A C Patil College Of Engineering Kharghar, Navi Mumbai
CENTROID (8 marks)
Centroid of standard figures
1 RECTANGLE
2 TRIANGLE
3 CIRCLE
4 SEMICIRCLE
5 QUARTER CIRCLE
Centroid of composite figures Prof [Link]
Mob:-9820472160
Engineering Mechanics
Centre of Gravity :-It is a point where the whole
weight of the body is assumed to act It is denoted by G
Centroid :-It is a geometrical centre of a plane figure
It is denoted by G
Ex Rectangle , triangle, circle etc.
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Y axis 1
Area a = b × d
𝑏
ഥ
𝑿 G ത
𝑋=
d 2
ഥ
𝒀
𝑑
X axis ത
𝑌=
b 2
2 Triangle 1
Area a = 𝑏 × ℎ
2
h 𝑏
ഥ𝑿
𝑿 ഥ
GG ത
𝑋=
ഥ
3
𝒀
ഥ
𝒀
ℎ
X axis ത
𝑌=
b 3
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
3
Y axis 𝜋𝑟 2
Area a =
2
G ത r
𝑋=
r
ഥ
𝒀 4𝑟
X axis ത
𝑌=
O ഥ
3𝜋
𝑿
Y axis
𝜋𝑟 2
Area a =
r 2
G 4𝑟
ത
𝑋=
ഥ
𝑿 3𝜋
ഥ
𝒀
ത r
𝑌=
X axis
O By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Y axis 4 Quarter circle
𝜋𝑟 2
Area a =
4
4𝑟
ത
𝑋=
ഥ
𝑿 G 3𝜋
ഥ
𝒀 4𝑟
X axis ത
𝑌=
O 3𝜋
5 circle
Area a = 𝜋𝑟 2
Y axis
ഥ
𝑿 G ത r
𝑋=
ഥ
𝒀
X axis ത r
𝑌=
O
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Centroid of composite shape
Y axis
1
X2
2
G1
G2
X1
G
X Y1
Y2
Y
X axis
a1 , a2 area of individual part 1 and 2
x1 , x2 X coordinte of individual part 1 and 2
y1 , y2 Y coordinte of individual part 1 and 2
X ,Y coordinte of centriod of whole figure
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Centroid of composite shape
Y axis a1 , a2
1
X2
2
G1
G2
x1 , x2
X1
G
X Y1 y1 , y2
Y2
Y
X axis
O
a1 x1 a2 x2 ax
X X i i
a1 a2 a i
a1 y1 a2 y2 Y
ay i i
Y
a1 a2 a i
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Area coordinates
Shape ai xi yi ai xi ai yi
RECTANGLE a1 x1 y1 a1 x 1 a1y1
SEMICIRCLE a2 x2 y2 a2 x 2 a2y2
a i ai xi a yi i
X
ax i i
Y
ay
i i
a i a i By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Y axis
1
Area a = b x d
ഥ
𝑿 G
d ത 𝑏
𝑋=
ഥ 2
𝒀 X axis
𝑑
b ത
𝑌= 2
Find the centroid of the following figure
a= 40x30=1200
12
20 X =12+(40/2)=32
15 Y = 8+(30/2)=23
30
8 a= 40x30 1200
x= 40/2=20
y=30/2=15
40
Y axis
2 Triangle 1
Area a = 𝑏 . ℎ
2
h 𝑏
ത
𝑋=
ഥ
𝑿 3
G
ഥ
𝒀 ℎ
X axis ത
𝑌=
Y axis 3
b
h
ഥ = 𝒃/𝟑
𝑿
ഥ = 𝒉/𝟑
𝒀
X axis
b
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Y axis
𝜋𝑟 2
a=
2
G
4𝑟
r
ഥ
𝑋ത = r ത
𝑌=
𝒀 3𝜋
X axis
O ഥ
