resist lateral displacement.

IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.5.2
16-30 16-30 16-30 16-30

Beam Assembly Detail*

*Fastening pattern shown applies to each ply of the built-up 2x beam.

Beam-to-Post Connections
At the point where a beam meets a post, it must be properly connected to the post in order to resist gravity, lateral
and uplift loads. This pertains to solid sawn beams or those comprised of multiple members, whether they rest on
top or are fastened to the side of the post.

Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions

W22

W22 312

312

W22

312

W22

312

BC/BCS Post Cap LCE/AC Post Caps DJT Deck Joist Tie and
BC: For single-member solid sawn beams. Two-piece cap should be installed in pairs Outdoor Accents® APDJT2-6
BCS: Connects double 2x’s to a 4x post or before or after lumber is in place when the sides Deck Joist Tie ZMAX (APDJT with
triple 2x’s to a 6x post. ZMAX® coating or of the post and beam are flush. ZMAX coating black powder coat).
stainless steel recommended. or stainless steel recommended.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 21
 Beam-to-Post Connections

Building Code
Requirements
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions ®

• Deck beams shall be attached

to wood posts in accordance
with Figures R507.5.1(1)
and R507.5.1(2), or by other
equivalent means capable to
resist lateral displacement.
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.5.2
LPCZ Post Cap PCZ/EPCZ Post Caps
Two-piece cap adjusts for beams smaller Connects beams at the top of the post. Features
• Where posts and beam or
than post width. Features a ZMAX® coating. ZMAX coating. Installation without shims, similar.
girder construction is used to
support floor framing, positive
connections shall be provided
to ensure against uplift and
S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

lateral displacement.
S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

SIMP
S2.5

Stro SON
S2.5

ng-Ti ®
CCQ4 e
S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

IRC 2018 /2021 Section R502.9

S2.5
S2.5

S2.5

IBC 2018 Section 2304.10.7 S2.5

IBC 2021 Section 2304.10.8

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5

S2.5
S2.5

S2.5

CBTZ Concealed Beam Tie CCQ/ECCQ Beam-to-Post Connections

Provides clean look for beam-to- Provides a strong connection for column-beam combinations.
post connections. ZMAX coating. (HDG or stainless steel)
The following are alternative connections for select beam-to-post assemblies.
Beam-to-Post Connection

WS22

WS22

Beam-to-Notched Post, Non-Spliced RTC44Z LCE4

Uses Strong-Drive® SDWS Timber or Provides for a mitered beam-to-post Provides for a mitered beam-to-post
Timber SS screws* corner. ZMAX coating. corner. ZMAX coating or stainless steel.

WS22

2712

2712

2712

2712

WS22

Continuous Beam Mitered Beam Alternative Diagonal KBS1Z

over 6x Post over 6x Corner Post Bracing Connects diagonal bracing to
Uses Strong-Drive SDWS Uses Strong-Drive SDWS Uses Strong-Drive SDWS beams and columns. ZMAX
Timber screws Timber screws Timber, SDWS Timber SS coating. (If using an MPB, diagonal
or SDWH Timber-Hex HDG bracing may not be necessary.
screws* Contact a design professional for
additional information.)
*For more information, see engineering letter L-F-DCA6SCREW.

22 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Ledger Connections
Vertical Ledger Support at Structures Band/Rim Joist
One of the most common causes for deck failure is ledgers that pull away from the primary Building Code
structure, resulting in complete collapse. Requirements
The Simpson Strong-Tie® Strong-Drive® SDWS Timber, SDWS Timber SS and SDWH • Where supported by
Timber-Hex structural wood screws provide an easy-to-install, high-strength alternative to attachment to an exterior
lag screws and through-bolts. They are ideal for securely attaching ledgers to structural wall, decks shall be positively
wood members and are easier to drive than comparable fasteners. They don't require anchored to the primary
predrilling like lag screws do and are available in stainless steel or coated for many exterior structure and designed for
and preservative-treated wood applications. both vertical and lateral loads.
Such attachment shall not
be accomplished by the use
of toenails or nails subject to
withdrawal.
IRC 2018/ 2021 Section R507.8
IBC 2018/ 2021 Section 1604.8.3

• Deck ledgers shall not be

supported on stone or masonry
veneer.
IRC 2018/2021 Section R507.9.1.1
Ledger may not be installed over siding or stucco. It must be fastened directly to the
structural rim board, or fastened to the structural rim board through the sheathing. • 1/2" lag screws and 1/2" bolts
may be used for a ledger to
Strong-Drive Structural Wood Screw band joist, to support a live
or snow load of 40 psf (IRC
2021 allowing up to a 70 psf
SDWS TIMBER Screw snow load) and a dead load
of 10 psf.
IRC 2018/ 2021 Table
0.75" 0.220"
R507.9.1.3(1)

• Deck ledger connections

SDWS TIMBER SS Screw to band joists shall be in
(Type 316 stainless steel) accordance with this section.
4

0.65" 0.276"
For other grades, species,
connection details and loading
conditions, deck ledger
connections shall be designed
SDWH TIMBER-HEX Screw in accordance with IRC
Section R301.
0.64" 0.195"
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.9.1
For more information on Strong-Drive screws, refer to p. 38. Additional ledger fastening
options include the SDS Heavy-Duty Connector screw and SDWH Timber-Hex HDG screw. • Vertical and lateral supports at
band joist. Vertical and lateral
Wood structural support for decks shall follow
Ledger fastener spacing may be
Exterior cladding, panel sheathing
1⁄ 2"
this section.
offset up to 3" to avoid interference
flashing and other max. thickness
fasteners not shown fastened per code with joist attachment
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.9
for clarity 11⁄2" to 2" from
Rim board
per table top of ledger and rim board

Floor SDWS Timber screws

joist or staggered vertically; 3" minimum
blocking spaced in accordance row spacing,
with table
Refer to [Link] and the Fastening Systems Technical Guide for more
6" maximum
information on fastening ledgers to band joists, as well as the following:
• Ledgers to band joist through foam1sheathing
1⁄ 2" to 2" from
2x deck bottom of ledger
ledger shown • Ledgers to band
6" from joist
On-centre withofa 1/2" gap and
spacing behind the ledger
rim board
(double 2x end of ledger SDWS Timber screws
ledger similar) • Ledgers to wall studs
• Information for double 2x ledgers

Ledger-to-Rim Board Assembly

Ledger-to-Band Joist Assembly
(Wood-framed lower floor acceptable,
concrete wall shown for illustration purposes)
F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 23
 Ledger Connections

Vertical Ledger Support at Band Joist Through Brick Veneer

BVLZ Brick Veneer Ledger Connector
The BVLZ brick veneer ledger connector provides a code-compliant, tested solution for
safely adding a deck to an existing house with masonry veneer exterior. It attaches a wood
ledger to the framing through the veneer, without loading the veneer as prohibited by the
building code. This connector kit provides a viable alternative to building a freestanding
deck, and it installs without having to remove or replace large sections of masonry veneer.
The BVLZ brick veneer ledger connector kit includes a steel ledger plate, a compression
strut, installation guide (included in 4-pack kit only), two 14" Strong-Drive® SDWH Timber-
Hex HDG tension screws and six Strong-Drive SD Connector shear screws. It's designed
so the two tension screws pass through the mortar into the structural framing, and the
Airspace
compression strut transfers compression forces from the ledger plate to the rim joist. The
system enables the ledger to be supported without bearing on the brick veneer.

