POWER School of Technology Inc.

Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3

Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

Course Packet # : 6
Module Name : Chess
Period Covered : Week 8-9 – Oct. 18-Nov. 1, 2024

A board game of strategic skill for two players, played on a checkered board. Each player begins
the game with sixteen pieces that are moved and used to capture opposing pieces according to
precise rules. The object is to put the opponent's king under a direct attack from which escape is
impossible (checkmate).
“Over the roughly one and half millennia of its existence, chess has been known as a tool of
military strategy, a metaphor for human affairs, and a benchmark of genius,” points out the TED-
Ed animated history of the game by Alex Gendler, above. The first records of chess date to the
7th century, but it may have originated even a century earlier, in India, where we find mention of
the first game to have different moves for different pieces, and “a single king piece, whose fate
determined the outcome.”
It was originally called “chaturanga,” a word that Yoga practitioners will recognize as the “four-
limbed staff pose,” but which simply meant “four divisions” in this context. Once it spread to
Persia, it became “chess,” meaning “Shah,” or king. It took root in the Arab world, and traveled
the Silk Road to East and Southeast Asia, where it acquired different characteristics but used
similar rules and strategies. The European form we play today became the standard, but it might
have been a very different game had the Japanese version—which allowed players to put
captured pieces into play—dominated.
Chess found ready acceptance everywhere it went because its underlying principles seemed to
tap into common models of contest and conquest among political and military elites. Though
written over a thousand years before “chaturanga” arrived in China—where the game was called
xiangqi, or “elephant game”—Sun Tzu’s Art of War may as well have been discussing the
critical importance of pawns in declaring, “When the officers are valiant and the troops
ineffective the army is in distress.”

Chess also speaks to the hierarchies ancient civilizations sought to naturalize, and by 1000 AD, it
had become a tool for teaching European noblemen the necessity of social classes performing
their proper roles. This allegorical function gave to the pieces the roles we know today, with the
piece called “the advisor” being replaced by the queen in the 15th century, “perhaps inspired by
the recent surge of strong female leaders.”

Early Modern chess, freed from the confines of the court and played in coffeehouses, also
became a favorite pastime for philosophers, writers, and artists. Treatises were written by the
hundreds. Chess became a tool for summoning inspiration, and performing theatrical, often

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

Punic games for audiences—a trend that ebbed during the Cold War, when chessboards became
proxy battlegrounds between world superpowers, and intense calculation ruled the day.
The arrival of IBM’s Deep Blue computer, which defeated reigning champion Garry Kasparov in
1996, signaled a new evolution for the game, a chess singularity, as it were, after which
computers routinely defeated the best players. Does this mean, according to Marcel Duchamp’s
observation, that chess-playing computers should be considered artists? Chess’s earliest adopters
could never have conceived of such a question. But the game they passed down through the
centuries may have anticipated all of the possible outcomes of human versus machine.
How To Set Up A Chessboard
If you have a chess set and want to start a game, the first thing you need to do is get the board set
up correctly.
1. Lay out the light square in the bottom-right corner
2. Set up the pawns on the second rank
3. Put your rooks in the corners
4. Place your knights next to the rooks
5. Bishops go next to knights
6. Queen goes on her color
7. Place your king in the last square available
8. Don't forget, white moves first!
Step 1: Lay out the board with the light square in the bottom-right corner.
It’s important to orient the board in the right direction so that each side will be set up correctly.
An easy way to remember this is “white on the right.”

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

Step 2: Set up the pawns on the second ranks (or rows).

Putting all of your pawns on first helps to clear the pile of pieces next to the board so that the rest
of your pieces will go on more quickly.

Step 3: Put your rooks in the corners.

It’s easy to remember to set your rooks in the corners, just like the towers in a real castle.

Step 4: Place your knights next to your rooks.

Imagine that you are putting some smelly horses on the board and you want them far away from
the king and queen.

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

Step 5: Bishops go next to knights.

The bishops stand in between the stinky knights and the royal king and queen. Set them next to
the knights.

Step 6: Your queen goes on her own color.

It DOES matter which square your queen goes on. An easy way to remember is that the queen
wants to match her outfit. White queen on the light square; black queen on the dark square.

Step 7: Place your king on the last square.

At this point there will be only one vacant square, so your king should naturally take his place.

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

Step 8: Don’t forget, White moves first.

In chess, the player with the white pieces always moves first. You can decide who plays White
and who plays Black through any method of chance. One way is to hide a white pawn in one
hand behind your back and have your opponent choose.

Chess Pieces Meaning

Although technically not considered as a chess piece, the chess board is also a part of the entire
chess set and it is impossible to play a game without it. When closely examined, the chess board
actually resembles a battlefield. Two warring parties fight until one is crowned victorious or no
more legal moves can be made and the game ends in a draw.
This is why so much strategy and planning is involved in the game of chess because in a sense a
war is unfolding.
The Pawns in Chess
Each side has 8 pawns and they go in front of the other pieces. There is a debate about whether
the pawns are the peasants who live outside of the castle walls or are the soldiers protecting the
royal court behind them.
Either way, they are the first line of defense against invaders. In the game of chess, it is the pawn
that gets to move first before a full battle ensues.

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

The Castle (Rook)

This piece is positioned on the corners of each player’s side. As the name “castle” suggests, this
is the protective barrier or the walls that protect the higher-ranking pieces.

