Teaching
Characteristics
Approach
- Focuses on teaching grammar and vocabulary through translation exercises.
Grammar- - Emphasizes reading and writing skills.
Translation - Uses native language for translation and explanation of grammar rules.
Method - Often involves literary and classical texts for translation.
- Suitable for developing reading and writing proficiency in the target language.
- Emphasizes oral communication and everyday language use.
- Discourages the use of the native language for translation.
Direct Method - Teaches vocabulary and grammar inductively through context and examples.
- Utilizes visual aids and real-life situations for language learning.
- Suitable for developing oral communication skills and fluency in the target language.
- Emphasizes the use of repetition, mimicry, and memorization to develop speaking and listening
Audio-Lingual skills.
Method - Involves drills and pattern practice to reinforce language patterns and structures.
- Focuses on habit formation and automatic responses through extensive oral practice.
- Based on the idea that language learning is facilitated by linking language with physical
Total Physical movement.
Response - Involves giving commands and having students respond physically to develop comprehension
(TPR) and vocabulary.
- Encourages a kinaesthetic approach to language learning.
Communicative - Focuses on developing communicative competence through interactive and meaningful
Language communication.
Teaching - Emphasizes real-life language use and situational contexts.
(CLT) - Encourages students to engage in authentic communication and problem-solving tasks.
Task-Based - Focuses on the use of authentic language tasks to promote language learning.
Language - Students engage in meaningful tasks that require language use to complete.
Teaching - Emphasizes language use in real-world contexts and the development of practical language
(TBLT) skills.
Teaching
Activities
Approach
Role-play scenarios for everyday conversations
Information gap activities where students need to communicate to fill in
Communicative
missing information
Language Teaching
Debates and discussions on various topics
(CLT)
Problem-solving tasks that require negotiation and collaboration
Completing real-life tasks such as planning a trip, ordering food, or
solving a problem
Task-Based
Creating and presenting projects related to specific language tasks
Language Teaching
Role-playing specific scenarios to practice language use in context
(TBLT)
Simulations of real-world situations that require language use
Following commands to perform physical actions related to language
learning (e.g., "Stand up," "Point to the door," "Jump twice")
Using gestures and movements to demonstrate understanding of
Total Physical
vocabulary and commands
Response (TPR)
Creating and performing skits or short plays with physical actions
Engaging in movement-based language games and activities
Engaging in conversational activities using visual aids and realia
Role-playing real-life situations to practice language use in context
Using flashcards and images to learn and practice vocabulary
Direct Method
Participating in language immersion activities with minimal use of the
native language
Drills and pattern practice to reinforce language patterns and structures
Repetition exercises to practice pronunciation and intonation
Audio-Lingual
Listening and speaking activities using language prompts and cues
Method
Role-playing specific language scenarios to practice language patterns
Translation exercises of literary and classical texts
Reading and analyzing texts in the target language for grammar and
Grammar-
vocabulary study
Translation Method
Writing exercises to practice sentence structure and grammar rules
(GTM)
Using bilingual dictionaries to translate texts and understand vocabulary
English
Main Objective
Language Skill
Reading By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify the main idea and
Comprehension supporting details in a given passage.
Reading By the end of the lesson, students will be able to make inferences based on the
Comprehension text and provide evidence to support their interpretations.
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to write a persuasive essay with a
Writing Skills
clear thesis statement and supporting arguments.
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to revise and edit their narrative
Writing Skills
writing to improve coherence and organization.
Vocabulary By the end of the lesson, students will be able to use context clues to determine
Development the meaning of unfamiliar words in a text.
Vocabulary By the end of the lesson, students will be able to create sentences using newly
Development learned vocabulary words in context.
Grammar and By the end of the lesson, students will be able to identify and use different types
Language Usage of verb tenses in sentences.
Grammar and By the end of the lesson, students will be able to apply subject-verb agreement
Language Usage rules in their writing.
Speaking and By the end of the lesson, students will be able to participate in a group
Listening discussion by asking relevant questions and responding to peers' ideas.
Speaking and By the end of the lesson, students will be able to deliver a short presentation on
Listening a given topic using appropriate language and speaking skills.