Tia a 3 Renateww [Link] ©} How can technology make underwater exploration easier? Discuss. Then listen and read. GED Exploring underwater used to be very difficult. Every expedition would take careful preparation, and underwater explorers had ho way to communicate with people on land. Infact, we landed on the moon before we started to explore our biggest underwater mountain range, the Mid-Oceanic Ridge. But thanks to technology, all of that is changing. Now, we can explore the deep sea without ever leaving home! Katy Croff Bell isa leader on E/V Nautilus aship that explores the oceans. One week the destination might be the Gulf of Mexico, in an attempt to find a shipwreck. The next week, ‘Nautilus will be on a journey to investigate underwater volcanoes near Grenada. Scientists on the ship send robotic vehicles deep into the sea to look for shipwrecks, to study the plants and animals, and to look at the geology, or rocks, in an area. The vehicles transmit images and information back to the scientists on the ship. It's a great way to explore deep and dangerous places. And robots aren’t the only cool technology on Nautilus. Let's say you want to find out where Nautilus is at the moment. Well, you can go[Link] E/V nautlus uses robouc vetictes ke this ene to explore deep waters. online to see. The Nautilus website has 224- _the other side of the world and make sure that hour webcam so that people all around the they have accurate information about their worldcan find outwhat’s happeningon the —_ discoveries, For example, when researchers on ship at any time of day or night. Telepresence Nautilus discovered an aircraft on the ocean technology allows you to bea virtual explorer floor near Sicily, World War Il pilots helped on Nautilus. You can also follow the updates _ them identify it. ‘The telepresence system on the Nautilus blog and send messages to allows people from schoolchildren to research, scientists on the ship. Some people even get__scientists to be a part of our expeditions’ says the opportunity to help outwith the research! Katy, ‘It'sreally exciting!” Scientists can communicate with experts on LEARN NEW WORDS Listen and repeat. ME Work in pairs. Imagine you're communicating with the scientists on E/V Nautilus. What questions do you want to ask? What do you think the ship might discover during your virtual visit? VOCABULARY 61www. [Link] > Read and write the words from the list. Make any necessary changes. attempt blog destination expert Journey message online opportunity virtual website In 2013, Nautilus was on a ____________ through the Caribbean Sea. Its ____ was the Kick’ em Jenny volcano, near the island of Grenada. The scientists were making an ___________tolearn more about the volcano’s last big eruption. But when they started to dive around the volcano, they discovered that chemicals from the volcano created a perfect environment for a lot of different organisms. It was a wonderful _ for the scientists to study many underwater animals. ________ from all over the world read the Nautilus —_______ and saw the video footage —__. Then they sent to Nautilus, asking for samples of all the different organisms. ‘Itwas probably the most exciting dive of the season!’ says Katy. >>) LEARN NEW WORDS Listen to these words and match them to the definitions. Then listen and repeat. @EBEH find out make sure preparation —_transmit | —_____________ bs theactof getting ready 2. senda signal 3. learn something 4. check or confirm something 6 [ENDS Choose an activity. 1. Work independently. What do you think a day in the Ce er life of scientist on E/V Nautilus is like? What kinds of things do they do? Write a paragraph about a crew member's typical day. 2. Work in pairs, Deep-sea exploration is dangerous, difficult and expensive. With thisin mind, make a list of five reasons why we should explore the deep sea. 3. Workin groups. Imagine you're a scientist on Nautilus. You have made an exciting discovery on the sea floor. What did you find? How did you find out more about it? How did you tell others? Share with the class. 