MACT Aspects in our Project

GROUP 9B
GROUP NAME : THE MATHLETES

Dweep Kotecha (202303019)

Ashish Dabhi (202303039)
Aditya Methiwala (202303060)

1. Statement

• We have two different games, out of which our primary game is ’Reaching
Atlantis’ and our secondary game is ’The Game of Nim’.
• Game I ) Reaching Atlantis
1. Discovering atlantis is a ’two’ player game.
2. Consider two players alpha and beta on a ship. They are trying
to discover an island named Atlantis and are ’N’ nautical miles
away from that island.
3. They each get a chance to be the captain of the ship turn by turn.
When they are the holder of the role of captain, they both get a
chance to move the ship for some distances.
4. In their turn, they can move the ship by either ’one’ nautical mile
or ’two’ nautical miles or ’four’ nautical miles.
5. This is a biased game, the player who knows the stratergy, always
wins the game given that he/she plays optimally.
6. Goal : Reach Atlantis by covering N nautical miles. The incharge
of the ship at the last wins the game i.e. the person who was
the captain when the ship covered the last nautical miles is the
winner.
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• Game II ) The Game Of Nim
1. The game of Nim is a two player game.
2. Given several piles, each containing a certain number of similar
objects.
3. A player can remove any number of objects from any one of the
piles throughout each turn (The player must pick minimum one
object).
4. The player who is unable to move is considered to have lost the
match. That is, the winner is the one who grabs the final object.

2. Materials used to make the props

Figure 1: Distance Tower Figure 2: Support

Figure 3: Compressor Figure 4: Base of the structure

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 Figure 6: Tachi-Miura polyhe-
Figure 5: Cross section of tower
dron

• The above figures are the props of our game.

1. As per figure 1
The tower is made by using cardboard sheets and given to shape via
a plastic tape. The tower is decorated by covering a blue chart paper
over it and sticking it on the tower by using glue.

2. As per figure 2
The support is made by using 3 wooden sticks have their base diameter
of about 8 mm. They are held together by using rubber bands.

3. As per figure 3
The compressor is made by using cardboard sheets and is decorated by
covering a thick red chart paper over it and sticking it on the tower by
using glue.

4. As per figure 4
The base board is made by using cardboard sheets and is decorated by
covering a thick red chart paper over it and sticking it on the tower by
using glue.

5. As per figure 6
The main prop that is the Tachi-Miura polyhedron is made using blue
chart paper.

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 3. MACT aspects in the main prop

Figure 7: Front part of prop

Figure 8: Back part of prop

The flat sheet geometry of the Tachi Miura Polyhedron is characterized

by the following parameters:
l, m, d, an inner angle of parallelogram ’α’ which remains constant during
the folding of Tachi Miura polyhedron and the number of (N ) of repeating
unit areas.

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 Figure 9: Magnified portion of design

For the prop, you can take any dimension of paper. Here we have taken
the length of one unit i.e. d = 3cm. So, the overall length of the paper is
21 cm. So, the length of the paper must be the multiple of the length of one
unit. The width taken in our prop is taken to be 14 cm which is divided into
sections of 3-3-2-3-3 cm. So the length of the paper must be
d * N where N is the number of units.

Then comes the Locking mechanism i.e., the front part and the back part
are locked together to each other to form the Tachi Miura Polyhedron which
does not only completes the structure but also gives structural stability to
it.
As shown in figure 7 and figure 8, the dotted lines represent the valley
folds and the dark lines represent the mountain folds. In the Tachi Miura
Polyhedron made by us, we have kept α as 45 ◦ . On increasing the value of
α the size of bellow would increase and on decreasing the value of α, the size
of bellow would decrease.
As shown in figure 7, we start drawing the dotted line from the edge of the
paper at an angle of 45 ◦ till it touches the A1 line. After it touches the A1
line, α becomes 135 ◦ till it reaches the line A2 . In similar manner, we draw
the dotted lines for valley folds. Here, line An and An+1 are at some equal
distance.

At a certain horizontal distance from the starting point of the dotted line,
we start drawing the dark lines at 45 ◦ . The moment it touches line A1 , angle
α becomes 135 ◦ till it touches the next line after which it again becomes 45
◦
and this is how we make dark lines for the mountain folds. Now, for the
other half of the page we have to draw the mirror image of what we have

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already drawn i.e. the mirror image of the dotted line and dark line.