Perpendicular
to rim board
interior floor joist Joist hanger
ole ers not shown
ep h sten for clarity
We ith fa
w
not fill
Do
"
5⅝
le
t ho
Pilo 6"
39⁄1 40°
CL

1" min.
1¾" max. for 2x10 rim
3¾" max. for 2x12 rim

8" 2x rim

9 ½"
Wood structural
BVLZ panel sheathing
Ledger Plate where occurs

Gap:
4¾" – 6¼"

Typical BVLZ Installation

6"
45⁄1
Ø 3⅓2"

6"
99⁄1
BVLZ
Compression Strut 915

915
915
915

915

915

915

14"
14"

915

915

915

5 1/2"
5½"

915

915

Strong-Drive SDWH
Timber-Hex HDG Screw
(included)
Strong-Drive SD
Connector Screw Typical BVLZ Installation
(included)
For more information on ledger attachment, see Wood Construction Connectors catalog or [Link]/bvlz.

24 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Ledger Connections

Vertical Ledger Support at Concrete or Grout-Filled CMU

Titen HD® SS Stainless-Steel Anchor
The Simpson Strong-Tie® Stainless Steel Titen HD (THDSS) (see p. 20), may be used to attach a deck ledger
(2x8 minimum) to either a concrete or grout-filled concrete masonry unit (GFCMU) wall in accordance with the
International Residential Code (IRC). For more information, refer to L-A-THDSSLDGR for concrete walls, and
L-A-LDGRGFCMU for GFCMU walls. The anchor is available in either Type 304 or Type 316 stainless steel.
6¼" min.

2" min. from 2" min. from top of ledger

top of
concrete 316SS

3" min.
THDSS screw 5" max.
anchors stagger
316SS 316SS

vertically spaced in
accordance with table
2" min. from
Concrete bottom of ledger
wall 4" to 8" from end of On-center
ledger (not to exceed spacing of
Deck ½ of table spacing) THDSS per table
ledger
THDSS Screw Anchor Spacing Detail for Ledgers
Note: Reference L-A-THDSSLDGR for spacing information.
Ledger-to-Concrete Wall Attachment
1¼" min. from vertical
Deck ledger head joint (typ.)

8" min. from top of 11" min.

GFCMU wall from top
of wall to
end
THDSS screw anchors anchor
stagger vertically spaced
in accordance with table

8" min. grout-filled CMU

8" min. from

end of wall

Ledger-to-GFCMU Wall Attachment (Condition 1)

Note: Reference L-A-LDGRGFCMU for spacing information.

Deck ledger 1¼" min. from vertical

4" min. from top of head joint (typ.)
GFCMU wall

THDSS screw anchors

stagger vertically spaced
in accordance with table

4" min. from

end of wall
8" min. grout-filled CMU

Ledger-to-GFCMU Wall Attachment (Condition 2)

Note: Reference L-A-LDFRGFCMU for spacing information.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 25
 Lateral Connection to Primary Structure

Building Code
Requirements
Lateral Support at Band Joist
For decks that are partially supported by an adjacent structure (such as a house), the
• The deck shall be positively connection between the deck and that structure is vital. A bolted or screwed ledger-to-rim
anchored to the primary board connection is suitable to support gravity loads; however, in some cases the building
structure and designed for codes require a connection that is able to resist lateral loads. In these situations, tension
both vertical and lateral loads. ties are typically called out to tie the joists of the deck directly to the structure.
Such attachment shall not DTT deck tension ties are a safe, cost-effective solution designed to meet or exceed lateral-
be accomplished by the use load code requirements for deck construction.
of toenails or nails subject to
withdrawal. DTT1Z satisfies the 2018 /2021 IRC provision for a 750 lb. lateral-load connection to the
house at four locations per deck. This code detail permits the lateral connection from the
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.8,
deck joists to be made to top plates, studs or headers within the supporting structure.
R507.9
DTT2 can be used to satisfy the 2018 /2021 IRC provision for a 1,500 lb. lateral-load
• Where the lateral-load connection at two locations per deck.
connection is permitted
to be installed per Figure
R507.9.2(1), holdown tension
devices shall be installed in
not less than two locations
per deck, within 24 inches (6) #9 x 1½" SD
screws (shown) or
of each end of the deck, (8) 0.148" x 1½" nails
and have an allowable stress
3⁄8" HDG lag screw
design capacity not less than
with HDG washer or
1,500 lb. SDWH Timber-Hex
HDG screw (shown)
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.9.2 into top plate, studs,
or header
• Where the lateral-load DTT1Z kit includes
connections are provided DTT1Z Strong-Drive SDWH
in accordance with Figure Timber-Hex HDG and
3" min. thread SD Connector Screws
R507.9.2(2), the holdown penetration
devices shall be started within
24 inches of each end of the DTT1Z Deck Tension Tie
deck and have an allowable US Patent 10,865,588B2
IRC 2018 /2021 Figure R507.9.2(2)
stress design capacity of Typical DTT1Z Deck-to-House
not less than 750 lb. Note: Lateral-Load Connection
a minimum of four holdowns
are required evenly distributed Floor sheathing
along the deck in this 1⁄2"
diameter nailed at 6" max.
configuration. HDG threaded on-center to joist
rod with nuts with holdown
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.9.2 and washers
Continuous flashing
(per code), not shown

2"

Floor joist Deck DTT2Z

(Solid 2x joist or joist
2x blocking)

DTT2 Deck Tension Tie IRC 2018 /2021 Figure R507.9.2(1)

(available in ZMAX® and stainless steel) Typical DTT2 Deck-to-House
US Patent 8,555,580B2 Lateral-Load Connection

For more information on lateral-load connections, refer to Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-DECKLAT at [Link].

26 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Joists Terminating into Beam/Ledger

When joists terminate into a beam or ledger, a connection is required to provide bearing. The connection must also resist uplift.

Simpson Strong‑Tie® Solutions

HUS/LUS Joist Hanger HUC/LUC Concealed Flange Joist Hanger

Provides bearing and uplift resistance, features double-shear nailing Provides bearing and uplift resistance, concealed
for added strength. Available in ZMAX® and Type 316 stainless steel. flanges for cleaner look and for end conditions.
(LUS shown) Available in ZMAX and Type 316 stainless steel.
(LUC shown)

1015
WS22

312

WS22

1015
312

WS22

312

1015

APLH Outdoor Accents® Light Joist Hanger APHH Outdoor Accents Heavy Joist Hanger
Provides bearing and uplift resistance, concealed flanges for Provides bearing and uplift resistance, concealed flanges for
cleaner look and end conditions. ZMAX with black powder coating. cleaner look and end conditions. ZMAX with black powder coating.
Uses black SD10112DDBB fasteners. Uses STN22 washer and SDWS22312DBB fasteners.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 27
 Joists Terminating into Beam/Ledger

Building Code
Requirements
Bearing
• The ends of each joist, beam
or girder shall have at least
1½" of bearing on wood or
metal.
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.6.1
IBC 2018/ 2021
Section 2308.4.2.2

• Joists framing into the side of

a ledger board or beam shall
be supported by approved
joist hangers.
SUR/SUL Skewed Joist Hanger
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.6.1
45° skewed hanger (available in skewed
right and left versions) provides bearing
Cantilevered Applications and uplift resistance. ZMAX® coating or
• Decks with cantilevered stainless steel required.
framing members,
connections to exterior walls
or other framing members
shall be designed and
constructed to resist uplift
LSSJ28LZ

resulting from the full live load

acting on the cantilevered
Strong-Tie ®

portion of the deck.

