REYES, CHARISSE AYENN

CBA5
Module 1
INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY

I. Overview

Welcome to the first module of the course on General Anatomy. In this module, we will travel
back to your learnings in ANPHYD1. This module is diagnostic in nature wherein there will be a
self-assessment part on how well you understood anatomy and physiology during your first year
and how much do you still need to understand. The purpose of this is for you to be refreshed of
what you’ve already learned and at the same time this will give you a chance to be clarified of
areas that you do not still understand. This will serve as your foundation to get along with the
other modules.

Adapted Resource Material

Drake, R.L., Volg, A.W., & Mitchell, A.W.M. (2020). Gray’s anatomy for students. 4th Edition.
Elsevier Inc.

II. Learning Outcomes

Having successfully completed this module you will be able to:

1. reflect on the lessons from ANPHYD1
2. distinguish the introduction to regional anatomy

III. Lesson proper and Assessment

Engage

This part should snag your interest, and offer the opportunity for you to share what you already
know about the topic. Try to make connections between your preexisting knowledge base and
the new ideas that will come down the pipeline in this lesson. Answer the pre-assessment.

MULTIPLE CHOICE: The following are statements followed by lettered choices. Choose the correct
answer. Write final answer before the number using CAPITAL LETTERS.

B 1. A fingernail is a structure belonging to D. Thoracic, pleural, and ventral cavities

what body system? E. None of the above
A. Circulatory
B. Integumentary D 3. A person in the anatomical position
C. Lymphatic would be:
D. Reticuloendothelial A. In a fetal position
E. Skeletal B. Lying face down
C. Lying face up
A 2. A lung is located within the: D. Standing erect facing forward
A. Mediastinal, pleural, and thoracic
cavities D 4. A transverse plane will cut a body or
B. Peritoneal, pleural, and thoracic organ int:
cavities A. Anterior and posterior portions
C. Pleural, pericardial, and thoracic B. Left and right portions
cavities

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 C. Portions separated at an angle to its E. Vertical plane
longitudinal axis
D. Superior and inferior portions B 11. Long-distance regulation is
E. Unequal left and right portions accomplished via bloodborne chemicals known
as:
B 5. A urinary bladder which is already full A. Blood cells
of urine can be palpated in what abdominopelvic B. Hormones
region? C. Ions
A. Epigastric D. Motor impulses
B. Hypogastric E. Neurotransmitters
C. Left hypochondriac
D. Umbilical A 12. Of the nine surface areas of the
abdominal regions, which of the following
D 6. Blood production is a function of which groups is medial?
system? A. Epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric
A. Lymphatic B. Epigastric, umbilical, and iliac
B. Reproductive C. Hypochondriac, lumbar, and inguinal
C. Respiratory D. Hypochondriac, umbilical, and
D. Skeletal hypogastric

A 7. Blood vessels are organs of this system. C 13. The abdominal cavity contains the:
A. Cardiovascular system A. Heart
B. Muscular system B. Lungs
C. Skeletal system C. Spleen
D. Urinary system D. Trachea

D 8. If a patient complains of dull, aching C 14. The antebrachium is the:

pain in the left upper quadrant of his abdomen, A. Armpit
the underlying organ most probably affected is B. Chest area
the: C. Forearm
A. Ascending colon D. Hand
B. Gallbladder E. Shoulder region
C. Sigmoid colon
D. Stomach B 15. The brain is located in the:
A. Abdominal cavity
A 9. If a patient complains of lancinating pain B. Cranial cavity
at the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, the C. Pericardial cavity
underlying organ most probably affected is the: D. Pleural cavity
A. Appendix E. Vertebral cavity
B. Esophagus
C. Small intestine A 16. The foot is to the thigh as the hand is to
D. Stomach the:
A. Brachium
A 10. If an anatomist wanted to show the B. Digits
structural relationship of the trachea, esophagus, C. Palm
neck muscles, and a vertebra within the neck, D. Shoulder
which body plane would be most appropriate?
A. Coronal plane D 17. The function of the secretions of a
B. Parasagittal plane serous membrane, like the pleura, is to:
C. Sagittal plane A. Carry nervous impulses
D. Transverse plane B. Prevent infection

