Ordinary Differential Equations(ODE)
Ordinary Differential Equations: An equation involving one or more ordinary differential co-
efficient of dependent variable with respect to an independent variable, is called Ordinary
𝑑𝑦
Differential Equations. If x is independet variable and y is dependent variable then 𝑑𝑥 is a
differential co-efficient.
Order of ODE: The order of an ODE refers to the highest order of the derivative present in the
equation. It represents the number of times the unknown function in the equation is
differentiated.
Degree of an ODE: The degree of an ODE refers to the highest power to which the highest-
order derivative appears in the equation when it is written in explicit form.
Linear and Non-linear Differential equation: The equation will be called Linear
Differential Equation if, it is of first degree in the dependent variable and its partial derivatives
and product of the dependent variable and its derivatives must be absent. If the equation is not
linear then it is called non-linear differential equation.
Linear Differential Equation Non-Linear Differential Equation
𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 2 +2 + 3𝑦 2 = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2
+3 − 2𝑦 = 0 2
+3( ) + 𝑦 = 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 3
𝑑 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 2 − 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 3
+𝑦 + 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
3 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑑 𝑦 𝑑 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 3 3 + 𝑥 2 2 − 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑦5 = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