CLUSTER 1
RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS, EQUIPEMENTS AND MAINTENANCE
1. What is the new mAs is the existing factor of 10 mAs is to be changed to 300 mA and 0.01s?
A. 3
B. 15
C. 15
D. 30
2. What is the meaning of lead equivalence of the Lead apron?
A. Provides same convenience of the use like lead
B. Equal to stopping power of the lead for x-ray
C. Equal in cost to lead
D. Equal in weight to lead
3. Which property of viewing box is the PRIORITY for quality control test?
A. Uniform light output intensity
B. Uniform light color
C. Cleanliness of the surface of the view box
D. Required light output intensity in watts
4. Which has the ovaries as their reproductive organs?
A. Man
B. Woman
C. Old man
D. Boy
5. The energy produced by the characteristics x-ray is the characteristic of:
A. Atomic number of the filter
B. Orientation of the target
C. Electronic binding energy
D. Atomic number of the target
6. Which will be the BEST first aid treatment for the processing chemical splash in the eye
A. Blink continuously for 30 seconds
B. Wipe the eye with a tissue
C. Wash thoroughly
D. Go to the hospital for treatment
7. Which is NOT a characteristic of the diagnostic x-ray beam?
A. Can be attenuated
B. Travels in the straight line
C. Poly energetic
D. Mono energetic
8. What happens to the x-ray intensity if the distance from a point source is tripled?
A. Reduce to half
B. Reduce to one third
C. Increase nine times more
D. Reduce to one ninth
9. Which biological effect will exhibit a threshold type of the radiation dose response relationship?
A. Leukemia . Cataract
C
B. Lifespan shortening . Lung cancer
D
10. Which is/are the basis of the radiation protection guidelines?
I. Stochastic effects
II. Deterministic effects
III. Linear non-threshold dose response relationship
IV. Non-linear threshold dose relationship dose response relationship
A. I,II,III,IV
B. I and II
C. I and IV
D. I, II and IV
11. Which is NOT true regarding exposure time when taking radiographs?
A. Is increased if mA is decreased
B. Is increased if mA is increased
C. Is increased if grid is used
D. Is decreased if kVp is increased
12. What is the TRUE voltage across the kVp meter if it reads 120 kVp and the transformer turns ratio is
500?
A. 100 V
B. 240 V
C. 200 V
D. 300 V
13. Which is NOT produced during ionization of matter?
A. Electron
B. Positive ion
C. Ion pair
D. Neutron
14. Which is NOT an x-ray grid specification?
A. Focal distance
B. Automatic interlock
C. Line per inch
D. Interspace material
15. Changes to DNA rather than the chromosomes are called
A. Stochastic effect
B. Automatic interlock
C. Line per inch
D. Interspace material
16. What type of x-ray unit will give the LEAST amount of voltage ripple?
A. 1 phase, half-wave rectified
B. 1 phase, full-wave rectified
C. 3 phase, 12 pulses
D. 3 phase, 6 pulses
17. Which is NOT a particulate type of radiation?
A. Beta
B. Neutron
C. Proton
D. Gamma
18. Which is most probably the reason why tungsten is used as an x-ray target?
A. Low electrical resistance
B. High Melting point
C. High physical density
D. High electron density
19. Which will be the MOST likely to be attracted to an anode?
A. Alpha particle
B. Neutrom
C. Proton
D. Electron
20. Which atom has the LEAST composition in the human body?
A. Oxygen
B. Hydrogen
C. Carbon
D. Nitrogen
21. Which technical factor will most likely contribute to radiographic contast?
A. kVP
B. mAs
C. compression
D. SID
22. Which law states that the radio sensitivity of tissues depends on their maturity and metabolism?
A. Bioequivalence
B. Bergonie and tribondeau
C. Conservation of matter
D. Hormesis
23. The acceptable kVp test accuracy is + and – 5 only. If the test result is acceptable, what was the set
kVp used if the actual kVp measured was 100 kVp?
