APPENDIX I
COMBINING FORMS, PREFIXES, SUFFIXES
(combining form - meaning)
a – without; no; not andro – male
ab - away from aneurysmo - aneurysm
abdomeno – abdomen angio – vessel
-ac – pertaining to ankylo – crooked; bent; stiff
acanthoo – thorny; spiny ante - before; forward
acetabulo – acetabulum (hip antero - front
socket) anthraco - coal dust
acouo – hearing anti - against
acro – extremities aorto – aorta
acuo - sharp aponeuro – aponernosis (type of
ad – forward tendon)
adamanto- enamel appendo – appendix
adeno – gland appendico – appendix
adenoido - adenoids aqueo- water
adipo – fat -ar – pertaining to
adreno - adrenal glands -arche - beginning
adrenalo - adrenal glands arteriolo – arteriole; small artery
aero – air arterio - artery
agglutino – clumping; sticking arthro - joint
together articulo – joint
-al – pertaining to -ary - pertaining to
albo – white -ase – enzyme
albumino – protein -asthenia – lack of strength
algesio - excessive sensitivity to atelo- incomplete
pain athero – yellowish plaque; fatty
-algia - pain substance
alveolo - air sac, alveolus atrio - atrium
amblyo - dull; dim audio - hearing
amnio- amnion(sac in which auri - ear
emryo develops) auro - ear
amphi – on both sides auto – self
amylo - starch axillo - armpit
an – no; not; without azoto – nitrogen; urea
ano – anus bacterio – bacteria
ana – up; again; backward balano – glans penis
bartholino – Bartholin’s glands cerebro – brain; cerebrum
baso - base cerumino – cerumen(wax in inner
bene - good ear)
bi – two cervico – neck; neck of uterus
bio - life cheilo - lip
bili – bile; gall chemo – drug; chemical
bilirubino - bilirubin chiro - hand
-blast – immature; embryonic chole - bile; gall
blepharo – eyelid cholecysto – gallbladder
bolo – cast; throw choledocho – common bile duct
brachio - arm chorio – chorion; extra-embrionic
brady - slow membrane
bronchio - bronchial tube chondro - cartilage
broncho - bronchial tube chromo- color
bronchiolo- bronchiole; small chrono – time
bronchus cibo – meals
bucco - cheek -cidal - killing
burso – bursa (sac of fluid near cineo- movement
joints) ciso - cut
calco - calcium -clast – break
calcaneo – calcaneus (heel bone) claviculo – clavicle(collar bone)
calcio – calcium -clysis – washing; irrigation
calio - calyx -coccus(-cocci,pl.) - berry-shaped
-capnia – carbon dioxide coccygo – coccyx; tail bone
carcino - cancer colo – colon(large intestine)
cardio – heart colpo - vagina
cario – caries con – with; together
carpo - wrist conio – dust
cata – down conjunctivo - conjubctiva
caudo – tail; lower part of body contra – against; opposite
causo – burn coro- pupil
cautero – heat; burn coreo- pupil
ceco – cecum(first part of large corneo - cornea
intestine) corono - heart
-cele- hernia cortico - cortex
celio – abdomen; belly costo - rib
cemento - cement cranio – skull
-centesis - surgical puncture to craso- disease; mixture
remove fluid -crine – secrete; separate
cephalo – head -crit - separate
cerebello- cerebellum crino - secrete
cryo – cold ecto – outside; out
crypto – hidden -ectomy - surgical
culdo – cul-de- sac removal;excision; resection
cusis- hearing electro - electricity
cutaneo - skin em – in
cyano – blue -emesis - vomitig
cyclo - ciliary body of eye -emia - blood condition
-cyesis - pregnancy emmetro- in due measure
cysto - urinary bladder; sac of -empraxis – obstruction; blockage
fluid en – in; within
-cyte - cell enamelo - enamel
cyto - cell encephalo - brain
-cytosis - condition of cell endo - within
dacryo – tear entero - intestines
dacryoadeno – tear gland eosino – pink; dawn-colored
dacryocysto – tear sac; lacrimal epi – above; upon
sac epididymo - epididymis
dactylo - finger (toe) epiglotto – epiglottis
de - lack of episio – vulva
denti – tooth -er – one who
dentino- dentin ergo- work
-derma - skin erythemo- redness
dermato - skin erythro – red
dermo – skin eso - inward
-desis – binding, fusion esophago - esophagus
di – complete esthesio – feeling
