INSTRUCTION MANUAL
FOR
HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH COMPOSITE WALL
ROORKEE EQUIPMENT & MODELS PVT. LTD.
Khasra No. 1106 & 1107, Salempur Industrial Estate, Ramnagar, ROORKEE-247 667 (U.K.)
Ph: 01332-264344, Mob: +91-9997200000, Email: rempvtltd@[Link]
Heat Transfer through Composite Wall
Aim:-
1. To determine total thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of composite wall.
2. To plot temperature gradient along composite wall structure.
Description:
The apparatus consists of a central heater sandwiched between two sheets. Three types of slabs are
provided both sides of heater, which forms a composite structure. A small hand press frame is
provided to ensure the perfect contact between the slabs. A dimmerstat is provided for varying the
input to the heater and measurement of input is carried out by a voltmeter, ammeter.
Thermocouples are embedded between interfaces of the slabs, to read the temperature at the
surface.
The experiments can be conducted at various values of input and calculation can be made accordingly.
Specifications:
1. Slab assembly arranged symmetrically on both sides of heater.
2. Heater: Nichrome heater wound on mica former and insulation with control unit
capacity 300 watt maximum.
3. Heater Control Unit: 0-230V. Ammeter 0-2Amps. Single phase dimmerstat
(1No.).
4. Voltmeter 0-100-200V. Ammeter 0-2Amps.
5. Temperature Indicator (digital type): 0-200oC. Service required – A. C. single
phase 230 V. earthed electric supply.
6. Type Thermocouple : Copper/Constantan wire
Schematic Diagram:
(1) Hand Wheel (2) Screw
(3) Cabinet (4) Fabricated Frame
(5) Acrylic Sheet (6) Press Wood Plate
(7) Bakelite Plate (8) C.I. Plate
(9) Heater (10) Heater Cable
(11) Thermocouple Socket ( T1 To T6 Thermocouple Positions )
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
Determine the unknown thermal conductivity of press wood :
Total amount of heat delivered to the slab = 40 w
Total amount of heat delivered to the slab = 40 w
Since the heater is positioned at the center and similar slabs are fixed on either side.
Therefore amount of heat transferred to the RHS portion of the composite slab will be
40
Q = ----- = 20 W
2
T1 = 126, T2 = 123, T3 = 82, T4 = 80, T5 = 60, T6 = 59
T = ( T1 – T5 ) = (126 – 60) = 66
x1 = 12mm = 0.012m; k1 = 52 W/m-oC (cast iron)
x2 = 12mm = 0.012m ; k2 = 1.4 W/m-oC (bakelite)
x3 = 12mm = 0.012m ; k3 = ? W/m-oC (press wood)
Heat transfer area (i.e. area of the slab perpendicular to the direction of heat flow)
D2 3.17 x (0.15)2
A = ----- = ------------------- = 0.0177 m 2
4 4
Q 1
Heat flux q = --------- = --------- = 1130 w/m2
A 0.0177
X3 T X1 X2
-------- = ---------- - ( ---------- + ----------- )
K3 q K1 K2
0.0125 66 0.0125 0.0125
---------- = ---------- - ( ---------- + ----------- )
K3 1130 52 1.4
0.0125
------------ = 0.05841 - ( 0.000230 + 0.00857 )
K3
.0125
---------- = 0.05841 - 0.0088 = 0.029
K3
K3 = 0.24 W/m-oC
Literature value of thermal conductivity of press wood lies between 0.1 & 0.27 W/m- oC