PATIENT’s BILL OF RIGHT

Nigerian charter of rights and freedoms

• A national law that explains the rights and freedoms of Nigerians including;
• Right to vote
• Right to move around or out of Nigeria
• Freedom of religion
• Freedom of expression
• Freedom of association
• Freedom of the Press
Principles of healthcare ethics
• Autonomy: respecting the client’s right to make choices for themselves
• Justice: being fair
• Beneficence: doing good
• Non-maleficience: doing no harm
Patient’s bill of right.
• A patient bill of rights is a document that provides with information on how they can
reasonably expected to be treated during the course of their hospital stay. These
documents are in most cases not legally binding.
• They simply provide goals and expectations for patient’s treatments.
• As a Patient You Have The Right to:
• Receive care that is respectful of your personal beliefs, cultural and spiritual values.
• An explanation in terms that you can understand and to have any question answered
concerning your symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
• Appropriate assessment and management of your symptoms, including pain.
• Know your: diagnosis; prognosis; testing and treatment to be used; risks of treatment
and common side effects of medications; financial considerations associated with
medical care
• Know the contents of your medical records through interpretation by the provider.
• Know your health care team.
• Develop a collaborative plan to prevent your medical problem from recurring.
• Choose or change your provider.
• Refuse to be examined or treated and to be informed of the consequence of such
decisions.
• Be assured of the confidential treatment of disclosures and records and to approve or
refuse the release of such information, except when release of specific information is
required by law or is necessary to safeguard you or the university community.
• Be informed and provide consent to participate in research conducted at Health
Services.
• Participate in the consideration of ethical issues that may arise in the provision of your
care.
• Provide feedback on the services you receive.
• Be informed and provide consent to participate in research conducted at Health
Services.
• Participate in the consideration of ethical issues that may arise in the provision of your
care.
• Provide feedback on the services you receive.

What is the most important patient bill of rights?

• The patient has the right to appropriate health and medical care of good quality in the
course of such, his human dignity, convictions, integrity and individual needs and culture
shall be respected.
Consent for treatment act
• The consent for treatment act stipulates that all health care professionals must seek
permission from the client before providing care;
• For example, asking a client if you can enter their room or touch them
 CNA’s RIGHTS
• CNAs have the right to work in an environment that is free from discrimination and
harassment by supervisors, co-workers and patients. Discrimination and harassment
can be based on race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, religion, disability and age,
although they aren't limited to just these factors.
Abuse/harassment
• All workers may be exposed to harassment in the workplace that can be verbal or sexual
• In case of harassment immediately report incident to supervisor
• Least restrictive: promotes freedom of movement
• Non-intrusive: promotes freedom of choice

What is the code of ethics for CNAs?

• The CNA Code of Ethics calls for CNAs to provide nursing care on the same level to all
patients regardless of their racial or religious beliefs. ... Keep all information about
patients confidential at all times, even after work. • Carry out your duties responsibly
and to the best of your ability.
What is the difference between Ethics and laws CNA?
Ethics are the knowledge of right and wrong and laws are what people must do and follow.
•
CNAS oath
I will do all in my power to maintain and elevate the standard of my profession and will hold
in confidence all personal matters committed to my keeping and all family affairs coming to my
knowledge in the practice of my calling.
CNA‘S Legal liabilities.
Let’s look at the previously mentioned guidelines, there are a variety of legal terms that every
CNA should be acquainted with. Be aware of the following legal issues and know how to avoid
them during your career.
Malpractice
This involves negligent conduct that results in harm to the patient. Examples include practicing
outside the scope of your duties, not providing care as previously trained and failing to follow
your facility’s policies.
Negligence
This consists of the lack of reasonable care due to carelessness and often results in injury or
harm to the patient. Negligence usually occurs when a CNA is in a hurry.
There are four types of abuse that have been identified within the medical community. They
consist of physical, sexual, psychological and verbal abuse.
Physical
Examples include hitting, kicking and roughhousing with patients. Another form of physical
abuse involves providing the incorrect treatment to patients.
Sexual
This can involve any type of seductive or sexual harassing behavior directed toward the patient.
Another form of sexual abuse is forcing a patient to do a sexual act against their will.
Psychological
This type of abuse includes patient intimidation through threats or any other harassing
behavior that would cause emotional harm to the patient.
Verbal
This includes the inappropriate use of tone and language as well as any unpleasant gestures or
names directed toward patients
Property Rights
All patients have the right to have their personal items safeguarded during their stay in any
healthcare facility. Theft of a patient’s property is nothing less than a crime.
Assault and Battery
Assault is defined as intentionally attempting to harm someone; battery involves actually
committing the offense. In a medical environment, these terms don’t always involve attacking
someone. Simply performing a treatment against the patient’s will could cause significant legal
problems.
To avoid this situation, always inform patients of what treatment you plan to perform, and
immediately stop if the patient refuses.
False Imprisonment and Involuntary Seclusion
Patients have the right to come and go as they please. You must obtain proper authorization
before restricting any movement. Additionally, the use of physical restraints must be
specifically ordered by a doctor prior to being utilized on any patient.
When a patient is held against their will, it’s known as involuntary seclusion. Sometimes
patients become unruly and can cause problems in common areas that are shared by other
patients. Check with your supervisor before removing these patients
CORE VALUES FOR CNAs
• Patience
• Persistence
• Empathy
• Stability
• Flexibility
• Respect
Professional Dilemma
• What is a professional dilemma?
• It’s an ethical problem that requires an individual to choose a particular course of
action.
When something at work goes against ethics, morals or values
• Most common Professional dilemma faced by CNA
• The most common dilemma faced by CNAs at the course of delivering their duties is deal
with establishing boundaries with patients or clients, most times after prolong
management of a client is often difficult to maintain the professional boundaries

Common workplace dilemma

• Unethical leadership
• Toxic workplace culture
• Inappropriate behavior or harassment
 • Power tussle among team members etc
Examples of professional dilemma
• Advance directives
• Surrogate decision making
• Refusal of treatment
• Conflicts with care givers
• Foregoing life sustaining treatment
• Do not attempt resuscitation (DNAR) orders. etc
Approaches to solving professional dilemma
• Refute the paradox (dilemma} : The situation must be carefully analyzed.
• Value theory approach: Choose the alternative that offer the greater good or the lesser
evil
• Find an alternative solutions: In some cases, problems can be reconsidered and new
solutions arise.