SIMPSON

IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.8

IBC 2018 /2021 Section 1604.8.3
U.S. PAT. PENDING

[Link]/info
Use & Warning:

LSSJZ LSSRZ
LSSJ models are available for LSSR models are available for single
single 2x lumber and come in left 2x and other solid sawn lumber sizes.
and right hand versions. Patent Pending

LSSR/LSSJ Field-Skewable Joist Hanger

LSSR field skewable right or left up to 45° (order LSSJ in left or right
skews). These hangers provide bearing and uplift resistance. Also
field slopeable up or down to 45°. Available with a ZMAX coating.

Hanger Hanger
installed installed
after rafter on joist or
is tacked header before
in place rafter is installed
0 – 45°

Typical LSSJRZ Installation Typical LSSR Installation Alternate LSSR Installation

(bevel cut required) (compound miter cut) (plumb cut)

28 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Joists Bearing on a Beam

At the point where the joist bears on top of a beam, there must be a connection to resist Building Code
lateral and uplift forces. Blocking or framing is also required to prevent rotation of the joists. Requirements
• Where posts and beam or
girder construction is used to
support floor framing, positive
connections shall be provided
to ensure against uplift and
lateral displacement.
IRC 2018 / 2021 Section R502.9
IBC 2018 Section 2304.10.7
IBC 2021 Section 2304.10.8

• Joist ends and bearing

locations shall be provided
with lateral restraint to prevent
rotation.
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.6.2
IBC 2018 /2021
Section 2308.4.2.3

• Joists bearing on top of

a single-ply beam or ledger
shall be attached by a
mechanical connector. Joists
bearing on top of a multi-
ply beam or ledger shall be
fastened in accordance with
Table R602.3(1).
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.6.1

®
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions

LINE
PLAT
E

PLATE
LINE

HTSQ Twist Strap H1Z Hurricane Tie H2.5A Hurricane Tie

Designed to resist uplift for Holds joist on Suitable for single-sided
decks and beams. Available in both sides. Features applications. Available in ZMAX
ZMAX® and stainless steel. ZMAX coating. and stainless steel.
(MTS connector similar)

Simpson Strong-Tie offers a full range of hurricane ties for all types of applications and load requirements. See the Simpson Strong-Tie
Wood Construction Connectors catalog for more information.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 29
 Guard Post to Deck Framing

The guard post connection is a crucial connection pertaining to deck safety and is often inadequately
constructed. In order to provide the required load resistance at the guard, the post must not only be fastened
to the rim joist, but also tied back into the joist framing. Machine bolts through the post and rim joist alone do
not typically meet the performance requirements of the code. The details on pp. 30–33 have been shown
through testing or analysis to resist the required 200 lb. concentrated load (or load of 50 lb. per linear foot per
IBC when guardrail spacings do not exceed 48") applied in an outward direction for maximum guard heights
of 36" and 42" above the deck surface.

Note: Guardrail infill not

shown for clarity.
Internal Guard Post Installation
Refer to pp. 31–32 for
Guard Post to Deck
Framing.
Refer to pp. 34–35 for
Guardrail Infill
Component Connections.

LIN
PL E
AT

PLATE
LINE

For more information on this application, see Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-GRDRLPST.

30 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Guard Post to Deck Framing — Holdown Details

®
Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions Building Code
Requirements
For 36"-Tall Guard Posts
When required
• Guards shall be located along
open-sided walking surfaces,
including floors, stairs, ramps
and landings, that are located
DTT2 more than 30" measured
to joist layout vertically to the floor or grade
below at any point within 36"
horizontally to the edge of the
open side.
IRC 2018/ 2021 Section R312.1.1
IBC 2018/ 2021 Section 1015.2
2x8 (min.)
2x8 (min.) deck joists Height
DTT2 blocking • Guards shall be a minimum of
to blocking 36" tall (IRC) or up to 42" tall
layout for certain occupancies (IBC).
IRC 2018/ 2021 Section R312.1.2
DTT2 Deck Tension Tie IBC 2018/ 2021 Section 1015.3
(available with ZMAX® Load Resistance
coating or in stainless steel,
• Guards and handrails shall
incudes SDS Heavy-Duty
be able to resist a single
Connector screws)
concentrated load of 200 lb.,
US Patent 8,555,580B2
applied in any direction at any
point along the top. (IRC 2021
simplifies the load direction
DTT2 Attachment of Guardrail to downward and horizontally
SDS Heavy-Duty outward for the top of a guard
Connector Screw Post Outside Rim/Joist
not required to serve as a
handrail).
IRC 2018 /2021 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1.1
IBC 2021 Section 1607.9.1.1
Detail A
Rim joist DTT2 to joist layout • Handrails and guards shall
be designed to resist a load
of 50 lb. per linear foot.
Deck joists
Band joist IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1
IBC 2021 Section 1607.9.1
(not required for one- and
Detail B two-family dwellings)
DTT2 to
blocking • Guardrail infill components
layout shall withstand a horizontal
Blocking
Blocking
load of 50 lb. over an area of
one square foot.
IRC 2018 /2021 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1.2
IBC 2021 Section 1607.9.1.2
Blocking Opening Limitations
• Required guardrail infill shall
not have an opening that
allows passage of a sphere
DTT2 Attachment of Guardrail 4" in diameter.
Post Inside Rim/Joist
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R312.1.3
IBC 2018 /2021 Section 1015.4

For more information on connecting posts inside the rim joist using the DTT2 or HTT4, see Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-GRDRLPST.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 31
 Guard Post to Deck Framing — Holdown Details

For 42"-Tall (maximum) Guard Posts

Note: The DTT2 may also be used to secure
42" guard posts with 2x10 (min.) deck joists.

HTT4
to joist layout

2x8 (min.)
2x8 (min.) deck joists
HTT4 blocking
to blocking
layout

HTT4 Tension Tie

Also available with hot-
dip galvanized coating.

HTT4 Attachment of Guardrail

Post Outside Rim/Joist

Strong-Drive® SD Connector Screw

HTT4 to joist
Rim joist layout

Band Deck joists

joist
Blocking

HTT4 to joist Blocking

layout

Blocking
ATR All Threaded Rod/
RFB Retrofit Bolt
Available with hot-dip galvanized coating
HTT4 Attachment of Guardrail or in Type 316 stainless steel.
Post Inside Rim/Joist
(not all fastening for joists and blocking shown for clarity)

For more information on connecting posts inside the rim joist using the DTT2 or HTT4, see Simpson Strong-Tie technical bulletin T-C-GRDRLPST.

32 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Guard Post to Deck Framing — Fastener Details

For 36"- and 42"-Tall Guard Posts

As an alternative code-compliant solution for attaching wood guard posts without the use of typical hardware
and through-bolts, the guard posts and the framing elements can be fastened with Strong-Drive® SDWS Timber
screws. The SDWS Timber screws are code report listed in IAPMO UES ER-192. The solutions below have
been tested and verified for 36"-tall guard posts constructed with DFL, HF and SP framing. These solutions
have also been tested and verified for 42"-tall guard posts constructed with DFL and SP framing only. For more
information, please refer to Fastening Systems Technical Guide.

0.220"

0.75"

Strong-Drive SDWS TIMBER Screw

(5": SDWS22500DB, 8": SDWS22800DB) US Patent 9,523,383

Note: For this installation, only SDWS22500DB

and SDWS22800DB fasteners are to be used
and installed per Simpson Strong-Tie details.
Test results have shown that generic fasteners
do not provide sufficient withdrawal resistance,
pull-through resistance or shear strength.

Internal Guard Post Installations Using

Strong-Drive SDWS Timber Screws

4x4 post
4x4 blocking Deck joist
5"

8"
8"

5"

Band joist
(nominal 2x8) SDWS22800DB,
designated as SDWS22500DB,
8" throughout designated as
5" throughout

4x4 blocking 2x blocking typ.

