Homework 3 (Due 9/20)
1 – Air at a plant is found to contain 4 ppm of carbon tetrachloride (TLV-TWA = 10 ppm) and 25 ppm of
1,2-dichloroethane (TLV-TWA = 100 ppm) during the four hour morning shift from 8 am – noon.
Following a one hour lunch break in the cafeteria, the afternoon concentrations from 1:00 – 6:00 pm are
10 ppm of carbon tetrachloride and 80 ppm of 1,2-dichloroethane. Calculate the mixture TLV. Is the
average workplace air at this plant safe?
CCL4 = (4ppm*4 hrs + 10ppm*5 hrs) / 8 = 8.25
1,2-dichloroethane = (25ppm * 4 hrs + 80 *5 hrs) / 8 = 62.5
Combined exposure = 8.25/10 + 62.5/100 = 1.45
Because it exceeds 1 the chemical levels in the air for the workplace isn’t safe to work in.
2 – (3-14 from text book)
V= 15
VA = V*2/3, VB = V*1/3
pA = .87, pB = .657
grA = VA*1000*pA = 8.7*10^3
grB =VB*1000*pB = 3.285*10^3
VC = 1*8*60*60*100 =2.88*10^6
grC = (P*VC*MW)/RT = 2.12*10^6
grTot = grA+grB+grC
CA = 4.081*10^-3, CB = 1.541*10^-3, CC =.994
mix = (CAppm+CBppm)/(CAppm/100 + CBppm/50) = 78.4875 ppm
Ctot = CAppm+CBppm = 5.6223*10^3ppm
5.6223*10^3>78.4875 ppm
This show that the ventilation rate is undersized for this process and needs to be sized up.
3 - Look up the SDS for chloroform.
(a) what pictograms apply and what does each mean?
There is the Health hazard, skull and crossbones, and exclamation mark.
Health hazard- can cause serious health effects when exposed
Skull and cross bones- can cause serious death or toxicity even to small amounts
Exclamation mark- can cause less serious health effects or damages.
(b) what is the signal word?
Danger
(c) what first aid measures are recommended for ingestion?
If swallowed, immediately drink maximum of two glasses of water, and consult a physician.
4 – A certain plant operation evaporates 2 pint / hr of toluene and 1 pint / 8-hr shift of benzene.
Determine the ventilation rate required to maintain the vapor concentration below the TLV. The
temperature is 80 F and the pressure is 1 atm.
Volt = 2*473.176 ml/pint = 946.352 ml/hr
Masst = 946.352*.866 = 819.496 g/hr
Volb = 1/8 *473.176 ml/pint = 59.147 ml/hr
Massb = 59.147*.879 = 51.977 g/hr
Molst= 819.496/92.14 = 8.89mol/hr
Molb= 59.147/78.11 = .665mol/hr
Vt =nRT/P = 219.05 L/hr
Vb = nRT/p = 16.39 L/hr
Vent rate = 219.05 L/hr /2*10^-5 = 10950m^2/hr
Vent rate = 16.39 L/hr /5*10-7 = 32780m^2 /hr
Finding the final ventilation rate it shows the required amount is 32,780 m^3/hr for benzene for it to be
below the TLVs/
5- Worker exposure to noise in a plant is measured, resulting in the following readings for various time
periods during the 8-hour shift:
8 am – 9 am 86 dB
9 am- 11 am 84dB
11 am – 12 noon 81 dB
12 noon – 1 pm 101 dB
1 pm – 4 pm 75 dB
Has the PEL been exceeded? Has the AL been exceeded?
Using table 3-8 and equation D = Ci/Ti:
D = (1/12.9 + 0 +0 + 1/1.6 + 0) = 70.25% <100%
70.25% > 50%
For this plant PEL has not been exceeded, but it does exceed AL.
CHE 597
6 – A benzene chlorination plant is located within a structure that is 60 ft wide, 200 ft long, and 30 ft
high. For chemical processing inside buildings, a standard ventilation rate is 1.0 ft3/min per square
foot of floor area. The temperature is 70 F, pressure 1 atm, and the liquid specific gravity is 0.8794.
a) What is the overall ventilation rate required for this structure?
b) If 100 lb of benzene spills and forms a 0.1-inch deep pool on the flat concrete floor, what is the
evaporation rate for the benzene?
c) What concentration can be expected within the building due to this spill, assuming the
ventilation rate of part a.