dia – complete, through estro- female
diaphoro - sweat ethmo - sieve
diplo- double etio-cause
dipso - thirst eu - good
disto - far ex - out
dorso – back exo – outside
-drome - run fascio - fascia
ducto - to lead; carry femoro - femur
duodeno - duodenum fibulo – fibula
duro - dura mater fibrino- fibrin
dys – bad; painful; difficult fluoro- luminous
ec – out: outside folliculo - small sac
echo - sound furco – branching
-ectasia – stretching; dilation -fusion – pour
-ectasis- stretching; dilation ganglio - ganglion
gastro – stomach -ia – condition; process
geno –producing; beginning -iasis - condition
-genesis – development; iatro – physician
production; origin;condition of -ic – pertaining to
germo- seed; sprout idio-individual;own; self
gingivo – gums ileo - ileum
glauco- gray ilio - ilium
glio – glue; neurologlial tissue immuno – safe; protection
-globin - protein in – in; not
-globulin - protein infra – below; inferior
glomerulo - glomerulus inguino - groin
glosso - tongue inter - between
gluco - sugar intra – within
glyco – sugar iono - charged particles
glycogeno - glycogen irido – iris
gnatho – jaw iro - iris
gnoso - knowlege ischio - ischium
gonado - sex glands ischo - to hold back
gono – seed iso - equal
-grade - go -ist - specialist
-gram - record -itis - inflammation
granulo - granules jejuno - jejunum
-graph - instrument for recording kali - potassium
-graphy - process of recording karyo - nucleus
gravido- pregnancy kerato – cornea; horny; hard
gyneco – woman; female kinesio – movement
hemo - blood kypho - humpback
hemato - blood labia - lip
hemi - half lacrimo - tear
hepato – liver lacto – milk
hernio- hernia lamino - lamina
hidro - sweat laparo – abdomen; abdominal wall
histo – tissue laryngo – larynx; voice box
histio - tissue latero - side
homeo- constant leiomyo - smooth muscle
humero - humerus leuko - white
hydro - water ligamento - ligament
hyper – above; excessive linguo - tongue
hypno - sleep lipo – fat
hypo – under; below; deficient -lith – stone; calculus
hystero – uterus; womb litho – stone; calculus
lobo - lobe muta - genetic change
-logy – science; study myco – fungus; mold
lordo – swayback; curve myelo - bone marrow
luco- light; transparent myelo - spinal cord
lumbo - lower back; loins myo - muscle
lympho – lymph myoso – muscle
lymphedema – lymph gland myringo- eardrum
lymphangio – lymph vessels mixo - mucus
-lysis – destruction; break down narco – numbness; stupor
- lytic – pertainig to destruction naso - nose
macro - large nati – birth
mal - bad natro- sodium
-malacia - softening necro – death
mammo - breast necto – bind; tie; connect
mandibulo - lower jaw neo - new
masto - breast nephro - kidney
mastoido – mastoid process neuro - nerve
maxillo - upper jaw neutro – neutral
medio- middle nocti- night
medullo - medulla normo - normal
-megaly - enlargement nucleo - nucleus
melano – black oculo - eye
meno – menses; menstruation odonto – tooth
meningio - meninges -odynia - pain
meningo - meninges -oid – resembling
mento- chin -ole – small; little
meso – middle olecrano - elbow
meato- meatus oligo – scanty
meta – beyond; change; near -ology – study of
metacarpo - metacarpas -oma - tumor
-meter - measure onco – tumor; mass
metrio – uterus onycho – nail
metro – uterus ovo - egg
mio – small; less than oophoro - ovary
micro – small -opaque – dark
mimetic – mimic; copy opaco- dark
mito- thread ophthalmo - eye
mono - one -opia - vision
morpho – shape -opsy - view
morto - death -or – one who
muco - mucus orchido - testis
orchio - testis -pexy - fixation
orcho - testis -phagia – eating; swallowing
oro – mouth phago - eat; swallow
-orrhea - flow phalango - phalanges
-orrhagia - bursting forth of blood pharmaco – drug; chemical
-orhaphy – suture pharyngo – pharynx; throat
-orrhexis - rupture phaso – speech
ortho - straight pheo - dusky
-osis – condition; abnormal -pheresis - removal
-osmia - smell -philia - attraction for