I. 95 II. 105 III. 100
A. II only
B. III only
C. I,II,III
D. I only
24. If the distance from an x-ray source is halved, the radiation intensity increase by the factor of
A. 1
B. 4
C. 8
D. 2
25. What is the MOST likely tube current(mA) used in fluoroscopy?
A. 3
B. 10
C. 5
D. 30
26. Who must hold the patient during diagnostic x-ray procedure?
A. Companion of patient
B. Radiation worker
C. Other hospital staff
D. Other patients
27. What is circuitry is characterized by the mAs varying continuously during the exposure?
A. High frequency generator
B. Falling load
C. mAs meter
D. conventional load
28. a sensitometer
A. is a device used for measuring densities of films
B. is a motion detector
C. is a device used for making the light output of intensifying screens
D. is a radiation detector
29. Which is NOT considered a month the factors that can determine shielding thickness?
A. kVp
B. typed of x-ray examination
C. mAs
D. Patient workload
30. What device controls the replenishment system of the film processor?
A. Drive motor
B. Transport track
C. Timer
D. Float valve
31. The nucleus does NOT contains this ___
A. Drive motor
B. Transport track
C. Timer
D. Float valve
32. Which will NOT affect x-ray quality?
A. kVp
B. LET
C. mAs
D. HVL
33. What will MOST closely describe on how radiation will interact with a target molecule?
A. Indirectly
B. Directly
C. Randomly
D. Frequently
34. Given a 50 kVp x-ray photon, the 100 kVp photon has a ____.
A. Higher frequency
B. Higher intensity of radioactivity
C. Longer wavelength
D. Higher velocity
35. Which refers to the optical base density
A. Physical density of film
B. Base plus fog
C. Log relatives exposure of 0.25
D. Optical density of base
36. Which does not apply to diagnostic x-ray?
A. Absorption
B. Reflection
C. Penetration
D. Attenuation
37. What will be the dose reduction in percent for a radiographer who will be standing 2m away from the
patient instead of 1m only?
A. 50
B. 20
C. 30
D. 75
38. There is a 10 percent reject film out of 2000 films in the department. However, 2 percent of this reject
is caused by darkroom related errors. How many films are caused by darkroom related errors?
A. 400
B. 200
C. 40
D. 4
39. Which is found in the positive electrode side of the x-ray tube?
A. Focusing cup
B. Filament
C. Cathode
D. Anode
40. Which material characteristics can readily transmit all incident x-ray.
A. Radiosensitive
B. Radiopaque
C. Radioparent
D. Radiolucent
41. Which is TRUE for normal radiographic set up?
A. Image sharpness increases as the distance ( of the object from the film) increases.
B. Magnification depends on object size
C. Longer FFD reduces magnification
D. Shorter FFD reduces magnification
42. Which is characterized by the non-uniformity of x-ray intensity production of an x-ray tube along the
central ray?
A. Tube insert and assembly mismatch
B. Anode heel effect
C. Light beam not congruent with x-ray beam
D. Grid misalignment
43. Which is the BEST method to use for reducing radiation doses in a radiographic procedure?
A. Shieldin
B. Distance
C. Time
D. Time. Distance, shielding
44. Which is NOT a radiation damage model of human chromosome?
A. Terminal deletion
B. Dicentric formation
C. Normal aberration
D. Ring formation
45. Which of the following items are included in the ICRP system of dose limitation?
I. Justification
II. Optimization
III. Dose limitation
A. I and II
B. I, II and III
C. I and III
D. II and III
46. If SID is doubled, radiographic density is ______.
A. Reduced by one fourth
B. Reduced by one half
C. Not affected
D. Double
47. In the equation, E=Hf, the H_____
A. Is the planks constant
B. Is the Bohr constant
C. Is units of enerfy
D. Is the Einstein’s constant
48. If the secondary coil has 500 more turns than the primary coil, what will be the relationship of the
secondary volatege to the primary voltage?
A. 500:1
B. 250:1
C. 1:250
D. 1:500
49. What is the maximum voltage that crosses the x-ray tube during a complete wavelength?
A. kV
B. kVp
C. rms kV
D. kV ave
50. a dual filament cathode is capable of giving
A. large and large focal spot
B. one focus only
C. small and small focal spot
D. small and large focus
51. a chest x-ray examination will likely use
A. 1 mm focus
B. 5 mm al filtration
C. 60 kV
D. 500 mA
52. If the distance (SID) from an x-ray point source is doubled, what will happen to the x-ray output at the
same SID?