4x4 post 4x4 post 4x4 post

8" 8" 5" 5" 5" 5"

8" 8" 8" 8" 8" 8"

Rim joist
(nominal 2x8)

Plan View Showing Details of Four Connections Using Strong-Drive SDWS Timber Screws
(other connection hardware not shown for clarity)

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 33
 Guardrail Infill Component Connections

IRC code-compliant fastener solutions for guardrail-

to-post and baluster-to-rail assemblies use Strong-
Drive® SDWS Framing screws, Deck-Drive™ DSV
Wood screws and Deck-Drive DWP Wood SS screws,
as described in this section. The indicated fastening
does not replace the required connections to rim or
ledger. For more information, please refer to Fastening
Systems Technical Guide.

0.450"
3"

Strong-Drive SDWS FRAMING Screw

Overall Perspective US Patent 9,523,383
View of Deck with
Guardrail and Balusters 0.333"
2½"
Deck-Drive DSV WOOD Screw

0.340"

Guardrail Installations 2½"

IRC Code-Compliant Guardrail Connection Details Deck-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw

Installation scope:
• Maximum guard post spacing of 6'
• Nominal lumber 2x4 top and bottom guardrail (AWC)
• Nominal lumber 4x4 guard post
• SPF, HF, DF, or SP lumber wood species for 36" guard post
• DF or SP lumber wood species for 42" guard post

ax. Detail A
6' ming
c
spa p.)
Detail B (ty 2x4 top rail (typ.)

Detail A: Rail-to-Post
Perspective View

4x4
preservative-treated
lumber guard post
For internal guard post installations
using Strong-Drive SDWS Timber screws,
refer to previous page.

Overall Perspective View of Deck

Detail B: Perspective View

34 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Guardrail Infill Component Connections

Baluster Installations 2x4 top rail (typ.)

Building Code
an 4
" Requirements
th
Less
Detail A Load Resistance
4x4
preservative- • Guardrail infill components
treated guard post shall withstand a horizontal
load of 50 lb. over an area of
one square foot.
2x2 baluster (typ.)
IRC 2018 /2021 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Section 1607.8.1.2
.
min IBC 2021 Section 1607.9.1.2
36"
Opening Limitations
2x4 bottom rail (typ.) • Required guardrail infill shall
not have an opening that
For internal guard post installations allows passage of a sphere 4"
ax. using Strong-Drive® SDWS Timber in diameter.
4" m screws, refer to p. 33.
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R312.1.3
IBC 2018 /2021 Section 1015.4
Overall Perspective View of Deck with Baluster Detail

Code-Compliant Baluster
0.44"
Connection Details
2½"

Installation scope: Strong-Drive SDWS FRAMING Screw

• Maximum guard post spacing of 6' US Patent 9,523,383

• Nominal 2x4 top and bottom guardrail (AWC)

0.33"
• Nominal lumber 4x4 guard post 2½"
Deck-Drive™ DSV WOOD Screw
• SPF, HF, DF, or SP lumber wood species for 36"
guard post
0.34"
• DF or SP lumber wood species for 42" guard post
2½"

Deck-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw

Detail A: Baluster Plan View

(SDWS16212 listed, DSVT212,
S08250WP similar)
Less
than 4"
SDWS16212

⅞" min.
Detail A: Baluster
⅜" min.
Elevation View (Side)
(SDWS16212 listed, DSVT212,
2x2 baluster
2x4 rail S08250WP similar)

SDWS16212
1. Fasten screws into 2x2 baluster,
on center, 7/8" from each end of
baluster into 2x4 top and bottom Baluster Perspective View
rails with SDWS16212 screws.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 35
 Stair Stringers and Treads

Building Code Stair stringers must be properly connected to the deck, and treads properly connected to the
Requirements stringers, in order to resist loads. In addition, code requirements regarding openings between
stair treads and stair railing must also be met.
Stair Stringer to Rim Joist
• Stairs must be able to resist
40 lb. per square foot of tread
area in one and two family
dwellings. All other stairs under
IBC require a design to 1.5
times the live load for the area
served, not to exceed 100 psf.
IRC 2018/ 2021 Table R301.5
IBC 2018/ 2021 Table 1607.1

Stair Tread to Stringer

• Individual stair treads shall
be able to resist a 300 lb.
concentrated load acting over
an area of 2" x 2".
IRC 2018/ 2021 Table R301.5
IBC 2018 Table 1607.1
IBC 2021 Table 1607.1
Section 1607.21

Guard Opening Limitations

• The triangular opening formed
by the riser, tread and bottom
®
rail of a guard at the open Simpson Strong‑Tie Solutions
side of a stairway shall be of
such a size that a sphere 6" in Rim board

diameter cannot pass through. 12" maxim

um
IRC 2018/ 2021 Section R312.1.3 43⁄8"
IBC 2018/ 2021 Section 1015.4 Dia.
41⁄8" m
Support top of in. to
framing LSC
Additional Exception: Openings for 31⁄2"
min.
required guards on the open side
of stairs shall not allow a sphere
4 3/8" in diameter to pass through.
For IBC, exception is only valid for
individual dwelling units in Group
R-2 and R-3 occupancies.
IRC 2018/ 2021 Section R312.1.3
ICB 2018 /2021 Section 1015.4 LSC Adjustable/LSC Cantilever Stair
Stringer Connector
Field slopable to almost any angle, the LSC is ideal for attaching
the staircase stringer to the deck. Suitable for solid and notched Codes require that a 4 3/8" sphere
stringers. Available in ZMAX® and Type 316 stainless steel. For must not be able to pass between
information regarding notched stringer attachment to full-width any guard opening at stairs.
stringers, see L-F-DCA6SCREW.

TA Tread Angle
Provides a positive connection,
eliminating the need to notch the
stringer. A full-width stringer is
stronger and makes it easier to
meet maximum guardrail opening
requirements of the codes. ZMAX
coating or stainless steel required.
SDS Heavy-Duty Connector Screw LSCZ/LSCSS
(Included in TA9ZKT and TA10ZKT kits)

36 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Performance
Fasteners
for Decks
 Structural Wood Fastening

Structural Wood-to-Wood and Engineered Wood Connections

Simpson Strong-Tie® Strong-Drive® structural screws make high-strength wood-to-wood and engineered wood connections easier
and stronger. Designed for both ease of installation and superior strength, these versatile screws are a time-saving alternative to
multiple smaller fasteners, lag screws or bolts that require predrilling.

Strong-Drive SDWS FRAMING, SDWS TIMBER and SDWH TIMBER-HEX Structural Wood Screw
The Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SDWS Timber, SDWH Timber-Hex and SDWH Timber-Hex HDG wood screws are designed to provide an
easy-to-install, high-strength alternative to through-bolting and traditional lag screws. These structural screws are ideal for the contractor and
do-it-yourselfer alike, and are available in materials and coatings for various levels of corrosion resistance to match your installation environment.

Features:
• Bold thread design that provides superior holding power • Patented SawTooth® points (US Patent 9,523,383) that ensure fast
• Quik Guard®, double-barrier coating (SDWS and SDWH) and hot-dip starts, reduce installation torque and eliminate the need for predrilling
galvanized (SDWH HDG) in most applications
• Large washer head provides maximum bearing area • Underhead nibs that offer greater installer control when seating the head
Codes/Standards: IAPMO UES ER-192

SDWS TIMBER (SDWS22) SDWH TIMBER-HEX HDG

(SDWH27HDG)

SDWS FRAMING (SDWS16) SDWH TIMBER-HEX (SDWH19)

Strong-Drive SDWS TIMBER SS Screw

The Strong-Drive SDWS Timber SS structural fastener, in severe corrosion–resistant Type 316 stainless steel, has a 0.276"-diameter shank,
SawTooth point and flat washer head, and is designed as a lag screw replacement in applications where severe corrosion resistance is critical.