osteo – bone philo – attraction to
-ostomy – make a new opening phlebo – vein
oto – ear phobo - fear
-otomy – incision; cut into -phobia - fear
-ous – pertaining to -phonia - sound
ovario - ovary -phonia - voice
ovo - egg -phoresis - transmission
oxo – oxygen -phoria - feeling
pachy- thick, heavy photo - light
pachyo- thick, heavy phreno – diaphragm
palato- palate phreno – mind
pan - all -phylaxis - protection
pancreato - pancreas -physio- nature
papillo - nipple-like -physis – growth
para – near; beside pineo- breathing
-para - birth -plasia - development
parathyroido – rarathyroid glands - plasm - growth
-paresis - slight paralysis -plasty - surgical repair
- partum – delivery; birth; labour -plegia - paralysis
patello – knee cap pleo- more
patho - disease pleuro – pleura
-pathy - disease plexo - plexus
pectoro - chest -pnea - breathing
pelvi – pelvis pneo - breathing
pelvo - pelvis pneumo - lung
-penia - deficiency pneumono – lung
-pepsia - digestion -poiesis – formation
per - through poikilo- irregular
peri – surrounding polio- gray matter
perineo - perineum ponto - pons
peritoneo - peritoneum poly – many
polypo- polyp -rrhexis – rupture
-porosis - passage salpingo – fallopian tube;
post - after eustachian tube
postero - back -salpinx – fallopian tube
-prandial – meal sacro – sacrum
pre – before sarco- flesh
presbyo- old age scapulo - shoulder blade
pro – before schisis – cleft
proteo- first scinti- spark
proteo - protein scirrho- hard
proto - first sclero - sclera
procto - anus -sclerosis – hardening
prostato - prostate gland scolio – crooked; bent
proximo - near -scope - instrument for visual
pseudo - false examination
psycho - mind scopo - visual examination
-ptosis - drooping scoto - darkness
-ptysis – spitting sebo - sebum
pubo – pubic bone sectio - cut
pulmono – lung semi - half
pulpo- pulp sepso - infection
pupillo - pupil sialo – saliva
pyelo - renal pelvis sialadeno – salivary glands
pyloro - pylorus sidero - iron
pyo - pus sigmoido - sigmoid colon
pyro – fever sinuso – sinus
rachio – spinal column somo- body
radi - root somato – body
radio – rays; radius somno – sleep
re - back sono - sound
recto - rectum squamo- scale
reno - kidney -spasm – sudden contraction of
reticulo - network muscles
retino - retina spermato - spermatozoa
retro – behind spermo – spermatozoa
rhabdomyo – striated muscle spheno - wedge
rhino – nose sphero – globe-shaped
ribo- sugar sphygmo - pulse
roentgeno – x-rays spino - spine
-rrhaphy - suture spiro - breathing
-rrhea - flow spleno - spleen
spondylo – vertebra -therapy - treatment
squamo - scale thermo - heat
-stalsis – contraction thoraco - chest
stapedo – stapes -thorax – pleural cavity
staphylo- grapes thrombo - clot
-stasis – stop thymo - thymus gland
-static – stopping thyro - thyroid gland
steato - fat thyroid – thyroid gland
-stenosis - tightening -tic – pertaining to
sterno – sternum tibio – tibia
stetho - chest -tocin – labour; delivery
stereo- three-dimensional -tome - instrument to cut
stero- solid tomo - cut
-sthenia - strength -tomy – surgical cutting
stomato - mouth tonsillo - tonsils
-stomy - to make a new opening topo- place
strepto- twisted chains -tocia - delivery
sub - under toxico - poison
submaxillo - lower jaw toxo - poison
super - above tracheo - trachea
supra - above trans – across
sym - together -tresia - opening
syn – together tricho - hair
syndesmo – ligament -trophy – development,
synovio- synovia nourishment
syringo – tube -tropia - turn
tachy – fast tympano - eardrum
taxo- order -ule – small
taxo - coordination ulno - ulna
tele – distant ultra - beyond
teno – tendon unguo - nail
tendo – tendon uretero - ureter
tendino - tendon urethro - urethra
terato- monster -uria – urination; urine
testo - testis uro – urine
thalamo – thalamus uveo- vascular layer of the eye
thalasso – sea utero – uterus
theo – put; place vagino - vagina
thelo - nipple valvo - valve
theco- sheath, meningeal vaso - vessel