The Knight (Horse Chess Piece)

The knight pieces are the protective knights in the castle. The pieces are shaped like a horse
because it is symbolic of what knights rode during battle.
These are also protected by the tower because back in medieval times knights were affluent and
only well-educated and upper-class warriors were considered as knights. They are also
considered as protectors of the royal family, the first line of defense in case the enemy breaks
through the castle walls.
The Knights also have the ability to leap over other pieces since knights rode on horses in real
life. They are also the only pieces that can start the game instead of a pawn.
However, why the knight moves in an “L” shape isn’t very clear. Many theorize that it
symbolizes the beautiful and graceful movements of a knight riding on a horse.

The Bishop
The bishop stands close to the king and queen because it represents the church which many royal
courts held near and dear to their hearts.
This is also considered as the third most powerful piece on the chess board because back in the
day religion could influence many people, even without the help of the royal family.

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

Also, the bishop was considered next in line from the reigning king and queen in medieval
Europe.

The Queen
The queen is considered as the most powerful piece in the game of chess. She is allowed to move
in any direction and in as many squares as she wants.
History has proven that many reigning queens could be ruthless when it came to battles and
wars. Since she can move freely across the board many players favor this piece over all others.

The King
The king is not as powerful as the queen, but he is considered the most important piece that
needs the most protection. Once a king is trapped and no other moves will allow him the game is
over.
This also symbolizes the king during medieval times. Only when a king is killed or forced to
surrender is the battle over and the opposing party declares victory.

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

What is chess strategy? The art of chess strategy is knowing how to formulate a plan for the
chess game, and arrange your chess pieces to accomplish this plan. The chess strategy outlined
below will get any new chess player on the road to understanding correct chess opening strategy
- how to control the chess board from move one. Later you will discover many resources to aid
in further improvement.
Introduction to Chess Strategy
Beginning chess players discover very quickly that learning how the pieces move is only the tip
of the chess playing iceberg. It's usually after several moves of a typical chess game that the
question arises, "What now?" Here we will discuss general chess principles in the chess opening.
This page will provide you with some very simple, easy guidelines in chess strategy for playing
the chess opening. Aimed at beginners who know only the rules and moves, there is no talk
about specific openings or strings of moves to memorize; only general chess strategy principles
to think about when starting a chess game. Later you'll notice that on occasion (rarely) it's best to
ignore a principle of chess strategy in the opening; nothing here is carved in granite. But for right
now, these chess tips are excellent to follow during the first few moves of your game.
The underlying principle of chess strategy in the opening phase is control of the board's center
squares. These are the four squares right in the middle of the chess board (shown here in green):

Every chess opening aims to occupy or control these central squares. Why? In chess geometry
the center is important because each chess piece exercises maximum mobility in the center.
Here's an example using only the Kings and a Knight for each side:

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

The centrally placed White Knight can move to eight (green) squares; it attacks and controls
them. But the poor Black Knight in the corner only has two (yellow) squares, its mobility cut by
75% - plus the White King, attacking eight squares, can move in (red arrow) to capture the
Knight. Notice that even the Black King has only three squares (yellow arrows) under control.

Center occupation and central control, getting the King castled to safety; these are the two
principles of chess strategy behind all popular chess openings.

There is no need to take the game further - we see rapid development, a race to control the center
squares and get the King to safety. Note that both players are also trying to prevent the opponent
from achieving these strategic goals. It is also clear that no single pawn or piece can stand alone;
the whole chess army needs to work as a unit to carry out our chess strategy. Remembering this
will help you to understand the principles we're about to discuss.

1) Good chess strategy is to make your first move with the e-pawn or d-pawn advancing two
squares. In either case, you will open pathways for the pieces to get off of the back rank and into
the fight for the central squares.

2) Good chess strategy is playing each piece one time to its best square, developing them all in
turn, and getting your chess pieces off the starting squares. You want to get your pieces into the
game rapidly, and posted where they can accomplish something - either aiding your attack or
defense of the center. Seldom will you move the same piece twice in the chess opening.

3) Good chess strategy is keeping your King safe, so castle early and get him behind your wing
pawns. Castling is a great way to safeguard your King from sudden chess tactics and even
checkmate - it gets the King away from the center and develops one of your Rooks at the same
time. Top level chess strategy!

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

4) Good chess strategy is advancing only one or two pawns in the chess opening, just enough to
stake out the center and develop your pieces quickly. Moving pawns can weaken your defenses,
and is responsible for many losses in the chess opening. A pawn move can never be retracted!

5) Good chess strategy is to make a threat when developing the pieces, which will limit the
opponent's freedom of choice. This is the "initiative", a chess strategy meant to dictate the game's
course. Develop and threaten - good chess strategy!

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 POWER School of Technology Inc.
Subject Code/Description: PE3 / PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
Year/Course: 2nd/ BSBA MM/FM/HRDM / BSAIS
Teacher: MS. CHIEREL JOSON
Contact Details: 09499180012; [Link]@[Link]

Course Packet # : 5
Module Name : Chess
Period Covered : Week 8-9 – Oct. 18-Nov. 1, 2024

Worksheet no. 5
Date of Submission: Nov. 1, 2024
Answer the following based on your own understanding:
1. What are the health benefits of playing chess?
2. What is FIDE? Describe briefly.
3. What is an ELO rating?
4. Who are the prominent Filipino players in chess?
5. Is chess good for your brain?
6. Enumerate the pros and cons of playing chess.

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