𝑿
X r = 20 mm a = 𝜋 × 202 /2 =
4𝑟
3𝜋
X=
25 30
G Y=
Y
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Q1 Find the centroid of the figure as shown
Y axis
20 mm
24 mm
X axis
35 mm
Y axis
20 mm
24mm X1
Y1
X2 Y2
X axis
35 mm
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
20 mm
1 Rectangle
𝑎1 = 20 × 24 = 480𝑚2
24mm X1
Y1 20
𝑥1 = = 10m
X2 2
X axis
24
𝑦1 = = 12𝑚
2
20 mm 2 Triangle
15 × 24
𝑎2 = = 180 𝑚2
24mm 2
𝒃/𝟑
15
X2 Y2 𝒉/𝟑 𝑥2 = 20 + = 25 𝑚
3
X axis
24
𝑦2 = =8𝑚
35 mm 3
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
1 Rectangle
2 Triangle
𝑎1 = 20 × 24 = 480𝑚2
15 × 24
𝑎2 = = 180 𝑚2
20 2
𝑥1 = = 10m
2 15
𝑥2 = 20 + = 25 𝑚
24 3
𝑦1 = = 12𝑚
2 24
𝑦2 = =8𝑚
3
𝑎1 𝑥1 + 𝑎2 𝑥2 480 × 10 + 180 × 25
𝑋ത = = = 14.09 m
𝑎1 + 𝑎2 480 + 180
𝑎1 𝑦1 + 𝑎2 𝑦2 480 × 12 + 180 × 8
𝑌ത = = = 10.90 m
𝑎1 + 𝑎2 480 + 180
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Area coordinates
Shape ai yi ai xi ai yi
xi
RECTANGLE a1 x1 y1 a1x1 a1y1
TRIANGLE a2 x2 y2 a2x2 a2y2
a i a x
i i a y i i
X
ax i i Y
ayi i
a i
a i
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
TABULAR FORM :-
Area coordinates
y
Shape ai xi i ai xi ai yi
RECTANGLE 480 10 12 4800 5760
TRIANGLE 180 25 8 4500 1440
660 9300 7200
ai a xi i a y i i
X ax i i
9300
14.09cm
a i
660
Y ay i i
7200
10.90cm
a i
660
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Q 2 Find the centroid of the shaded area as shown
Y axis
5m
6m
Y1
X axis
8m
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Q 1 Find the centroid of the shaded area as shown
Y axis
1 + 2 _ 3
5m
X3
3
Y3
6m 1 2
X1
Y1
Y2
3 X axis
8m
X2
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
1 Rectangle 2 Triangle
3 Semicircle
𝑎1 = 6 × 5 = 30𝑚2 3×6
𝑎2 = = 9 𝑚2 𝜋 × 2.52
2
5 𝑎3 = = 9.81𝑚2
𝑥1 = = 2.5m 2
2 3
𝑥2 = 5 + = 6 𝑚 𝑥3 = 2.5m
3
6
𝑦1 = = 3𝑚 6 4𝑟 4 × 2.5
2 𝑦2 = = 2 𝑚 𝑦3 = 6 − =6− = 4.93m
3 3𝜋 3𝜋
𝑎1 𝑥1 + 𝑎2 𝑥2 − 𝑎3 𝑥3 30 × 2.5 + 9 × 6 − 9.81 × 2.5
𝑋ത = = = 3.579m
𝑎1 + 𝑎2 − 𝑎3 30 + 9 − 9.81
𝑎1 𝑦1 + 𝑎2 𝑦2 − 𝑎3 𝑦3 30 × 3 + 9 × 2 − 9.81 × 4.93
𝑌ത = = = 2.039 m
𝑎1 + 𝑎2 − 𝑎3 30 + 9 − 9.81
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Area coordinates
Shape ai xi ai yi
ai xi yi
1 RECTANGLE 30 2.5 3 75 90
2 TRIANGLE 9 6 2 54 18
3 SEMICIRCLE - 9.817 2.5 4.939 -24.54 -48.36
29.18 104.46 59.64