Features:
• Patented SawTooth point for fast starts and less driving torque — • Deep T50, 6-lobe recess for secure driving
without predrilling • Type 316 stainless steel provides corrosion resistance even in
• Large 0.650"-diameter flat washer head with nibs provides load-bearing severe conditions
area and seats flush with surface • Mid-shaft knurl aids in torque reduction
5

SDWS SS (SDWS27SS)

Structural Connector Screws

Strong-Drive SDS HEAVY-DUTY CONNECTOR Screw
The Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SDS Heavy-Duty Connector screw is a 1/4"-diameter high-strength structural screw ideal for various
connector installations as well as wood-to-wood and engineered wood applications.

Features:
• Available with a double-barrier coating or in Type 316 stainless steel • Type 17 points enable easy driving with no predrilling and minimal splitting
• Double-barrier coating provides corrosion resistance equivalent to • Head is stamped with the Simpson Strong-Tie “=/” sign and fastener
hot-dip galvanization length for easy identification after installation
Codes/Standards: ICC-ES ESR-2236

SDS Double-barrier (SDS25) SDS SS (SDS25SS)

Strong-Drive SD CONNECTOR Screw

Strong-Drive SD Connector and SD Connector SS Screws. These #9 and #10 hex-head fasteners are available in 1 1/2" and 2 1/2" lengths for various
connector installations and can replace 10d and 16d common nails. Please see the Fastening Systems Technical Guide for a list of connectors
approved for use with the SD Connector screws.

Features:
• Available in mechanically-galvanized coating and Type 316 stainless steel • Tested and approved for use in many Simpson Strong-Tie connectors

925

SD Mechanically Galvanized (SD925) SD SS (SD925SS)

38 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Screws for Decking

Simpson Strong-Tie offers a variety of premium solutions for fastening wood, PVC or Building Code
composite decking. Our fasteners are designed specifically to perform in their target Requirements
decking material, and many of our fasteners are available in colors to provide a fastening
• Wood decking shall be
solution that blends with the deck surface.
attached to each supporting
member with not less than
Stainless-Steel Screws (2) 8d threaded nails or
(2) No. 8 wood screws.
Deck-Drive™ DWP WOOD SS Screw Trim-Head Screw — 6-Lobe Drive IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.7
For the majority of wood deck boards For wood decking and PVC decking materials
(#8, 9 and 10 sizes)
Experience has shown that
#7 stainless steel screws are
acceptable for face screw
fastening of wood and
Strong-Drive® DWP WOOD SS Screw Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE SS composite deck boards.
For structual applications on decks Screw Fastening for composite decking
(#12 and #14 sizes) For composite decking or using concealed fasteners:

IRC 2018/2021 Section R507.2.2.5

Also available with color-matching painted heads IBC 2018 /2021 Section 2612.6
Bugle-Head Wood Screw
For all types of wood decking including cedar, Deck-Drive DHPD HARDWOOD Wood Plastic Composite
redwood and preservative-treated woods Screw deck boards shall be installed
(non-hardwood). Bugle-Head Wood screws are For hardwood decking materials in accordance with the
available in both square and 6-lobe drive recesses. manufacturer’s instructions and
shall comply with the requirements
of ASTM D7032 Section 5.5
Mechanical Fastener Holding
Tests for the use of concealed
Exterior-Grade Screws clips. Simpson Strong-Tie
recommends consulting with the
Deck-Drive DSV WOOD Screw Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE Screw decking manufacturer for their
For preservative-treated wood. For composite decking recommendations.
US Patent 9,482,258

Available in a variety of color-matching painted

options. See p. 40.

Load-Rated Deck Board Fasteners Stainless-steel connectors

are also available for high and
severe exposure environments
Strong-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE Screw
or applications using certain
Sizes: #10, #12 and #14. For wood in high and For composite/PVC decking. For more
preservative-treated woods.
severe corrosion environments. See Fastening information, see L-F-DCUUPLIFT.
See pp. 49–50 for more detail.
Systems Technical Guide for more information.

Available in a variety of color-matching painted

options. See p. 40.

Deck-Drive DSV WOOD Screw

Size: #10. For preservative-treated decking
applications in medium corrosion environments.
For more information, see L-F-DSVCSV21.
US Patent 9,482,258

For more information on fasteners, please see our Fastening Systems catalog at [Link].

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 39
 Color-Match Fasteners for Composite and PVC Decking

Decking Meets Its Match

Simpson Strong-Tie® color-matched hand-drive and collated fasteners are available in a color palette
specifically formulated to match a wide range of the most popular decking systems and are designed to
blend into the decking material.

Trim-Head PVC Decking: Azek, TimberTech, Trex, Veka Deck

Composite or Encapsulated Decking: ChoiceDek, Evergrain, Fiberon, MoistureShield, TimberTech, Trex

For more information on Simpson Strong-Tie color-match fasteners, please refer to [Link]/colormatchingguide.
AZEK, ChoiceDek, Evergrain, Fiberon, MoistureShield, TimberTech and VekaDeck are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective holders. Trex and Trex Escapes are registered trademarks of Trex Company, Inc. Brown 01 Brown 05

Composite or Encapsulated Composite Decking Gray Gray 01

Deck-Drive™ DCU COMPOSITE Screw Gray 04 Red

• Cap head to reduce mushrooming and conceal installation
• Available in colors to match popular composite deck boards Red 01 Tan
• Available with Quik Guard® coating and stainless steel
• For more information, see our Fastening Systems catalog at [Link]
Tan 01 Tan 02

Tan 03

Deck-Drive DCU Screw Plugs

Deck-Drive DCU screw plugs provide a means of concealing the Deck-Drive DCU
Composite screw heads used to fasten PVC and composite deck boards. The DCU
screw plug solution can be ordered to color-match the deck boards, and comes with
countersinking driver bits for hand drive, as well as for Quik Drive® auto-feed screw
driving systems.
• For PVC and composite decks and trim boards
• Made from major manufacturer deck and trim boards

PVC Decking Fasteners

Trim-Head Screw, Stainless Steel, 6-Lobe Drive
• Trim-style head reduces appearance of installed fasteners on deck surface
• Available in colors formulated to match popular PVC deck systems

PVC and Composite Fascia Fastening

Fascia-Fastening Solution™
To properly install color-matched fasteners into a composite or PVC fascia board, proper fastener
spacing and counter-boring is necessary. The Fascia-Fastening Solution provides the means to
accomplish this for a professional finish.
• Type 316 stainless steel, color-matching fasteners for 1/2"-3/4" thick fascia boards
• Installs easily with the fascia counterbore bit and T20 6-lobe bit

Deck-Drive DCU Composite screws are approved by Trex for Trex 1" x 6" and 2" x 6" composite decking.