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 C. Protect the central nervous system A. Epigastric
D. Reduce friction between neighboring B. Hypogastric
organs C. Left iliac
D. Left lumbar
D 18. The lungs are located in the:
A. Abdominal cavity D 25. The ventral body cavity comprises all
B. Cranial cavity of the following cavities EXCEPT:
C. Pericardial cavity A. Abdominal cavity
D. Pleural cavity B. Pelvic cavity
E. Vertebral cavity C. Pleural cavity
D. Spinal cavity
D 19. The number of abdominal regions is: E. Thoracic cavity
A. 3
B. 5 C 26. This cavity is located inferior to the
C. 7 abdominal cavity.
D. 9 A. Abdominal cavity
B. Cranial cavity
E 20. The right portion of the liver is located C. Pelvic cavity
primarily in which of the abdominopelvic D. Pericardial cavity
regions? E. Vertebral canal
A. Epigastric
B. Hypogastric C 27. This directional term means farther
C. Left hypochondriac from the midline.
D. Left lumbar A. Anterior
E. Right hypochondriac B. Deep
C. Lateral
B 21. The spleen is located in which of the D. Medial
abdominopelvic regions? E. Proximal
A. Epigastric
B. Left hypochondriac B 28. This is the space beneath the
C. Left iliac breastbone containing the heart, aorta, vena
D. Left inguinal cava, trachea, and other vessels and nerves.
E. Left lumbar A. Abdomen
B. Mediastinum
A 22. The stomach is located in the: C. Pleura
A. Abdominal cavity D. Thorax
B. Cranial cavity
C. Pericardial cavity E 29. This is the study of the functions of
D. Pleural cavity body structures.
E. Vertebral cavity A. Anatomy
B. Endocrinology
C 23. The thoracic cavity is separated from C. Histology
the abdominopelvic cavity by the: D. Immunology
A. Abdominal septum E. Physiology
B. Abdominal wall
C. Diaphragm D 30. This organ system eliminates wastes
D. Mediastinum and regulates the volume and chemical
E. Sternum composition of blood.
A. Cardiovascular system
B 24. The urinary bladder is located in which B. Endocrine system
of the abdominopelvic regions? C. Respiratory system

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 D. Urinary system D. Thyroid

A 31. This plane divides the body into E 37. What is the name of the
anterior and posterior portions. abdominopelvic region that is located in the
A. Frontal midline area immediately inferior to the
B. Midsagittal diaphragm muscle?
C. Oblique A. Epigastric
D. Sagittal B. Hypogastric
E. Transverse C. Left hypochondriac
D. Right inguinal
D 32. This plane divides the body into right E. Umbilical
and left halves.
A. Coronal plane C 38. What is the other name of the outer
B. Frontal plane layer of the serous membrane that surrounds the
C. Horizontal plane heart?
D. Sagittal plane A. Diaphragm
E. Transverse plane B. Mediastinum
C. Parietal pericardium
D 33. This serous membrane covers the D. Visceral pericardium
viscera with the abdominal cavity, and lines the E. Visceral pleura
abdominal wall and the inferior surface of the
diaphragm. C 39. What is the relationship between the
A. Dura mater knee and foot?
B. Mediastinum A. The knee is inferior to the foot.
C. Pericardium B. The foot is proximal to the knee.
D. Peritoneum C. The knee is distal to the foot.
E. Pleura D. The knee is proximal to the foot.

