“Arthopoda”
Anatomy and Biology of shellfish
Fisheries Resource Management
Phylum: Arthopoda
Subphylum Subphylum Subphylum Subphylum
Trilobita Chelicerata Crustacea Uniremia
Class-I Remipedia Chilopoda
Merostomata
Class-II Cephalocarida Diplopoda
Arachnida
Class-III Pycnogonida Branchipoda Symphyla
Ostracoda Pauropoda
Copepoda Insecta
Mystacocarida
Tantulocarida
Pentastomida
Branchiura
Cirripedia
DEFINITION:
• Arthropods are bilaterally symmetrical, segmented, coelomate animals having
jointed appendages and haemocoelom and the body covered by exoskeleton
formed of chitinous cuticle, respire by gills or trachea or book gill or book lung or
body surface and undergo moulting periodically.
The picture can't be display ed.
CHARACTERISTIC OF ARTHOPODA
• Arthropods are triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, metabolically segmented
animals.
• Body is covered with a thick chitinous cuticle forming an exoskeleton.
• Body segments usually bear paired lateral and jointed appendages.
• Musculature is not continuous but comprises separate 'striped muscles.
• Body cavity is haemocoel. The true coelom is reduced to the spaces of the genital
and excretory organs.
• Digestive tract is complete; mouth and anus lie at opposite ends of the body.
• Circulatory system is open with dorsal heart and arteries but without capillaries.
• Respiration through general body surface, by gills in aquatic forms, tracheae or
book lungs in terrestrial forms.
• True nephritic are absent. Excretion by coelomoducts or Malpighian tubules or
green or coxal glands.
• Cilia are entirely absent from all parts of the body.
• Sexes are generally separate and sexual dimorphism is often exhibited by several
forms.
• Fertilization is internal. Development is usually indirect through larval stages.
• Parental care is also often well marked in many arthropods.
Arthopoda
The picture can't be display ed.
The picture can't be display ed.
The picture can't be display ed.
The picture can't be display ed. The picture can't be display ed.
The picture can't be display ed.
Procuticle Endocuticle
(Inner,
Thicker)
Exoskeleton
(Cuticle)
Exocuticle
Epicuticle
(Outer,
Thiner)
The picture can't be display ed.
(C8H13O5N)n
Chitin
Chitin is a polysaccharide made of
linked N-acetylglucosamine subunits
Segmentation and appendages for more efficient locomotion:
Air piped directly to cells: Most land arthropods have a highly efficient
tracheal system of air tubes, which delivers oxygen directly to tissues and cells
and makes a high metabolic rate possible. Aquatic arthropods breathe mainly by
some form of gill.
Highly developed sensory organs: Sensory organs are found in great variety,
from compound (mosaic) eyes to senses of touch, smell, hearing, balancing, and
chemical reception. Arthropods are keenly alert to what goes on in their
environment.
Complex behavior patterns: Arthropods exceed most other invertebrates in
complexity and organization of their activities. Innate (unlearned) behavior
unquestionably controls much of what they do, but learning also plays an
important part in the lives of many arthropods.
Reduced competition through metamorphosis. Many arthropods pass through
metamorphic changes, including a larval form quite different from adults in
[Link] forms are often adapted for eating a different kind of food from
that of adults and occupy a different space,resulting in less competition within a
species