A. One fourth
B. Double
C. Half
D. Quadruple
53. How many mGy is 10 Gy?
A. 10,000
B. 1,000
C. 100
D. 100,00
54. Which is the MOST likely reason that grids are not used in ward chest radiography?
A. Grid alignment is difficult
B. Lower kVP cannot penetrate grids
C. X-ray output is low
D. Scatter is low
55. This is NOT a known type of energy losses in transformer.
A. Hyperteresis
B. Friction losses
C. Resistance losses
D. Eddy current losses
56. A spinning top test is used to:
A. Check the accuracy of the mAs
B. Check the accuracy of the kVp
C. Check the accuracy of the mA
D. Check the accuracy of the timer
57. An mAs control is used in
A. Single knob adjustment of time and mA
B. Automatic regulation of mA as kV is adjusted
C. Limit the tube loading of x-ray tube
D. Automatic exposure control
58. Which of these is the MOST radiosensitive?
A. Bone marrow . Skin
C
B. Muscle . Brain
D
59. How is the testing for constancy of radiation output for x-ray unit done?
A. Make several exposures of same kVp and mAs but increasing the SID each time
B. Make 3 exposures keeping the kVp the same but varying the mA
C. Make 3 exposures keeping the kVp and mAs the same but varying the mA and time
D. Make several exposures using different kVp each time
60. Who must assist and hold the patient during the conduct of a radiographic procedure?
A. Other radiation workers
B. Companion of patient
C. Other hospital workers
D. Radiologic technologist
61. What is the unit of radiographic workload?
A. R/wk
B. mR/mA-min
C. mR/mAs
D. mA min/wk
62. Which is considered the MOST abundant macromolecule in the human body?
A. Water
B. RNA
C. DNA
D. Protein
63. Which type of emission is NOT likely to follow the inverse square law?
A. Skylight
B. Visible light
C. Infrared
D. X-ray
64. How many diodes do you find in a full wave rectified x-ray unit?
A. 4
B. 2
C. 8
D. 5
65. Death occurs in the G.I syndrome because of ____.
A. Damage lining of intestine
B. Loss of food
C. Loss of electrolytes
D. Loss of blood
66. Which electromagnetic radiation is in the diagnostic x-ray region?
A. 14 MeV
B. 78 eV
C. 12,000 eV
D. 65 KeV
67. Which of this cancer induced by radiation appears to have a threshold ?
A. Lung cancer
B. Skin cancer
C. Thyroid cancer
D. Leukemia
68. Which can NOT be determined by a H and D curve of a processor control chart?
A. Film contrast
B. Base + fog
C. Recorded detail
D. Film speed
69. Which is NOT included in the acute radiation syndrome?
A. Latent
B. Hematologic
C. Central nervous system
D. Gastro intestinal
70. Which is LEAST likely to be categorized as an x-ray detector?
A. GM counter
B. Ionization chamber
C. Scintillation detector
D. Photo multiplier tube
71. Which factor is LEAST likely to affect the screen film imaging system?
A. Developer
B. Cassette dimensions
C. Film type
D. Screen thickness
72. A Fluoroscope operates at 95 kVp, 2 mA. What is the power consumption?
A. 97 KW
B. 180 W
C. 190 W
D. 190 KW
73. Which is the BEST method to use for reducing radiation doses in a fluoroscopic x-ray procedure for
the radiologic technologist?
A. Time, distance, shielding
B. Distance
C. Shielding
D. Time
74. What will you do if the lid has been accidentally left open in a box if unexposed films in white light?
A. Put the lid back on and do nothing until someone tells you their films are fogged
B. Process three films and inspect
C. Throw all the films away
D. Report to the department head that all the films may have been exposed to the white light and be
fogged.
75. Which will have the longest wavelength?
A. Ultraviolet
B. Gamma rays
C. Visible light
D. Microwave
76. The filament transformer is _______.
A. A step down transformer
B. A high voltage section
C. A step up transformer
D. An auto transformer
77. Which of the following must be followed when film is loaded for mammography?
A. The film should be on the x-ray tube of the radiographic intensity screen
B. The emulsion should be in contact with the cassette cover
C. The base should be in contact with screen
D. The radiographic intensifying screen should be on the x-ray tube side of film
78. What will be the radiologic technologist FIRST do if a patient was found out to be pregnant AFTER
the x-ray procedure was done?
