12.
4 Seni infinite strings reflections
Uff c Uxx 0 0
Iii I
Iiii
[Link] F x ct
G x ct
x at 0
which of these waves are already known
For we can write f and 6 [Link] f and g DAlembertSol
12ft
How to obtain Flx at when act
observe that 4 0 at 0 for all 0
From [Link] F x ct
atGlxteth
Fl ct 6 ct 0
at
EtEFEE 1 cfgixdx
reminder Glx f fglx̅ldx̅
For x CHO
he b defense
it
Elis Igg
fleet flat x
findx̅
2
fix dx̅
flxtet flat x
2 glx̅ldx̅
to
50
I Summary the sol of
the semi infiniteprob with
it [Link] sentinie
initial position and velocities
extended as odd functions
Is
Sx
How to calc late feetYd yet
4 0 F z 61 2
of x
II
x 0
Effendi 2.55k
odd fix
extension
a112
12
112 112
Different even extension
problem Ux 0 a 0
X
ux tune
at
12.5 Strings on Finite Domain
Iiii ex
1 eflections
Solution Method 1 Sep of var
If
t
[Link] [Link] ne cos
ulxol flxl [Link] sin an
2 isin E dx
Solution Method 2 Method of chaac extented sol on infinite domain
at
12
M r
i i M
odd 2L periodic extension
[Link]
IT [Link] n1 cos
nEt I an sin Elx ct1 sinfek et
et f ct since fix an sin
1
1112 711 ER
[Link] E
s L.H.S
Effdx 1
2
21 3 ax
dx k E
rats
Et in
5
ax
E
dx
ftp.E
T
0
If K E P E
Conservation
of Energy
441 TUE dx
1
0
2
Note that E 0
uniqueness of the solution
Assume that both u and v satisfy the original prob
UH EUXX and Ott c Uxx
ok
Then w 4 0
satisfy W f c wxx
3
Twi dx
Energyean
1 2 wf
IT
pwF 12Twt dx constant o
wt D and wt 0 for all times and places
0
then we 0 and wx 0
Egg
Chapter 5 Sturm Liouville Eigen Value Problem
Heat Egn U kUxx with 010 0 4
df 0 0
kok
Q u
[Link] 2a cplx1
x t hH1.0 x
h k
9011
k a
to
[Link]
1 [Link]
General eigen value problem
plx
d 91 10 r x 0 0 asxab
Restrictions p q r are real functions and continuous everywhere
for all arxab 1st
p o 570
Feb
pg p p pay
b with PYER
β py 1 b 0 Pr
Regular S L E V P Sturm Liouville Eigen Value Problem
1 All e values are real
2 There is a smallest e value but not a largest
7,2 2 734
3 There is unique e friction up to a multiplicative constant
an
fo each e value with the e func for An denoted
n
has n 1 zero's in the domain a b
by
On sin Jan a is n t
n 2
4 The eigenfunctions form a complete set
f x flx̅
fixin
If an x and fix
2
All the e functions are orthogonal under the correct innerproduct
[Link]
I
0nlx10mlx [Link]
O if an Am
[Link] fe
6 we need to use [Link] say sent about the sign of X
pdnd ab [Link]
2adJa j
a
r
0td y
koHdidx
[Link] q
d
can
1
we
0
have
4
a
0
0 here
ons
twist
Have 0
0
152kt
É
where
IT andnix so
5.5
plx glx is an operator
[Link] P L 0 B Cs
functions and
Lagrange's identity Any two u x w x
441 and Lo pde
pde qu que
a Llo ellul [Link] pdf ufu va pd v9
EdE vdg Lagrangisidentity
a P l u
f
Green's formula integrate from a to b
Green's formula
Ef ullul dx
pludf [Link]
If u and I are functions that satisfythe same ton egn BCs
and if thems you get due to integration
by parts vanish
P udf [Link]
then L is called a self adjoint operate
dx
Note alludx
fu
a
pdf
upde
fdepded .ae
i
iEfEi
n
[Link]
Operate L associated Tith L there is an adjoint operator I
L is selfadjoint if uL l0 0L u dx 0
checks
LI
5
H.M
If L L and the original prob and the adjoint prob have
the
sec only then the prob is SELF ADJOINT
Let's go back to the SL operator L
p 9
0h14
LIO dx p ude ude
[Link] eje sLEE
ula 0 for v6
β patyla same
U b u b 0 with Pr PYER
β py
I
RHS p a b d lb v b day b ula dela total 1 a 0
1
616 3.41b Ffa Faula
Regular SL operator is a self adjoint
All e values are real
Assume An and are complex TX is real fine
210m an On 0 where L
de pdx 9
L In In 5 On 0 where In and I are complex conjugal
use Grea's formula U On v Fn
0.2 seltid
14 LI n dnitteEsdx gEetpe
14 an II I dx o
b
10h dx 0
x̅ xn In rdx Iman
Then an An In Xn 0 Fowney
Orthogonality
are eforce
Assume In and Xp
are e values and On and Xp
Iii 4 xp
Use Grea's formula U p
6 0
4
[Link] d
14411 41 1
1kEF
o
10 xp [Link] o if ntp
uniqueness Assume one e value has two independent
e functions and 2
Lid x 0
1102 r 02 0
Lagrange's identity 2102 02210 0
d d 0 due to the regular BCs
p p
then 0 d d 0
pro
all
02 2 Podate
chain rule
2 021
multiply 0,2 0 d 021
an
1 1 0 instant
02 C
0
is not independent of
function
unique e
what about the following problem
d xd [Link] [Link] an Ft
14 0 4
titanite [Link] EI II I have two
Since this is not regular [Link].P independent e
functions
Then I don't have the uniqueness
of the e functions
anymore