Chapter 7 Differentiation

1. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  8 x  1 at the point (3, 5).

Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y  ( x  5) at the point (2, 1).
2 6
2.

1 1  4
3. Given that y   , find the exact value of the gradient at the point  2,  .
2 x  1 (2 x  1) 2
 9

Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  2 x  1 at the point (2, 3).
2
4.

5. Find the coordinates of the stationary point of the curve with equation

1
y .
x 4
2

6. The radius of a circular disc is increasing at a constant rate of 0.003 cm s-1. Find the rate at
which the area is increasing when the radius is 20 cm.

7. A viscous liquid is poured on to a flat surface. It forms a circular patch which area grows at a
steady rate of 5 cm2 s-1. Find, in terms of π,

(i) the radius of the patch 20 seconds after pouring has commented.

(ii) the rate of increase of the radius at this instant.

1
8. Find the coordinates of the stationary point on the curve y  x  and determine whether it is
x
a maximum point or a minimum point.

Find the set of values of x for which y increases as x increases.

1
9. A curve has equation y  (3x  1) 4  8 x.
12

1
(i) Show that there is a stationary point where x = and determine whether this stationary
3
point is a maximum or a minimum.

(ii) At a particular point of the curve, the equation of the tangent is 48x  3 y  c  0. Find
the value of the constant c.

(iii) A point with coordinates (x, y) moves along the curve in such a way that the rate of
increase of x has the constant value 0.01 units per second. Find the rate of increase of y
at the instant when x = 1
10. A closed container takes the form of a cylinder of radius x and height h surmounted by a
hemisphere cap.

Given that the volume of this container is 45π, express h in terms of x and show the total
surface area of the container is given by

5 90
A  x 2   .
3 x

Given that x can vary

(i) find the value of x for which A has a stationary value.

(ii) find this stationary value and determine whether it is a maximum or a minimum.

11. The area of the sheet metal used in the manufacture of a closed cylindrical can is 600π cm2. The
height of the can is y cm and the base radius is x cm.

(i) Express y in terms of x and show that the volume, V cm3, of the can is given by
V  300x  x 3 .

Given that x can vary,

(ii) find the value of x for which V has a stationary value,

(iii) find this stationary value and determine whether it is a maximum or a minimum.

12. A sector of angle θ radians is cut from a circular disc of radius 4π cm and used to make the
complete curved surface of a right circular cone, with no overlap.

1
8
(i) Prove that the volume of this cone is  (4 2 4   6 ) 2 .
3

(ii) Find the value of θ for which the volume of this cone has a stationary value

13. A tank is in the form of an inverted cone, having an

altitude of 8 m and a base radius of 2 m. Water is
flowing into the tank at a rate of 0.5 m3 s-1.

(i) At time t, show that volume of water,

1
V  h 3 .
48

dV
(ii) Find and hence find the rate of change of
dh
the water level, h when the water is 2 m deep.
14. A conical funnel has a circular top of diameter 20cm and a height of 30cm. When the
depth of liquid in the funnel is 12cm, the liquid is dripping from the funnel at a rate of
0.2 cm3/s. At what rate is the depth of the liquid in the funnel decreasing at this instant?

15. Air is being pumped into a spherical balloon at a rate of 8 cm3 s-1. Find the rate of
change of the radius of the balloon when the radius of the balloon is 10 cm.

Answer:

1. y 5 
5
x  3
4
2. y  1  24x  2
10
3. 
27

4. y 3 
3
x  2
4
5. (0, 0.25)
3
6. 0.12 or  or 0.377 cm2 s−1
25
10 1
7. (i) cm s−1 (ii) cm s−1
 4 
8. (1, 2) is a minimum whereas (−1, −2) is a maximum; x  1 or x  1 .
9. (i) minimum, (ii) 20, (iii) 0.56 unit s−1
10. (i) 3, (ii) A  45 cm2, is a minimum.
300
11. (i) y x, (ii) 10, (iii) 2000 , maximum.
x

8
12. (i) D.I.Y. (ii)    5.13 rad.
3
2
13. (ii)

0.02
14. s-1

1
15. 
80