covering veno - vein
ventriculo – ventricle vitreo - glassy
ventro – belly vulvo - vulva
venulo - venule xantho - yellow
vertebro - vertebra xeno- foreign
vesico - urinary bladder xero – dry
viro - virus -y - condition
viscero - internal organs zoo - animal life
vita - life zymo- catalyst
vito - life
(meaning - combining form)
abdomen - abdomino atrium - atrio
abdomen - celio attraction for - -philia
abdominal wall – laparo attraction to - philo
abnormal – para- away from – ab-
above – epi- back - dorso
above – hyper- back – postero
above – super- back – re-
above – supra- back – retro-
acetabulum – acetabulo back, lower – lumbo
across – trans- backbone – spino
adenoids – adenoido backward – ana-
adrenal glands – adreno bacteria - bacterio
adrenal glands - adrenalo bad – dys-
after – post- bad – mal-
again – ana- Bartholians gland – bartholino
against – anti- Base - baso
against – contra- before – ante-
air – aero before – pre-
air – pneumono before – pro-
air - pneumo beginning - -arche
air sac, alveolus - alveolo beginning – geno
all – pan- behind – post-
alveolus - alveolo behind – retro-
amnion - amnio belly - celio
aneurysm - aneurysmo belly side – ventro
animal life - zoo bellow – hypo-
anus - ano below – infra-
anus and rectum - procto bellow – sub-
aorta – aorto bent – ankylo
aponeurosis - aponeuro bent - scolio
appendix - appendo berry-shaped - -coccus
appendix - appendico beside – para-
arm – brachio between – inter-
arm bone, lower jaw – radio between – meta-
arm bone, lower jaw – ulno beyond –hyper-
arm bone, upper – humero beyond – meta-
armpit - axillo beyond – ultra-
arteriole - arteriolo bile - bili
artery - arterio bile – chole
bile duct,common – choledocho calcaneus – calcaneo
bilirubin – bilirubino calcium - calco
bind – necto calcium – calico
binding - -desis calculus - litho
birth – nati calyx - calio
bsrth - -para cancer - carcino
birth - -partum carbon dioxide - -capnia
birth - -tocia carpus – carpo
black – melano carry – ducto
bladder – cysto carrying - -phoresis
bladder – vesico cartilage – chondro
blockage - -emphraxis cast, to – bolo
blood - hemato catalyst – zymo
blood - hemo cause – etio
blood condition - -emia cavity – sinuso
blue - cyano caries - cario
body - somato cecum - ceco
body - -some cell - -cyte
body - somo cell – cyto
bone - osteo cells, condition of - -cytosis
bone marrow – myelo cement - cemento
both sides – amphi- cerebellum - cerebello
brain – cerebro cerumen – cerumino
brain - encephalo cervix – cervico
branching – furco change – meta-
break - -clast change, genetic – muta
breakdown - -lysis charged particles - iono
breast - mammo cheek – bucco
breast – masto chemical – chemo
breastbone - sterno chemical - pharmaco
breathing - spiro chest – pectoro
breathing - pneo chest - stetho
breathing - -pnea chest - thoraco
breathing - pneo chest - -thorax
bronchial tube - bronchio chorion - chorio
bronchial tube - broncho chin - mento
bronchiole – bronchiolo ciliary body - cyclo
burn – causo clavicle - claviculo
burn - cautero cleft - -schisis
bursa - burso clot – thrombo
bursting forth of blood - -orrhagia clumping – agglutino
clusters - staphylo death – necro
coal dust - anthraco deficiency – hypo-
coccyx - coccygo deficiency - -penia
cold – cryo delivery - -tocin
collar bone - claviculo delivery - - partum
colon - colo delivery - - tocia
colon - colono destroy - -lysis
color – chromo dentin - dentino
common bile duct – choledocho destruction - -lytic
complete – di- development - -plasia
complete – dia- development – plaso
condition - -ia development - -trophy
condition - -iasis development - -tropin
condition, usually abnormal - - development, production, orogin -
osis -genesis
condition - -y diaphragm – phreno
condition of cell - cytosis difficult – dys-
conjubctiva – conjunctivo digestion - -pepsia
connect - necto dilation - -ectasia
constant - homeo dilation – ectasis
contriction - -stalsis dim – amblyo