62 VOCABULARY[Link] () LEARN NEW WoRDS Listen to learn about the SS Republic and her final Journey. Then listen and repeat. MIZE SS Republic's Final Journey ‘SS Pepubie setott tren NewYork 01 18° Octeter 1865, ‘SS Requbic sank of the costo Gera. Yeas Inte it 2003, rave orcaeolepsts succeeded {dng nar thas 51,COOsiterand pisos rem ‘te sures sto. er cesunaven was new oneans istance of 3.148km (1,986 mi Lnorunety, se ever reached, © Read and write the words from the list. Use used to or would when possible. Make any other necessary changes, be distanco reach set off succeed travel In the 19" century, people by ship more often because there were no aeroplanes. One ship, SS Republic, _____________ from New Yorkin 1865. Its destination was New Orleans. New Orleans was a great from New York, and travelling by boat was never completely safe. Journeys such #s this _ difficult and sometimes dangerous because of the weather conditions. Most ofthe time, the ships in arriving at their destination. However, this was not the case for SS Republic, which never ‘New Orleans. The ship sank near the coast of Savannah and wasn’t found until 2003. oe Work in groups. Talk about how life used to be for the people travelling on SS Republic. Discuss the topics below. Use used to and would. + what they did in their free time * what they ate + why they carried gold coins + how they travelled a =How about going scuba diving? Yes, good idea! / | love that idea, but itisn’ta good time of year for that. Itwould be great to follow Nautilus Sure. That’ a really great suggestion. / Unfortunately, online for our next project. ‘my Intemet connection isn’t working at the moment | We could research underwater OK. Let's do that. / Yes, but we did volcanoes for last ‘volcanoes for the science fair. | year's presentation. @ Listen. How do the speakers make and respond to suggestions? Write the phrases you hear. MIZE e Read and complete the dialogue. Ameira: Do we have any plans for tonightyet? | Nora: Not yet. — havea picnic on the beach. Ameira: ——, the weather forecast says it's going to rain tonight. It'll be too wet for a picnic. Any other ideas? Nora: ______ go to the cinema. There's a great documentary about underwater exploration that Id really like to see. Ameira: Idon‘t really like documentaries. Nora: OK, well just staying at home and checking out the Nautilus live feed? The ship's in the Atlantic Ocean, and the crews looking for shipwrecks near Portugal. Ameira: Sure! That's a How about exploring an underwater shipwreck? © Work in pairs. Throw the cube and make a suggestion for where to go on @ holiday. Your loin sat as Be weave partner will respond to your that cesta lot of money? ‘Suggestion. Then swap roles. ee gone a at © Work in groups. Imagine that visitors from another i pea? country are coming to your school, and your class must show them around town. Make and respond to at least gq to page 159. four suggestions about what to do with them. SPEAKING 63Some believe it’s an ancient city that sank thousands of years ago. Others think itis anatural structure - the result of many earthquakes in the area. Either way, the huge rock formations and stone structures off the coast of Yonaguni Island are an amazing sight. ‘The small Japanese island of Yonaguni is 1,029 km. (640 mi.) south of the coast of mainland Japan, between the East China Sea and the Pacific Ocean. From November to July, many divers visit Yonaguni to see the hammerhead sharks. In 1986, a local diver, Kihachiro Aratake, was looking for sharks about 18 m. (60 ft.) underwater when he discovered an enormous rack shaped like a rectangle. It was about the size of two footballl fields. There were huge steps on th rock, perfectrightangles and long, straight passages. Was this really just a rock? Or was itsomething more? Masaaki Kimura, a marine geologist, travelled to the island to examine the discovery. Atfirst, le thought the formations {were natural, But then he noticed shapes @nd carvings on the rock. Masaaki now believes that these rock formations are the Femains ofan important city more than 5,000 years old, He thinks that it sank in A buge tsunami about 2,000 years ag Masaaki has identified the ruins of a castle, Several temples and a large stadium in the tock formations. Some scientists disagree with Kimur Robert Schoch, also a geologist, thinks that Garthquakes caused these rock formations and the ‘carvings! are just natural scratches ‘on the rock. ‘Ido not believe it is a human- made structure,’ says Robert. Itis absolutely incredible, and well worth seeing, but itis a naiural structure. Perhiaps we will never know the truth about Yonaguni. But one thing is for sure: an amazing place to explore. iLthe photo. Whick What do you know aher Robert robably more underwatel orld