REVISION QUESTIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Blood disorders
Sickle cell anaemia refers to:-
a) Haemoglobin AS
b) Haemoglobin SS
c) Heamoglobin SS and SC
d) Haemoglobin AC
Cardiovascular conditions
The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with coronary artery disease is:-
a) Decreased cardiac output c) Fatigue
b) Social isolation d) Altered nutrition
Varicosities are most likely to result from:-
a) Pregnancy
b) constricting garments
c) Incompetent valves
d) Impended venous return
Definitive treatment of aortic stenosis involves:-
a) Antibiotics to treat endocarditis
b) Antiarhythmic medications for dysrhythmias
c) Aortic valve replacement.
d) Intravenous fluid to restore cardiac output
In management of hypertension, hydralazine is used because:-
a) It increases peripheral resistance
b) Reduces cardiac output
c) Decreases formation of catecholamines
d) Increases urinary output
A nursing intervention to improve cardiac output is:-
a) Teach patient side effects of cardiac medications
b) Administration of intravenous fluid therapy
c) Put client in a prone position
d) Administer oxygen as ordered
The heart is supplied with arterial blood by:-
a) The left pulmonary artery
b) The right and left coronary arteries
c) The aorta
d) The right pulmonary artery
RESPIRATORY
Which cells are responsible for the initial uptake and presentation of allergens in asthma:-
a) CD4 lymphocytes
b) Dendritic cells
c) Macrophage
d) Mast cells
NSAIDS cause an asthmatic attack in susceptible individuals:-
a) Induce production of leukotrienes
b) Induce production of prostaglandins
c) Reduce production of leukotrienes
d) Reduce production of prostaglandins
The following does not contributes to airway obstruction in asthma?
a) Bronchial muscle contraction
b) Increased mucus production
c) Mucosal swelling or inflammation
d) Muscular weakness
The pathophysiological mechanisms that occur in the lung parenchyma that allows pneumonia to develop
is:-
a) Atelectasis
b) Bronchiectasis
c) Effusion
d) Inflammation
Wheezing and dyspnea in aan asthmatic patient are symptoms related to:-
a) Laryngospasm
b) Pulmonary oedema
c) Narrowing of the airway
d) Overdistension of the alveoli
GIT
Commonest cause of intestinal obstruction is:-
a) Tumours
b) Adhesions
c) Itraluminal
d) inflammatory
complete mechanical small bowel obstruction can cause dehydration by:-
a) inducing vomiting
b) decreasing intestinal absorption of water
c) causing secretion of water into the intestinal lumen
d) constipation
The type of hernia that passes through the inguinal canal is:-
a) Direct inguinal
b) Femoral
c) Indirect inguinal
d) Umbilical
Which of the following hernia is at greatest risk of strangulation?
a) Direct inguinal
b) Femoral
c) Indirect inguinal
d) Umbilical
Rovsing sign is:-
a) Asking the patient to lie down with right leg bent over the knee,upon moving the knee right and
left abdominal pain is felt suggesting appendicitis
b) Palpation of the lower left iliac fossa produces pain in the right iliac fossa suggesting appendicitis
c) Applying resistance to the right knee when patient lifts the right thigh up the leg when lying
down,pain is felt on the right iliac fossa indicating appendicitis
d) Rebound palpation of the point between the umbilicus and left iliac crest produces severe
pain,suggesting appendicitis
A patient with liver cirrhosis is most likely to develop one of the following most life threatening
complication:-
a) Ascites
b) Peripheral oedema
c) Jaundice
d) Oesophageal varices
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Blood disorders
Differentiate between sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait 2mks
Define leukemia
State five signs of leukemia 5mks
State five diagnostic tests for leukemia 5mks
Outline three treatment for leukemia 3nks
CVS conditions
Define coronary heart disease
Name any two (4) classes medications in the management of cardiac failure giving an example of each
4mks
State five (5) preventive measures against hypertension 5mks
List four symptoms of rheumatic heart fever 2mks
Outline three types of hypertension 3mks
Define deep venous thrombosis 2mks
State two causes of deep venous thrombosis 2mks
Outline three preventive ways against deep venous thrombosis 3mks
Describe two types of stroke 4mks
Outline four modifiable risk factors for stroke 4mks
State four clinical manifestations of a patient presenting with stroke
respiratory conditions
define bronchitis
outline five predisposing factors for pneumonia
outline three ways pneumonia can develop 3mks
outline three complications of asthma 3mks
GIT conditions
state four causes of intestinal obstruction
list six clinical manifestations of intestinal obstruction
outline five causes of appendicitis
state four complications of appendicitis
list six clinical manifestations of peritonitis
state five predisposing factors to haemorrhoids 5mks
outline five ways haemorrhoids cn b eprevented 5mks
ESSAY
Q1: Mr. Majila 58 years old is admitted in the medical ward with complains of dyspnea
on exertion and has pitting edema on his extremities. He has a history of hypertension.
1. With the aid of a diagram illustrate the path of blood through the heart. 5
2. Define the term hypertension 1
3. Explain the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system of regulating blood pressure 5
4. Describe Mr. Majila management till discharge. 9