40 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Hidden Deck Fastening

EB-TY Premium Hidden

®

Deck-Fastening System™
For wood decks including exotic hardwoods,
redwood and cedar

The EB-TY Premium Hidden Deck-Fastening System is the

ideal solution that blends strength with ease of installation
in a fastener that won't detract from the deck’s finished
appearance. EB-TY Premium integrates a Type 300 series
stainless-steel reinforcing plate into its connection biscuit.
The plate adds stiffness to hold boards in place securely, yet
maintains flexibility when seasonal contraction and expansion
occur. The EB-GUIDE predrilling tool helps install EB-TY
Premium with precision and ease. Ipê wood plugs included.
Features:
• Provides greater holding power and increased pullover
resistance
• Type 300 series stainless-steel plate ensures lasting Fasten one side of the first
durability in demanding environments deck board using screws
Drill pilot hole using and plugs as provided
• Prevents over-driving of the screw, helping to ensure ⅛" drill bit (provided) Deck boards

consistent, quality installations

• Angled screw attachment ensures direct attachment of the
EB
GU -
ID
E
Pat
. Pen
din
g

board to the joist and prevents board movement

EB-GUIDE predrill tool
• EB-TY Premium covers the joist to protect it from exposure
to sun and rain
• Chamfered edges for easier board alignment and installation
of successive boards Floor joist Precut
board grooves
• 3/16" and 1/4" spacings offer expansion compensation
• Additional Ipê wood plugs can be purchased separately

Deck boards Ipê plug installed

Install #7 x 2¼"
over screw
6-lobe trim-head
stainless-steel
screw in pilot hole
EB332W Series EB316W Series
EB
-T
Y
®

EB-TY Premium
™
Hidden Deck Fastener

Floor joist Precut board

grooves
EB14W Series

Note: For composite decking,

use 175-EBTY and 175-EBTT
and color-matched DCU Screw
Plugs to fasten the end boards.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 41
 Nails for Decking

Building Code Stainless-Steel Nails

Requirements
• Wood decking shall be Hand-Drive 15° Wire Coil, Full Round
attached to each supporting Decking and Trim Nails Checkered Head, Ring Shank
member with not less than Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel
(2) 8d threaded nails or
(2) No. 8 wood screws.
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.7

Stainless-steel connectors 20°–22° Plastic Strip, Full Round 20°–22° Plastic Strip, Full Round
are also available for high and
Checkered Head, Ring Shank Smooth Head, Screw Shank
severe exposure environments
Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel
or applications using certain
preservative-treated woods.
See pp. 49–50 for more detail.

20°–22° Plastic Strip, Checkered, 28° Wire Weld, Clipped Smooth

Casing Head, Ring Shank Head, Ring Shank
Type 304 Stainless Steel Type 304 Stainless Steel

31°–34° Plastic Strip, Full Round 31°–34° Paper Tape, Clipped

Checkered Head, Ring Shank Smooth Head, Ring Shank
Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel Types 304 and 316 Stainless Steel

For more information on fasteners, please see our Fastening Systems catalog at [Link].

42 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Quik Drive Auto-Feed Screw Driving Systems for Decking
®

Quik Drive auto-feed screw driving systems are ideal for fastening decking because they Building Code
combine the efficiency of stand-up driving with the holding power of screws, providing the Requirements
best long-term results.
• Wood decking shall be
attached to each supporting
Deck-Drive™ DSV WOOD Screw Deck-Drive DHPD HARDWOOD Screw member with not less than
Rimmed flat head with nibs, Paddle-style drill point, Type 305 stainless steel (2) 8d threaded nails or
Quik Guard® coating in red, tan and gray.
(2) No. 8 wood screws.
US Patent 9,482,258
IRC 2018 /2021 Section R507.7

Experience has shown that

#7 stainless steel screws are
acceptable for face screw
fastening of hardwood and
Deck-Drive DWP WOOD SS Screw Trim-Head Screw
composite deck boards.
Flat head with nibs, available in Types 305 #7 trim head, Type 305 stainless steel
and 316 stainless steel Fastening for composite decking
or using concealed fasteners:

IRC 2018/2021 Section R507.2.2.5

IBC 2018 /2021 Section 2612.6
Wood Plastic Composite
deck boards shall be installed
Deck-Drive DCU COMPOSITE Bugle-Head Wood Screw in accordance with the
Screw #10 bugle head, available in Types 305 manufacturer’s instructions and
Available with Quik Guard coating in 11 colors and 316 stainless steel shall comply with the requirements
or in Types 305 and 316 stainless steel. of ASTM D7032 Section 5.6
DCU Composite screws are load rated for uplift Mechanical Fastener Holding
resistance. See L-F-DCUUPLIFT18. Tests for the use of concealed
clips. Simpson Strong-Tie
recommends consulting with the
decking manufacturer for their
recommendations.

PROSDD/CCS+ Combo System

Applications: Decks/docks, subfloor, sheathing, wall plates, stair treads,
fiber-cement siding, drywall
• Expanded depth settings for high-density materials
• Reversible and replaceable non-skid teeth
Stainless-steel connectors
• Uniform toenailing and countersink on slick surfaces are also available for high and
severe exposure environments
• Two screw driving attachments for added versatility
or applications using certain
1" – 3" preservative-treated woods.
See pp. 49–50 for more detail.

PRO300S System
Applications: Decks/docks, subfloor, wall plates, stair treads
• Expanded depth settings for high-density
materials
• Reversible and replaceable non-skid teeth
• Includes a decking nose clip to position decking
screws quickly and precisely every time
• Uniform toenailing and countersink on slick
surfaces 1 3/4" – 3"
• Sure-grip guide tube increases stability for a
broad range of screws
• Available with corded or cordless driver motors Shown with Deck Clip QDDECKCLIP-RC

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 43
Fastener
Selection
Guidance
Connector Fastener Types

Many Simpson Strong-Tie

connectors have been 0 1½ 2½ 3 3¼ 3½
designed and tested for use
with specific types and sizes 0.162" x 3½"
(SCN Smooth Shank) 0.162"
of fasteners. The specified
quantity, type and size of
fastener must be installed 0.162" x 3½"
in the correct holes on the 0.162"
(SCNR Ring Shank)
connector to achieve published
loads. Other factors, such as
fastener material and finish, 0.148" x 3" 0.148"
(SCN Smooth Shank)
are also important. Incorrect
fastener selection or installation
can compromise connector SD Connector Screw
0.161"
#10 x 2½"
performance and could lead
to failure. For more information
about fasteners, see our 0.148" x 2½" to 3"
Fastening Systems catalog 0.148"
(SCNR Ring Shank)
at [Link] or access
our Fastener Finder software 0.131" x 2½"
at [Link]/software. 0.131"
(SCNR Ring Shank)

SD Connector Screw
#9 x 2½" 0.131"

SD Connector Screw
0.161"
#10 x 1½"

0.148" x 1½" 0.148"

(SCN Smooth Shank)

0.148" x 1½" 0.148"

The Simpson Strong-Tie® (SCNR Ring Shank)
Strong-Drive® SD Connector Fasteners are drawn
screw is the only screw 0.131" x 1½" to scale. Nail diameter
approved for use with our 0.131" assumes no coating.
(SCNR Ring Shank)
connectors. Consult the current Screw diameter refers
Simpson Strong-Tie Wood to shank diameter.
SD Connector Screw
Construction Connectors 0.131"
#9 x 1½"
catalog for complete fastener
and fastening requirements.
0.131" x 1½" 0.131"
(SCN Smooth Shank)

SDS Heavy-Duty Connector Screw

0.25" x various lengths 0.239"

The allowable loads

of stainless-steel
connectors match
SDWH
those of carbon-steel TIMBER-HEX HDG Screw 0.276"
connectors when 0.276" x various lengths
installed with Simpson
Strong-Tie stainless-
steel, SCNR ring-
shank nails. For more
information, refer to
the Fastening Systems
Technical Guide.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 45
 Fastener Information

Fastening Identification

Round Holes Obround Holes Square Holes Hexagonal Holes Triangular Holes Diamond Holes
Purpose: To fasten a Purpose: To make Purpose: To fasten a Purpose: To fasten a Purpose: To increase Purpose: To
connector. fastening a connector connector. connector to concrete a connector’s strength temporarily fasten a
in a tight location or masonry. or to achieve max. connector to make
Fill Requirements: Fill Requirements:
easier. strength. installing it easier.
Always fill, unless Always fill, unless Fill Requirements:
noted otherwise. Fill Requirements: noted otherwise. Always fill when Fill Requirements: Fill Requirements:
Always fill, unless fastening a connector When the designer None.
noted otherwise. to concrete or specifies max. nailing.
masonry.