contraction of muscles - -spasm discharge - -orrhea
control - -stasis disease - craso
controlling - -static disease - patho
coordination - taxo disease process - -pathy
copy - -mimetic distant – teleo
cornea - corneo down – cata-
cornea - kerato dropping - -ptosis
cortex – cortico double - diplo-
crooked – ankylo drug - chemo
cul-de-sac – culdo drug – pharmaco
curve – lordo drug - chemo
cut - ciso dry – xero
cut - sectio duct – vaso
cut into - - otomy dull - amblyo
cyst - cysto duodenum - duodeno
dark - opaco dura mater – duro
dark - -opaqo dusky - pheo
darkness – scoto dust - conio
dawn-colored – eosino ear - auri
death - morto ear - auro
ear – oto fear - phobo
eardrum - myringo feeling - esthesio
eardrum - tympano feeling - -phoria
eat - phago female – estro
eating - -phagia female - gyneco
egg – ovo femur - femoro
elbow - olecrano fever – pyro
electricity – electro fibers - fibro
embryonic - -blast fibrin - fibrino
enamel - adamanto fibula – fibula
enamel - enamelo fibula - peroneo
enlargement - -megaly finger (toe) – dactylo
enzyme - -ase finger bones – phalango
epididymus - epididymo finger-like – papillo
epiglottis - epiglotto first - proto
equal - iso first - proteo-
erain - encephalo fixation - -pexy
esophagus - esophago flesh - sarco
eustachian tube – salpingo flow - -rrhea
examination(visual) – scopo flow –orrhea
excess – ultra- flushed – erythema
excessive – hyper- follicle – folliculo
excision - -ectomy forking – furco
excessive sensitivity to pain - form - morpho
algesio foreign – xeno
extremities - acro formation – plaso
eye - oculo formation - -plasia
eye - ophthalmo formation - -plasm
eyelid - blepharo formation - -poiesis
fallopian tube – salpingo forming, condition of - -genesis
fallopian tube - -salpinx forward – ante-
false – pseudo- front - antero
far – disto fungus – myco
far - teleo gall – bili
fascia - fascio gall - chole
fast – tachy- gallbladder – cholecysto
fat - adipo ganglion – ganglio
fat – lipo ganglion – -ganglion
fat – steato genetic change – muta
fatty substance - athero gland – adeno
fear - -phobia glans penis – balano
glassy - vitreo hip – pelvi
globe-shaped - sphero hip – pelvo
glomerulus – glomerulo hip socket - acetabulo
glue – glio hold back – ischo
glycogen – glycogeno horny - kerato
go - -grade humerus – humero
going – iono humpback - kypho
good – bene- ileum - ileo
good – eu- ilium - ilio
granules - granulo immature cell - -blast
grapes - staphylo in – em-
gray - glauco in - -en
gray matter – polio- in – in
groin - inguino in due measure – emmetro
growth - -physis incision - -otomy
growth - -plasia incision - -tomy
growth - plasm incomplete – atelo
gum - gingivo individual – idio-
hair - tricho inferior – infra-
half – hemi- infection - sepso
half – semi- inflammation -itis
hand – chiro instrument to cut - -tome
hand bone – metacarpo instrument to record - -graph
hard - kerato instrument to visual examination -
hard - scirrho scope
hardening - -sclerosis internal organs - viscero
head - cephalo intestine, small – entero
hearing - acouo intestine, large – colo
hearing - audio inward – eso-
hearing - - cusis ion - iono
heart - cardio iris - irido
heart – corono iris - iro
heart muscle - myocardio iron - sidero
heat - cautero irregular – poikilo
heat - thermo irrigating - -clysis
heavy – pachy ischium – ischio
heavy – pachyo jaw bone, lower – mandibulo
heel bone - calcaneo jaw bone, lower – submaxillo
hernia - -cele jaw bone,upper - maxillo
hernia - hernio jaw - gnatho
hidden – crypto jejunum - jejuno
joint - arthro lung - pneumo
joint – articulo lung - pneumono
joint fluid - synovio lung - pulmono
kidney - nephro lymph – lympho
kidney - reno lymph gland – lymphadeno
killing - -cidal lymph vessels - lymphangino
knee cap – patella make a new opening - -stomy
knowledge – gnoso male - andro
labour - -partum many – poly-
labour - -tocia mass - onco
labour - -tocin mastoid process - mastoido
lack of - de- meal - -prandial
lacrimal duct – lacrimo msal - cibo