B 34. To view the thalamus and B 40. What system produces hormones which
hypothalamus of the brain, we must separate the is responsible for the control of the body’s
left hemisphere from the right hemisphere homeostasis?
equally using the _____ plane. A. Cardiovascular system
A. Coronal B. Endocrine system
B. Midsagittal C. Excretory system
C. Oblique D. Lymphatic system
D. Parasagittal
C 41. Which cavity contains the heart?
C 35. Two major cavities of the human body A. Abdominal cavity
are: B. Cranial cavity
A. Axial and appendicular C. Pericardial cavity
B. Inferior and superior D. Pleural cavity
C. Ventral and dorsal E. Vertebral cavity
D. Visceral and parietal
E 42. Which of the following is NOT a
A 36. What gland can be found on the cardinal plane?
superior surface of the kidneys? A. Frontal plane
A. Adrenal B. Median plane
B. Parathyroid C. Midsagittal plane
C. Thymus D. Sagittal plane

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 E. Oblique plane
E 47. Which term best defines the position of
the knee relative to the hip?
C 43. Which of the following statements A. Distal
about the dorsal body cavity is false? B. Lateral
A. It contains the brain. C. Medial
B. It contains the viscera. D. Posterior
C. It includes the cranial cavity. E. Proximal
D. It is lined by the meninges.
D 48. Which terms have the same meaning?
D 44. Which pairing of directional terms A. Back. Dorsal, and posterior
most closely approximate opposites? B. Front, anterior, and ventral
A. Medial and proximal C. Top, superior, and cephalad
B. Proximal and lateral D. All are correct
C. Superficial and deep
D. Superior and posterior C 49. Which of the following is NOT a
function of the kin?
B 45. Which serous membrane would be cut A. Protection from infection
first as a physician removes an infected B. Removal of excess water
appendix? C. Sensory reception
A. Dorsal mesentery D. Temperature regulation
B. Parietal peritoneum
C. Parietal pleura D 50. Which of the following is NOT a part
D. Visceral pleura of the reproductive system?
A. Penis
A 46. Which system of the body is B. Ovaries
responsible for the breakdown of food and C. Testes
elimination of sold wastes? D. Ureters
A. Digestive
B. Endocrine
C. Respiratory
D. Urinary

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LABORATORY: MATCHING TYPE

ORGAN SYSTEMS. Match the organs in Column A with their corresponding organ systems in Column
B.

Column A Column B
1. C Adrenal gland A. Cardiovascular
2. H Bronchial tree B. Digestive
3. A Capillaries C. Endocrine
4. B Large and small intestines D. Integumentary
5. I Ligaments E. Muscular
6. C Pituitary gland F. Nervous
7. D Skin G. Reproductive
8. F Spinal cord H. Respiratory
9. E Tendons I. Skeletal
10. G Testes and ovaries J. Urinary
11. J Ureters

ANATOMICALTERMS. Match the body parts in Column A with their corresponding anatomical terms
in Column B.

Column A Column B
12. K Ankle A. Antecubital
13. B Arm B. Brachial
14. H Groin C. Buccal
15. C Cheek D. Carpal
16. I Ear E. Cervical
17. A Front of elbow F. Crural
18. F Leg G. Femoral
19. E Neck H. Inguinal
20. G Thigh I. Otic
21. D Wrist J. Sural
K. Tarsal

DIRECTIONAL TERMS. Match the directions in Column A to their corresponding terms in Column B.

Column A Column B
22. LATERAL Away from the trunk A. Anterior
23. G Back B. Contralateral
24. A Front C. Distal
25. I Near the surface D. Ental
26. B Opposite side E. Inferior
27. F Same side F. Ipsilateral
28. J Towards the head G. Posterior
29. E Towards the foot H. Proximal
30. MEDIAL Towards the trunk I. Superficial
J. Superior

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DIRECTIONAL TERMS. Match the statements in Column A to their corresponding terms in Column
B.

Column A 40. The thumb is medial to the little finger.