Pilot
hole

Pilot Holes Speed Prongs Positive Angle Dome Nailing Double-Shear Nailing
Tooling holes for Used to temporarily Nailing (PAN) This feature guides the The nail is installed into the joist and
manufacturing position and secure the Provided when wood nail into the joist and header, distributing the load through
purposes. No connector for easier splitting may occur, and header at a 45° angle. two points on each joist nail for greater
fasteners required. and faster installation. to speed installation. strength. Double-shear nailing must be
full-length catalog nail.

Incorrect Applications
Short Nails Power Nailing
Do not use short (1 1⁄2") nails for double-shear nailing. Collated framing-nailer fasteners can only be used if:
1. Correct diameter and length are installed
2. Correct material or finish is installed
3. Correct quantity is installed
4. N
 ails are driven with a hole-locating tool (finds the hole)
or by hand
5. A full, round concentric head is required
Double-shear nailing shall
use minimum 2 1/2" long nail or NOTE:
SD Connector screws. • Nails with 0.131" diameter may not be used to replace
10d common or 16d sinker nails
• Do not overdrive
• Drive only through punched holes
Power-driven nails must meet ASTM A153 Class D or
equivalent specification for ZMAX® or hot-dip galvanized
applications. As most framing nails are only zinc-plated,
please ensure that the nails used with ZMAX connectors are
hot-dip galvanized to meet ASTM A153.
Shorter nails shall not be
used as double-shear nails.

Consult the current Simpson Strong-Tie Wood Construction Connectors catalog for complete fastener and fastening requirements.

46 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Mitigating
Corrosion
Risk
 Selecting Connector and Fastener Coatings

Corrosion Issues
When selecting hardware or fasteners for deck construction, it is important
to use connectors and fasteners with a level of corrosion resistance
appropriate to the application.
Connectors and fasteners are exposed to the weather and often treatment
chemicals in outdoor environments leading to an increased corrosion hazard.
If building a deck in an area especially prone to moisture, such as along
the coast or near bodies of water, the risk of corrosion is much higher. In
addition, the chemicals used in some preservative-treated woods have
been found to increase the corrosion of connectors and fasteners. Other
corrosion risk factors include exposure to fire retardants, fumes, fertilizers,
soil, industrial zones, acid rain and other corrosive elements.
Depending on the deck materials and environmental conditions,
Simpson Strong‑Tie® ZMAX® coated (G185) and hot-dip galvanized (HDG)
connectors and fasteners may provide adequate corrosion resistance. If you
Dry Service
choose to use ZMAX or HDG on your deck project, you should periodically
inspect your connectors and fasteners or have a professional inspection
performed. When using ZMAX/HDG connectors, you must use fasteners
galvanized per ASTM A153, SDS screws with a double-barrier coating, or
SD screws with a mechanically galvanized coating.
For high and severe corrosion applications, stainless-steel connectors and
fasteners offer the best defense against corrosion. Simpson Strong‑Tie offers
a variety of connectors and fasteners in stainless steel for deck construction.
For more information on corrosion and selecting the appropriate finish for
your application, visit [Link]/info.

The Science Behind Stainless Steel

Simpson Strong-Tie connectors are available in Type 316 stainless steel,
and Simpson Strong-Tie fasteners are available in either Type 316 or Type
304 /305 stainless steel. Type 300 Series stainless steels contain chromium
that is activated on the surface as chromium oxide and protects the base Wet Service
metal from corrosive attack. Type 316 stainless steel contains molybdeum,
which increases corrosion resistance in chloride-containing exposures, such
as saltwater environments.

Common Conditions That Can Affect Corrosion

Resistance of Metal Connectors and Fasteners
• Ocean salt air • Fertilizers
• Water • Soil
• Preservative-treated wood • Industrial zones
• Fire retardant-treated wood • Concrete
• Salt used to de-ice or melt snow • Weather exposure
• Pool or hot tub chemicals
Always Use Stainless-Steel Fasteners with Stainless-Steel Connectors

The allowable loads of stainless-steel connectors match those of carbon-steel High/Severe

connectors when installed with Simpson Strong-Tie® stainless-steel, SCNR ring-shank
nails. For more information, refer to the Fastening Systems Technical Guide.

Go to [Link]/stainlesssteel for more information regarding stainless-steel fasteners and connectors.

48 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
Corrosion Information

Corrosion Resistance Classifications

Material to Be Fastened
Preservative-Treated Wood
Environment Untreated
SBX-DOT Chemical Chemical Other FRT
Wood or
Zinc Retention ≤ AWPA, Retention > AWPA, ACZA or Wood
Other Material
Borate UC4A UC4A Uncertain

Dry Service Low Low Low High Medium High Medium

Wet Service Medium N/A Medium High High High High
Elevated Service High N/A Severe Severe High Severe N/A
Uncertain High High High Severe High Severe Severe
Ocean/Water Front Severe N/A Severe Severe Severe Severe N/A
1. Always consider the importance of the connection as well as the cost of 5. Some chemically-treated wood may have chemical retentions greater than
maintenance and replacement. specification, particularly near the surface, making it potentially more corrosive
2. If the information about treatment chemicals in an application is incomplete, than chemically-treated wood with lower retentions. If this condition is
or if there is any uncertainty as to the service environment of any application, suspected, use Type 316/305/304 stainless-steel, silicon bronze, or copper
Simpson Strong-Tie recommends the use of a Type 300 Series stainless fasteners.
steel. Simpson Strong-Tie has evaluated the corrosion effects of various 6. Some woods, such as cedars, redwood, and oak, contain water-soluble tannins
formulations of wood treatment chemicals ACZA, ACQ, CCA, MCA, CA, and are susceptible to staining when in contact with metal connectors and
and salt as corrosion accelerators. Simpson Strong-Tie has not evaluated all fasteners. According to the California Redwood Association ([Link]),
formulations and retentions of the named wood treatment chemicals other applying a quality finish to all surfaces of the wood prior to installation can help
than to use coatings and materials in the severe category. Manufacturers reduce staining.
may independently provide test results or other product information. Simpson 7. Anchors, fasteners and connectors in contact with FRT (fire retardant treated)
Strong-Tie expresses no opinion regarding such information. lumber shall be hot-dip galvanized or stainless steel, unless recommended
3. Type 316/305/304 stainless-steel products are recommended where otherwise by the FRT manufacturer. Many FRT manufacturers permit low-
preservative-treated wood used in ground contact has a chemical retention corrosion-resistant connector and fastener coatings for dry-service conditions.
level greater than those for AWPA UC4A; CA-C, 0.15 pcf; CA-B, 0.21 pcf; 8. Simpson Strong-Tie does not recommend painting stainless-steel anchors,
micronized CA-C, 0.14 pcf; micronized CA-B, 0.15 pcf; ACQ-Type D (or C), fasteners or connectors. Imperfections or damage to the paint can facilitate
0.40 pcf. When wood treated with micronized CA-C and micronized CA-B with collection of dirt and water that can degrade or block the passive formation
treatment retentions up to UC4B is in dry service, hot-dip galvanized fasteners of the protective chromium oxide film. When this happens, crevice corrosion
and connectors may be suitable. can initiate and eventually become visible as a brown stain or red rust. Painting
4. Mechanical galvanizations C 3 and N2000 should not be used in conditions that usually does not improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel.
would be more corrosive than AWPA UC3A (exterior, above ground, rapid water
run off).