lacrimal sac – dacryocysto measure - -meter
lamina - lamino medulla – medullo
large – macro- membrains – meningo
large intestine - colo membrains – meningio
larynx – laryngo meninges – meninges
lead, to – ducto menses – meno
leaving agent - zymo metacarpals - metacarpo
life - bio menstruation - meno
life – vita meatus - meato
life - vito medullary - medullo
ligament - ligamento meninges - meningio
ligament - syndesmo middle – medio
light - luco middle - medullo
light – photo middle – meso-
like, to - philo midle ear - tympano
lip - cheilo milk - lacto
lip – labio mimic – -mimetic
little - -ole mind - phreno
little - -ule mind – psycho
liver - hepato mixture – craso
lobe – lobo mold - myco
location - topo monster - terato-
lower back – lumbo more - pleo
loins – lumbo mouth - oro
love - philo mouth - stomato
lower jaw - mandibulo movement - cineo
lower jaw - submaxillo movement - kinesio
luminous - fluoro mucus – muco
muscle - myxo one who - -er
muscle - myo one who - -or
muscle – myoso ones own - idio
muscle, smooth – leiomyo opening - -tresia
muscle, striated – rhabdomyo opening, new - -ostomy
mutation – muta- opposite – contra-
nail - onycho order - normo
nail - unguo order - taxo
nature - -physio out – ex-
near – meta- out – ec-
near – para- out - -ecto
near - proximo outside – ec-
neck – cervico outside – ecto-
neck of the uterus – cervico outside - exo
neither - neutro ovary - oophoro
nerve - neuro ovary – ovario
network – reticulo oviducts - salpingo
neurological tissue - glio oxygen - oxo
neutral – neutron pain - -algia
new – neo pain - -odynia
night – nocti pain, excessive sensitivity to –
nipple - thelo algesio
nipple-like - papillo painful – dys-
nitrogen - azoto palate – palate
no - -a palsy - -plegia
no - -an pancreas - pancreato
no strength - -asthenia paralysis - -plegia
normal - normo paralysis, slight - -paresis
nose - naso parathyroid gland - parathyroido
nose – rhino passage - -porosis
not - -a paste – athero
not - -an patella – patella
nourishment - -trophy pelvic bone and cavity - prlvo
nourishment - -tropin peineum - perineo
nucleus - karyo pelvis - pelvi
nucleus - nucleo peritoneum - peritoneo
numbness - narco pertainig to destruction - lytic
-obstruction, blockage - empraxis pertaining to - -ac
old age – presbyo pertaining to - -ic
on – epi- pertaining to - -ous
one – mono pertaining to - -al
pertaining to - -ar pupil - pupillo
pertaining to - -ary pus - pyo
pertaining to - -tic pylorus – pyloro
pertaining to stopping - -static radioactivity – radio
phalanges - phalango radius - radio
pharynx - pharyngo rays – radio
physician - iatro record - -gram
pink - eosino recording, processof - -graphy
place - topo rectum – recto
pleura - pleuro red - eosino
plexus - plexo red - erythro
poison - toxico redness – erythema
poison - toxo removal - -ectomy
polyp - polypo removal -pheresis
pons – ponto renal pelvis – pyelo
porridge – athero resection - -ectomy
position - topo resembling - -oid
potassium – kali retina - retino
pour, to - -fusion ribs – costo
pregnancy - -cyesis rosy – eosino
pregnancy – gravido round – sphere
process - -ia rule – normo
process - -y run - -drome
producing – geno root - radi
producing - -genesis rupture - -rrhexis
prolapse - -ptosis sac, small – alveolo
process of recording - graphy sac, small – folliculo
prostatic gland - prostato sac of fluid - cysto
protection – immune sacrum - sacro
protection - -phylaxis safe – immune
protein – albumin sagging - -ptosis
protein - proteo saliva – sialo
protein - -globin salivary glands – sialadeno
protein - -globulin same – iso
pubic bone - pubo sameness - homeo
pulp - pulpo scale - squamo
pulse – sphygmo scanty – oligo
puncture to remove fluid - - scapula – scapula
centesis sclera – sclera
pupil - coreo sea - thalasso
pupil - coro science - -logy
sebum - sebo smell - -osmia
secrete - -crine smooth muscle - leiomyo
secrete – crino sodium – natro
section - -tomy soft - meddulo