A. Tell the patient that radiation is hazardous to her pregnancy.
B. Ask the patient how many weeks or stage of pregnancy she thinks of her pregnancy
C. Report to the radiologist/radiation protection officer the situation so the appropriate corrective
action can be done
D. Determine/estimate how much dose was given to the patient
79. Which will NOT increase film fog?
A. Excessively strong fixation
B. Prolonged storage of film before use
C. Storage of film at high temperature
D. Use of rare earth screen
80. The output of x-ray unit is 8R/mA – minute. What will be the patient exposure in R if the radiographer
uses 2 mA for 3 minutes of fluoroscopy?
A. 48
B. 24
C. 120
D. 480
81. Which is NOT one of the major systems of an automatic processor?
A. Development system
B. Transport system
C. Electrical system
D. Replenishment system
82. What type of graph shows the allowable exposure factors mA, kVp and time combination for an x-ray
tube?
A. Housing cooling curve
B. Heating curves
C. Radiographic
D. Cooling curves
83. Which is a method for electrification?
A. Diffraction
B. Resonance
C. Induction
D. Transmission
84. For electromagnetic radiation, which increases with increasing photon energy?
A. Wavelength
B. Velocity
C. Frequency
D. Mass
85. How much percentage of cells survived if 100 cells died after irradiation if 10,000 cell population?
A. Photoelectrons
B. Characteristic
C. Compton electrons
D. Bremmstrahlung
86. Electrons passing through matter lose energy primarily by producing this.
A. Photoelectrons
B. Characteristics
C. Compton electrons
D. Bremmstrahlung
87. Which test will be the first thing to do when starting a quality control program for an x-ray machine?
A. Collimation alignment
B. kVp
C. Output constancy
D. mAs
88. How many total numbers of films were analyzed if the number of rejected films is 50 and the film
analysis showed a 5 value?
A. 5000
B. 550
C. 4500
D. 5000
89. Which is an example of stochastic effect of radiation?
A. Acute radiation syndrome
B. Hematologic depression
C. Lifespan shortening
D. Hematologic syndrome
90. How is the optimum development time determined?
A. Develop an unexposed film and inspect
B. Develop test strips for differing times and compare
C. Ask the manufacturer of the film
D. Develop test strips for the same length of time
91. Which is NOT needed to produce x-ray?
A. Target material
B. Electron source
C. High Voltage
D. Filter
92. Which atom has the least composition in body?
A. Carbon . Oxygen
C
B. Nitrogen . Hydrogen
D
93. What do you call the transformer where the voltage of the secondary winding is higher than the
voltage of primary?
A. High tension
B. Step up
C. Autotransformer
D. Step down
94. In the equation E=mc*2, c refers to _____.
A. Acceleration
B. Speed of light
C. Energy
D. Force
95. What material is NOT used as the output phosphor of the image intensifier?
A. Na 1
B. ZnCds
C. Cs 1
D. TLD
96. What is the tolerance limit of x-ray beam exposure linearity test?
A. 10
B. 20
C. 5
D. 50
97. What is the estimated annual dose in in mSv of a radiologic technologist who is working I a
fluoroscopic room for 8 hrs a day in 5 days a week for 200 working days a year basis if his workplace
monitoring for doses showed 20 dose microsievert per hour reading
A. 32
B. 16
C. 20
D. 50
98. Which has the highest photon energy?
A. Visible light
B. X-ray
C. Ultrasound
D. Radiowave
99. Which tissue has the highest radiosensitivity?
A. Skin
B. Gonad
C. Kidney
D. Muscle
100. Which is NOT true regarding x-ray tube rating?
A. It specifies maximum safe electrical and thermal operating condition
B. Full wave and half wave rectified x-ray tube have same ratings
C. It specifies the allowed kV, mA and time combinations
D. Old and new x-ray tubes are expected to have same tube ratings.