31. The great toe is medial to the little toe. Column B
32. The vertebrae are located on the posterior A. Anterior
aspect of the body. B. Deep
33. The abdomen is inferior to the head. C. Distal
34. The lungs are intermediate to the D. Inferior
intestines. E. Lateral
35. The nose is located on the medial surface F. Medial
of the head. G. Posterior
36. The skin is superficial to the muscles H. Proximal
beneath it. I. Superficial
37. The hand is distal to the shoulder. J. Superior
38. The knee is proximal to the ankle.
39. The ear is on the intermediate aspect of
the head.

ABDOMINOPELVIC QUADRANTS. Match the organs in Column A to their corresponding body

cavities in Column B.

Column A Column B
41. Appendix C A. Left lower quadrant
42. Ascending colon D B. Left upper quadrant
43. Body of pancreas B C. Right lower quadrant
44. Cecum C D. Right upper quadrant
45. Duodenum B
46. Gallbladder D
47. Liver D
48. Sigmoid colon A
49. Spleen B
50. Stomach B

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After answering the pre-assessment activities, write everything that you Know about a topic. This
information is recorded in the K column of a K-W-L chart. Then generate a list of questions about what
you still Want to Know about the topic. These questions are listed in the W column of the chart. During
or after the lesson, answer the questions that you listed in the W column. This new information that you
have Learned is recorded in the L column of the K-W-L chart.

K W L
I can still recall some What I want to acquire about In my previous course, I can
concepts from my anatomy this subject is everything say that I had difficulties
and physiology class after related to it; because we are learning about directional
seeing the video lecture. If I still students, we want to terms, but after watching the
count them, I still remember improve our knowledge about lecture, I was able to swiftly
certain teachings in the eleven our course. I will be able to answer the module provided,
human systems and their use the knowledge that I will and I can say that learning
functions. In addition, the gain in the future and as a directional terms is easy with
directional and anatomical professional. your effective teaching,
terms helped me understand ma'am.
several medical terminologies
that we will see later in this
topic. The lecture is
specifically and discussed
than my previous teacher, and
that I understand it better and
more transparent.

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A Self-regulated Learning Module 9
 Explore

After engage comes explore, in which you carry out hands-on activities. Through your
interactions with the adapted resource material, deepen your understanding of the content.

Individual Task. Read and understand chapter 1 of our adapted resource material. Then,
derive your answer to the following questions. Answer completely, do not use abbreviations.
You understand that searching from Google is easier but it will not help you develop higher
order thinking skills. The process of reading the adapted resource material will sharpen and
stimulate your thinking capability. Help yourself now or regret later – your choice!
1. What is anatomy?
Anatomy is the foundation of medical practice. Whether performing a physical
examination or employing the most recent imaging tools, anatomy guides the clinician
toward a better understanding of a patient's ailment. Anatomy is also essential for
dentists, chiropractors, physical therapists, and anyone else that works with patients
and starts with a clinical sign analysis. As a result, the capacity to accurately evaluate
a clinical observation is the pinnacle of anatomical knowledge.

2. How can gross anatomy be studied with regional approach?

Each region of the body is studied separately, and all structures of that region are
studied simultaneously, using a regional approach. When studying a specific location,
all of its structures are interpreted. The vasculature, nerves, bones, muscles, and any
other tissues and organs situated in the thoracic region of the body are all included.

3. What structures are examined in regional anatomy?

It is being studied by specific region.

4. Fill-in-the- blanks. The anatomical position is the standard reference position of

the body used to describe the location of structures. The body is in the anatomical
position when standing upright with feet together, hands by the side and face
looking forward. The mouth is closed and the facial expression is neutral. The rim
of bone under the eyes is in the same horizontal plane as the top of the opening to
the ear, and the eyes are open and focused on something in the distance. The palms
of the hands face forward with the fingers straight and with the pad of the thumb
turned 90° to the pads of the fingers. The toes point forward.