a i a x i i a y
i i
X ax i i
104.46
3.579m Y
ayi i
59.64
2.039m
a i
29.18 a i
29.18
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Q 3 Find the centroid of the shaded area as shown
Y axis
R2 = 20 cm
R1=10
X axis
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Y axis
R2 = 20 𝜋𝑟 2 𝜋202
𝑎1 = = = 314.15
1 4 4
4𝑟 4 × 20
𝑥1 = = = 8.48
3𝜋 3𝜋
4𝑟 4 × 20
𝑦1 = = = 8.48
3𝜋 3𝜋
2 𝜋𝑟 2 𝜋102
R1=10 𝑎2 = = = 157.15
2 4
𝑥2 = 10
X axis
𝑎1 𝑥1 − 𝑎2 𝑥2 4𝑟 4 × 10
𝑋ത = = 6.96 𝑦2 = = = 4.24
𝑎1 − 𝑎2 3𝜋 3𝜋
𝑎1 𝑦1 − 𝑎2 𝑦2
𝑌ത = = 12.71
𝑎1 − 𝑎2
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Q 4 Find the centroid of the shaded area as shown
Y- Axis R=50
100
40
X- Axis
100 40
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Y- Axis R=50
X3 3 1
1 − 2 − 3
100 Y3
X1
Y1 40
2 40/3
X- Axis
100 40
2X40/3
X2 40/3
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
1 Rectangle 3 Semicircle
𝑎1 = 140 × 100 = 14000
𝜋 × 502
𝑎3 = = 3926.99
140 2
𝑥1 = = 70
2 𝑥3 = 50
100 4𝑟 4 × 50
𝑦1 = = 50 𝑦3 = 100 − = 100 − = 78.77
2 3𝜋 3𝜋
2 Triangle
40 × 40
𝑎2 = = 800
2 𝑎1 𝑥1 − 𝑎2 𝑥2 − 𝑎3 𝑥3
𝑋ത = = 73.58
2 × 40 𝑎1 − 𝑎2 − 𝑎3
𝑥2 = 100 + = 126.66
3
1 × 40 𝑎1 𝑦1 − 𝑎2 𝑦2 − 𝑎3 𝑦3
𝑦2 = = 13.33 𝑌ത = = 40.98
3 𝑎1 − 𝑎2 − 𝑎3
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Area coordinates
Shape ai yi ai xi ai yi
xi
1 RECTANGLE a1 x1 y1 a1x1 a1y1
2 TRIANGLE a2 x2 y2 a2x2 a2y2
3 SEMICIRCLE
a3 x3 y3 a3x3 a3y3
a i a x i i a y i i
X
ax i i
Y
ay
i i
a i a i
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
Q 5 Locate the centroid of the shaded area shown
in the figure below. DEC 2021(5marks)
Y Axis
900 mm
R=500 mm
700 mm
900 mm
X Axis
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH
900 mm
R=500 mm
1 700 mm
3
900 mm
1–2–3
2 200 mm
900 × 200
𝑎1 = 900 × 900 = 810000 𝑎2 = = 90000
2
900 2 × 900
𝑥1 = = 450 𝑥2 = = 600
2 3
900 1 × 200
𝑦1 = = 450 𝑦2 = = 66.66
2 3
1 Rectangle/Square 3 Quarter circle
𝑎1 = 900 × 900 = 810000
𝜋 × 5002
𝑎3 = = 196349.5
900 4
𝑥1 = = 450
2
4 × 500
𝑥3 = = 212.2
900 3𝜋
𝑦1 = = 450
2
4𝑟 4 × 500
𝑦3 = 900 − = 900 − = 687.79
2 Triangle 3𝜋 3𝜋
900 × 200
𝑎2 = = 90000
2 𝑎1 𝑥1 − 𝑎2 𝑥2 − 𝑎3 𝑥3
𝑋ത = = 513.38mm
2 × 900 𝑎1 − 𝑎2 − 𝑎3
𝑥2 = = 600
3
1 × 200 𝑎1 𝑦1 − 𝑎2 𝑦2 − 𝑎3 𝑦3
𝑦2 = = 66.66 𝑌ത = = 426.72mm
3 𝑎1 − 𝑎2 − 𝑎3
By Prof. M C DESHMUKH