Figure 9 shows a magnified portion of the bottom most part of the design
of Tachi Miura Polyhedron. Here, the distance from the midpoint of dotted
line to the midpoint of dark line which are both inclined at an angle of 45◦
is m. The distance from the midpoint of a dark line to the midpoint of its
mirror image is 2l. The distance from the base to line A1 is d.

The lines drawn in the back part of the Tachi Miura polyhedron are sim-
ilar to that of the front part but in the case of the back part, the mountain
folds are drawn in the location where there were valley folds in the front part
and the valley folds are drawn in the location where there were mountain
folds in the front part. To form the Tachi Miura polyhedron, the front and
back part are joined together in such a way that they fit into each other
perfectly.

• The Miura-Ori Unit

Figure 11: Flat Miura structure

Figure 12: 3-D Miura structure Figure 13: 3-D Miura structure (Detailed)

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 The Tachi Miura Polyhedron is made up of multiple number of such
Miura-Ori units. Let the horizontal lines(parallel to the x-y plane) be main
crease lines and let the lines inclined to the main crease lines be the sub-
crease lines. As shown in figure 10, the lines O0 -O1 and O1 -O2 are main
crease lines whereas the lines O1 -A1 and O1 -B1 are sub-crease lines. The
flat sheet geometry of the Miura-Ori unit is repeated throughout the Tachi
Miura Polyhedron which is characterized by the following parameters: an
inner angle α, half of the dihedral angle of main fold θM that is the angle of
a main crease line and half of the dihedral angle of sub-fold θS that is the
angle of a sub-crease line. It shall be noted that α remains constant, and θM
and θS change during the Tachi Miura polyhedron bellows compression.
In the Miura-Ori unit, we draw a perpendicular from B1 such that it
meets O2 -B2 at a point F .

Now, from B1 , we draw a perpendicular line in the z-axis and from B2 we

draw a horizontal line in the negative x-axis which meets at a point E such
that △B1 EB2 forms a right-angled triangle at E.

Now, the angle formed by the points B1 F E is called as θS .

The ∠ B1 B2 E is θG .

In the 3-D Miur-Ori structure, connect the vertices O0 and O2 . Now we

have a △ O0 O2 O1 .

Now we connect the vertices A0 and B0 and then we draw a perpendicu-

lar from A0 on the line O0 O1 , let that point of intersection be called C.

The ∠ B0 A0 C is the main angle θM .

Let the point of intersection of line A0 B0 and O0 O2 be D. Now, from D, we

make a perpendicular on line O0 O1 .

Now, by Right Hypotenuse Side the △ B1 B2 E and △ DO0 C are congru-

ent so ∠ DO0 C is θG .

The ∠ B1 B2 O2 is α.

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Now, relating the sides with the angles;

The angles α, θM and θG are related as:

CD A0 C
= O
O0 C 0C
. ACD
0C
———(1)

By using trigonometric functions equation 1 can be written as;

tanθG = tanα . sinθM

B1 E B1 F B1 E
B1 B2
= B1 B2
. B1 F
———(2)

By using trigonometric functions equation 2 can be written as;

sinθG = sinθS . sinα

If we want to find the total length of all Tachi Miura polyhedron crease
lines, we first focus on a Tachi miura polyhedron with N = 2 example. The
d d
Tachi Miura polyhedron’s width is (2l + 2m + tanα ) so, 2(2l + 2m + tanα ) is
the total length of the main crease lines. Keep in mind that the Tachi Miura
polyhedron bellows, as designed and displayed in figures 7 and 8, comprises
d
of two sheets. Next, the length of a single sub-crease line is sinα . Since
the Tachi Miura polyhedron with N = 2 has eight sub-crease lines, the total
8d
length of all sub-crease lines is sinα . Using this computation to the Tachi
Miura polyhedron with N repeated units example stretches the result to
2d
(4l + 4m + tanα ) (N − 1) for the total length of all main crease lines and for
the case where there are N units, the total length of the sub-crease lines will
8N d
be sinα .

• Main Folding Angle

Here, the main folding angle θM is given a relation with total height H, num-
ber of units N and the distance d.

The relation is given as;

H
cosθM = Nd

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 Figure 14: Side view sketch of the prop

The overall 3-D Tachi Miura polyhedron can be seen into action of com-
pression via the following figure.

Figure 15: Compression of the prop