5. Enumerate and describe briefly the three major groups of anatomical planes that
pass through the body in the anatomical position.
a. Coronal planes split the body into anterior and posterior sections and are
directed vertically.

b. Sagittal planes are vertically oriented but at right angles to coronal planes and
divide the body into right and left halves. A median sagittal plane is a plane
that runs through the center of the body, splitting it into equal right and left
halves.

c. The body is divided into superior and inferior portions by transverse,

horizontal, or axial planes.

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6. What are the three major pairs of terms are used to describe the location of
structures relative to the body as a whole or to other structures.
a. Anterior and posterior
b. Medial and lateral
c. Superior and inferior

7. What are the other terms used to describe positions?

a. Proximal and distal
b. Cranial and caudal
c. Rostral

8. What are the two other terms used to describe the position of structures in the body?
a. Superficial
b. Deep

9. What are the 5 major organ systems thoroughly discussed in chapter 1?

a. Muscular system
b. Nervous system
c. Endocrine system
d. Cardiovascular system
e. Lymphatic system

10. What are the other organ systems in which their specific information about the
organization and components will be discussed in the other chapters of the adapted
resource material?
a. Respiratory system
b. Digestive system
c. Urinary system

11. Give the divisions of the skeleton.

a. Axial
b. Appendicular

12. What consists of the skeletal system?

a. Bones
b. Cartilage

13. Enumerate the functions of the cartilage.

a. Support soft tissues
b. Provide a smooth, gliding surface for bone articulations at joints
c. Enable the development and growth of long bones.

14. What are the three types of cartilage?

a. Hyaline
b. Elastic
c. Fibrocartilage

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15. What are the functions of a bone?
a. supportive structures for the body
b. protectors of vital organs,
c. reservoirs of calcium and phosphorus,
d. levers on which muscles act to produce movement, and
e. containers for blood-producing cells.

16. What are the two types of bone tissues?

a. compact
b. spongy

17. What are the classification of bones by shape?

a. Short bones
b. Long bones
c. Flat bones
d. Irregular bones
e. Sesamoid bones

18. The vessel which is usually one per bone that directly enters the internal cavity of
the bone and supplies the marrow, spongy bone, and inner layers of compact bone.
Adjacent artery

19. It is the covering of the bone. Periosteum

20. A layer of cartilage that usually covers the articulating surfaces of the skeletal
elements. Hyaline cartilage

21. What are the two components of a joint capsule and their function?
a. Synovial joints are skeletal linkages in which the pieces involved are separated
by a narrow articular cavity
b. Solid joints are skeletal connections in which the neighboring surfaces are
connected together by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, most commonly
fibrocartilage.

22. What are the two components of a joint capsule and their function?
a. Synovial joints are skeletal linkages in which the pieces involved are separated
by a narrow articular cavity
b. Solid joints are skeletal connections in which the neighboring surfaces are
connected together by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, most commonly
fibrocartilage.

23. What are the additional structures within the area enclosed by the capsule or
synovial membrane and their function?
a. Articular discs absorb compression stresses, respond to changes in joint
surface shapes during motions, and extend the range of motion possible at
joints.
b. Fat pads are often found between the synovial membrane and the capsule and
move into and out of regions when joint shapes alter during movement.
c. Tendons are robust bands of fibrous connective tissue that connect muscle to
bone or muscle to muscle and are built to bear tension.

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24. Enumerate the description of synovial joints based on the shape of their articular
surfaces.
a. Plane joints allow for sliding or gliding motions when one bone travels across
the surface of another.
b. Hinge joints allow movement around a single axis that runs transversely
through the joint; they allow for flexion and extension.
c. Pivot joints allow movement about a single axis that runs longitudinally along
the bone's shaft; it also allows rotation.
d. Bicondylar joints are constructed by two convex condyles that articulate with
concave or flat surfaces and allow movement largely in one axis with little
rotation around a second axis.
e. Condylar (ellipsoid) joints allow movement around two axes that are
perpendicular to each other; these allow for flexion, extension, abduction,
adduction, and circumduction.
f. Saddle joints allow movement around two axes that are perpendicular to each
other; the articular surfaces are saddle-shaped. Flexion, extension, abduction,
adduction, and circumduction are all possible.
g. Ball and socket joints provide movement in several axes; they can be flexed,
extended, abducted, adducted, circumducted, and rotated.