seed - germo softening - -malacia
seed - gono solid – stereo
self – auto solid structure - stero
self – idio sound - echo
seminal vessels – vesiculo sound - -phonia
sensation – esthesio sound - sono
separate - -crine spark - scinti
separate - -crit specialist - -ist
separate - -lysis speech - phaso
sex glands - gonado spermatozoa - spermato
shape – morpho spermatozoa – spermo
sharp - acuo sphenoid bone – spheno
sheath, meningeal covering - spinal column - rachio
theco spinal cord - myelo
shoulder blade – scapula spine – spino
shield – thyro spiny - acantho
shin bone - tibio spitting - -ptysis
side – latero spleen – spleno
sieve - ethmo sprout - germo
sigmoid colon – sigmoido stapes - stapedo
single - mono starch - amylo
sinus – sinuso sternum – sterno
skeletal muscle - rhabdomyo sticking together – agglutino
skin - cutaneo stiff - ankylo
skin - dermato stomach - gastro
skin - dermo stone - lith
skin -derma stone - litho
skull - cranio stop - -stasis
sleep - hypno stopping - -static
slight paralysis - -paresis straight - ortho
slow - brady strength - -sthenia
small - micro strength, lack of - -asthenia
small - mio stretching - ectasia
small - ole stretching - -ectasis
small - -ule stricture - -stenosis
small intestine - entero striated muscle – rhabdomyo
small sac - folliculo study of - -logy
study of - -ology throat – pharyngo
stupor - nacro through – dia-
sudden contraction of muscles - - through – per-
spasm throw - bolo
sugar - gluco thymus gland - thymo
sugar - glyco thyroid gland – thyro
sugar - ribo thyroid gland - thyroido
surgical cutting - -tomy tibia – tibio
surgical puncture -centesis tie - necto
surgical removal - -ectomy tightening - -stenosis
surgical repaire - -plasty time - chrono
surrounding – peri- tissue – histo
suture - -orrhaphy tissue – histio
swallow – phago toe – dactyl
swallowing - -phagia toe bones – phalango
swayback – lordo together – con-
sweat - diaphoro together – sym-
sweat - hidro together – syn-
synovia - synovio tongue – glosso
tail – caudo tongue – linguo
tailbone - coccygo tonsils – tonsillo
tear - dacryo tooth – denti
tear – lacrimo tooth – odonto
tear duct – lacrimo toward – ad-
tear gland – dacryoadeno trachea – trachea
tear sac – dacryocysto transmission - -phoresis
tendon – teno transparent – luco
tendon – tendo treatment - -therapy
tendon - tendino tube – syringo
testes - testo tumor - -oma
testis - orcho tumor – onco
testis - orchido turn - -tropia
thalamus - thalamo twisted chains – strepto
thick - pachy two – bi-
thick - pachyo ulna – ulno
thigh bone - femoro unchanging - homeo
thirst – dipso under – hypo-
thorny - acantho under – sub-
thread – mito up – ana-
threads of a clot - fibrino upon – epi-
three-dimensional – stereo upper jaw – maxilla
urea - azoto vulva – vulvo
ureter - uretero wander - iono
urethra - urethro washing - -clysis
urinary bladder - cysto water - aqueo
urinary bladder – vesico water – hydro
urinary tract - uro wax(ear) – cerumino
urination - -uria wedge - spheno
urine - -uria weak, dull - amblyo-
urine - uro white - albino
uterus – hysteron white - albo
uterus - metro white – leuko
uterus - metrio white of the eye – sclera
uterus - metro windpipe - tracheo
uterus - utero with – con-
vagina - colpo with – sym-
vagina - vagino with – syn-
valve – valvo within – en-
varied - poikilo within – endo-
vascular layer of the eye – uveo within – intra-
valv – valvo without – a-
vas deferens - vaso wsthout – an-
vein - phlebo woman - gyneco
vein – veno work - ergo
vein, small - venulo wrist - carpo
ventricle - ventriculo yellow - xantho
venule – venulo yellowish plaque – athero
vertebra - rachio x-rays –radio
vertebra - spondylo x-rays – roentgeno
vertebra - vertebro
vessel - angio
vessel - vaso
view,to - -opsy
virus – viro
visceral muscle - leiomyo
vision - -opia
visual examination – scopo, scopy
vitreous body - vitreo
voice - -phonia
voice box - laryngo
vomitig - -emesis
vulva - episio