Coatings and Materials Available for Connectors

Level of Coating or
Corrosion Description
Resistance Material
Connectors Fastener Material or Finish

Organic paint intended to protect the product while it is warehoused and in transit to
Gray Paint
the jobsite.
Bright,
Hot-Dip Galvanized,
Low Powder Coating Baked-on paint finish that is more durable than standard paint.
Mechanically Galvanized,
or Double-Barrier Coating
Standard (G90) zinc-galvanized coating containing 0.90 oz. of zinc per square foot of
Galvanized
surface area (total both sides).

Galvanized (G185) 1.85 oz. of zinc per square foot of surface area (hot-dip galvanized per
ASTM A653) total for both sides. Products with a powder-coat finish over a ZMAX® base Hot-Dip Galvanized,
have the same level of corrosion resistance. Mechanically Galvanized,
or Double-Barrier Coating
Medium * Bright fasteners may be used
Products are hot-dip galvanized after fabrication (14 ga. and thicker). The coating weight with ZMAX or HDG connectors
where low corrosion resistance
increases with material thickness. The minimum average coating weight is 2.0 oz./ft.2 (per is allowed.
ASTM A123) total for both sides. Anchor bolts are hot-dip galvanized per ASTM F2329.

Type 316 stainless steel is a nickel-chromium austenitic grade of stainless steel with 2-3%
Type 316
High/ molybdenum. Type 316 stainless steel is not hardened by heat treatment and is inherently
Stainless Type 316 Stainless Steel
Severe nonmagnetic. It provides a level of corrosion protection suitable for severe environments,
Steel
especially environments with chlorides.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 49
 Corrosion Information

Coatings and Materials for Fasteners and Anchors

Level of Coating or
Corrosion Description
Resistance Material
Fasteners and Anchors

Bright No surface coating.

Electrocoating utilizes electrical current to deposit the coating material on the fastener. After application, the coating
Electrocoating
is cured in an oven. Electrocoating provides a minimum amount of corrosion protection and is recommended for dry,
(E-Coat™)
low-corrosive applications.

Clear, Yellow, and Bright Zinc, Zinc coatings applied by electrogalvanizing processes to fasteners that are used in dry service and with no
ASTM F1941 environmental or material corrosion hazard.

Low Phosphate Gray phosphate provides a minimum level of corrosion resistance and is intended for dry, low-corrosive applications.
(gray/black) Black phosphate provides a minimum level of corrosion resistance and is intended for dry, low-corrosive applications.

Type 410 Type 410 stainless steel is a low-carbon martensitic grade of stainless steel that can be hardened and is inherently
Stainless Steel magnetic. This material provides corrosion resistance in mild atmospheres and many mild chemical environments.

Heavy Electro-Galvanized Electroplated zinc applied in accordance with ASTM A641, Class 1. This is an electroplated zinc coating that provides
a low level of corrosion resistance. The Class 1 coating has no specified red rust performance criteria in the B117 salt
(ASTM A641 – Class 1) spray test.

Hot-dip galvanized fasteners 3/8" and smaller in diameter in accordance with ASTM A153, Class D. Hot-dip galvanized
fasteners are compliant with the 2018 and 2021 IRC and IBC.
ASTM A153, Class D

Type 410 Stainless Steel Carbon martensitic grade of stainless steel that is inherently magnetic, with an added protective top coat. This material
with Protective Top Coat can be used in mild atmospheres and many mild chemical environments.

Simpson Strong-Tie® Strong-Drive SD Connector screws are manufactured with a mechanically applied zinc coating in
Mechanically Galvanized Coating,
accordance with ASTM B695, Class 55, with a supplemental overcoat. These fasteners are compatible with painted and zinc-
ASTM B695, Class 55
coated (G90 and ZMAX®) connectors and are recognized in evaluation reports that can be found on [Link].
Medium

Quik Guard® Coating Quik Guard is a proprietary coating that consists of an electroplated zinc base layer and a system of organic top coats.

Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive SDS Heavy-Duty Connector screws and Outdoor Accents® structural wood screws are
Double-Barrier
manufactured with a double-barrier coating that provides a level of corrosion protection equaling that provided by HDG
Coating
coating and are recognized in evaluation reports that can be found on [Link].

Type 304 Stainless, Types 304 and 305 stainless steels are nickel-chromium austenitic grades of stainless steel. Types 304 and 305
High
Type 305 Stainless stainless steels are not hardened by heat treatment and are inherently nonmagnetic.

Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive Timber-Hex screws are hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153, Class C. These
hot-dip galvanized fasteners have a minimum average of 1.25 oz./ft.2 of zinc coating and are compliant with the 2018 and
ASTM A153, Class C 2021 IRC and IBC.

Severe
Type 316 stainless steel is a nickel-chromium austenitic grade of stainless steel with 2–3% molybdenum. It provides
Type 316
a level of corrosion protection suitable for severe environments, especially environments with chlorides. Type 316
Stainless Steel
stainless-steel fasteners are compliant with the 2018 and 2021 IRC and IBC.

50 | Deck Connection and Fastening Guide (800) 999-5099 | [Link] F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc.
 Build your customer’s
ultimate backyard dream.

Deck Planner Software™

Pergola Planner Software™

Fence Planner Software™

Deck
Plan, quote and build outdoor structures faster and easier. Grow your
DPS

Planner construction business with free Outdoor Living software from Simpson Strong-Tie.
Software™
Our design apps include Deck Planner Software™, Pergola Planner Software™ and
Pergola
PPS

Planner Fence Planner Software™. The in-app tutorials make it easy to select materials,
Software™
dimensions, colors and hardware. Add patios, sheds, landscaping or other features,
Fence
FPS

Planner then show customers their entire yard in a realistic 2D or 3D view. Once your
Software™
design is complete, you can print a full materials list, provide a quote, review permit
submittal pages, and select a local dealer with available supplies in your area.
Download free design software at [Link]/outdoorliving. Or call
(800) 999-5099 to learn more.

F-DECKCODE22 © 2022 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. (800) 999-5099 | [Link] Deck Connection and Fastening Guide | 51
 Easy to install.
Built to last.

Strength and selection go together with Outdoor Accounts ® decorative hardware from Simpson Strong-Tie.
We’re always expanding our Mission Collection® and Avant Collection™ lines with new products and accessories,
making it easy to enhance outdoor structures and living spaces. Both lines feature an innovative hex-head
washer and fastener combo for the look of a bolted connection that installs as easily as driving a screw. Plus,
our code-listed connectors and fasteners are rigorously tested for performance. So whether you’re building a
planter box or a pavilion, it will be strong, safe and beautiful for years to come.
To see our complete lines of Outdoor Accents decorative hardware and download free
project plans, visit [Link]/outdooraccents or call (800) 999-5099.

This flier is effective until December 31, 2024, and reflects information available as of March 1, 2022.
This information is updated periodically and should not be relied upon after December 31, 2024. (800) 999-5099
Contact Simpson Strong‑Tie for current information and limited warranty or see [Link].
[Link]
© 2022 Simpson Strong‑Tie Company Inc. • P.O. Box 10789, Pleasanton, CA 94588 F-DECKCODE22 3/22 exp. 12/24