25. Enumerate the description of synovial joints based on movement.

a. uniaxial movement in one plane
b. biaxial movement in two planes
c. multiaxial movement in three planes

26. Fibrous joints include

a. sutures
b. gomphoses
c. syndesmoses

27. Cartilaginous joints include

a. synchondroses
b. symphyses

28. The skin is the largest organ of the body. It consists of the
a. epidermis
b. dermis

29. Fascia is connective tissue containing varying amounts of fat that separate, support,
and interconnect organs and structures, enable movement of one structure relative to
another, and allow the transit of vessels and nerves from one area to another. There
are two general categories:
a. Superficial fascia
b. Deep fascia

30. Give the three types of muscle tissue and their characteristics - whether they are
controlled voluntarily or involuntarily, whether they appear striated (striped) or
smooth, and whether they are associated with the body wall (somatic) or with organs
and blood vessels (visceral).

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Muscle tissue Control Appearance Location

Skeletal It is used to move It consists of It is located in the

bones and other parallel bundles of muscle tissue in the

structures, and long, body.

provides support and multinucleated

gives form to the fibers with

body. transverse stripes.

Cardiac Its contractions are It consists of a it is found only in

less powerful than branching network the walls of the

those of skeletal of individual cells heart (myocardium)

muscle and it is linked electrically and in some of the

resistant to fatigue. and mechanically large vessels close

to work as a unit. to where they join

the heart

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 Smooth It is capable of slow It is consisting of It is found in the

and sustained elongated or walls of blood

contractions. spindle-shaped vessels (tunica

fibers capable of media), associated

slow and sustained with hair follicles in

contractions. the skin, located in

the eyeball, and

found in the walls of

various structures

associated with the

gastrointestinal,

respiratory,

genitourinary, and

urogenital systems.

31. What are the components of cardiovascular system and their function?
a. Heart- it pumps blood throughout the body
b. Blood vessels- closed network of tubes that transport the blood

32. Give the three types of blood vessels:

a. Arteries
b. Veins
c. Capillaries

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33. Give the walls of a blood vessel.
a. Tunica externa
b. Tunica media
c. Tunica intima

34. Arteries are usually further subdivided into what three classes, according to the
variable amounts of smooth muscle and elastic fibers?
a. Large elastic arteries
b. Medium muscular arteries
c. Small arteries and arterioles

35. Veins are usually further subdivided into what three classes?
a. Large veins
b. Small and medium veins
c. Venules

36. Give the function of a lymphatic vessel.

Lymphatic vessels primarily collect fluid lost from vascular capillary beds during
nutrition exchange activities and return it to the vascular system's venous side.

37. It is a protein-coated lipid droplets, which are released from the epithelial cells and
enter the interstitial compartment. chylomicrons

38. Lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine. lacteals

39. The fluid in most lymphatic vessels is clear and colorless and is known as lymph

40. What is carried by lymphatic vessels from the small intestine that is opaque and
milky because of the presence of chylomicrons. chyle

41. Give the function of the lymph nodes.

Lymph nodes function as sophisticated filters, trapping and phagocytozing particulate
particles in the lymph that flows through them.

42. Give the different lymph nodes.

a. Cervical nodes
b. Axillary nodes
c. Deep nodes
d. Tracheal nodes
e. Inguinal nodes

43. Give the major lymphatic vessels that drain into large veins in the neck.
a. Right jugular trunk
b. Right subclavian trunk
c. Left jugular trunk
d. Left subclavian trunk

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44. Give the structural division of the nervous system.
a. Peripheral nervous system
b. Central nervous system

45. Give the functional division of the nervous system.

a. Somatic nervous system
b. Visceral nervous system

46. Give the components of the CNS.

a. Brain
b. Spinal cord

47. Give the components of the PNS.

a. Cranial nerves
b. Spinal nerves
c. Peripheral nerves

48. Give the parts of the Brain.

a. Cerebral hemisphere
b. Cerebellum
c. Brainstem

49. The cerebral hemisphere consists of what?

a. Gray matter
b. White matter
c. Ventricles

50. Give the connective tissue covering of the brain and spinal cord from external to
internal.
a. Dura mater
b. Arachnoid mater
c. Pia mater

51. Generally, all sensory information passes into the posterior aspect of the spinal
cord, and all motor fibers leave anteriorly.

52. A dermatome is that area of skin supplied by a single spinal cord level, or on one
side, by a single spinal nerve. Meanwhile, a myotome is that portion of a skeletal
muscle innervated by a single spinal cord level or, on one side, by a single spinal
nerve.

53. The visceral part of the nervous system, as in the somatic part, consists of motor
and sensory components. The visceral motor component is commonly referred to as
the autonomic division of the PNS and is subdivided into sympathetic and
parasympathetic parts.

54. Give the two interconnected plexuses in the enteric nervous.

a. Submucosa nerve plexus
b. Myecentric plexus

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 55. Sensory and motor neurons within the enteric system control what reflex activity
within and between parts of the gastrointestinal system.
a. Nerve plexus
b. Somatic plexus
c. Visceral plexus

For the Laboratory: Be familiar with the Chapter 1 figures given in our adapted resource
material. Go over the parts and locations. You may use other references for clarification and
will help you be adept of the given structures.

Explain

Read again chapter 1 of Gray’s Anatomy for Students.

Once you have explored, attempt to explain to yourself what you have learned and may ask
help from me, if needed. I will try to explain concepts or terms you encountered during the
exploration that is still not clear to you during our synchronous discussion.

Elaborate

From there, you elaborate on your understanding, apply what you have learned to deepen
your skills. Please visit the given e-books. Answer the questions then check your answers on
the given key. Note the questions that you were not able to answer correctly and discover
why by going back to the lesson to be clarified.

Make sure you answer first before looking at the key answer or else you are defeating the
purpose to identify your strengths and weaknesses and target the areas that needs more
attention. You may go over all the exercises if needed. If you think you have already
mastered the topic, you may skip the other reference materials. Supposedly, the task will help
improve your learning.

1. Check your understanding

Gunstream, S.E. (2016). Anatomy & physiology with integrated study guide, fourth
edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

2. Review and Comprehension

Seeley, R.R., Stephens, T.D., & Tate, P. (2017). Anatomy & physiology, eighth
edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

3. Review Exercises
Shier, D., Butler, J., & Lewis, R. (2007). Hole's human anatomy &
physiology, eleventh edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

4. Review Questions
Scanlon, V.C. & Sanders, T. (2007). Essentials of Anatomy and physiology, fifth
edition. F. A. Davis Company.

5. Review Questions
Marieb, E. N. &Keller, S. M. (2018). Essentials of human anatomy &
physiology, twelfth edition. Pearson Education, Inc.

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 6. Study Guide (Chapter 1 Review)
Tortora, G. J. & Derrickson, B. (2017). Principles of human anatomy & physiology
15e. John Wiley & Sons, Inc

For laboratory:
Check out the reference material and answer the pre-lab activities, reviewing your
knowledge and using your knowledge of exercises 1 to 2.

Allen, C. & Harper, V. (2011). Laboratory manual for anatomy and physiology,
fourth edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Evaluate

In the final phase, evaluate, reflect on and provide evidence of your new understanding of the
material. Be ready with a summative assessment for both lecture and laboratory which will be
now graded to see how much you learned from the engage to elaborate activities. Schedule
will be announced, but usually it is given weekly and most probably last day of meeting in a
week.

A Self-regulated Learning Module 19