Network Addressing Midterm Reviewer (Identification Section)
1. **IP Address**:
- A unique identifier for a device on a network.
- IPv4 addresses are 32 bits, written as four decimal numbers separated by
periods (e.g., [Link]).
2. **Subnet Mask**:
- A 32-bit number used to separate the network portion from the host portion of
an IP address.
- Common examples: [Link], [Link], [Link].
3. **Network ID**:
- The first address in a network, where all the host bits are set to 0.
4. **Broadcast Address**:
- The last address in a network, where all the host bits are set to 1.
5. **Valid Hosts**:
- The range of IP addresses in a network between the network ID and broadcast
address, which can be assigned to devices.
6. **Class A IP Address**:
- IP address range from [Link] to [Link].
- Default subnet mask: [Link].
7. **Class B IP Address**:
- IP address range from [Link] to [Link].
- Default subnet mask: [Link].
8. **Class C IP Address**:
- IP address range from [Link] to [Link].
- Default subnet mask: [Link].
9. **Class D IP Address**:
- IP address range from [Link] to [Link].
- Reserved for multicast.
10. **Class E IP Address**:
- IP address range from [Link] to [Link].
- Reserved for experimental purposes.
11. **CIDR Notation**:
- Stands for Classless Inter-Domain Routing.
- Used to define a subnet mask in the format of an IP address followed by a
slash and the number of network bits (e.g., [Link]/24).
12. **Private IP Address**:
- IP addresses used for internal networks that cannot be routed on the internet.
- Examples:
- Class A: [Link] - [Link]
- Class B: [Link] - [Link]
- Class C: [Link] - [Link]
13. **Public IP Address**:
- Globally unique IP addresses assigned to devices on the internet.
14. **Subnetting**:
- The process of dividing a network into smaller sub-networks.
15. **Default Gateway**:
- The IP address of a router that serves as an access point to other networks or
the internet.
16. **NAT (Network Address Translation)**:
- A method of remapping one IP address space into another by modifying network
address information in packet headers.
17. **DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)**:
- A protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and other network
configurations to devices on a network.
18. **Unicast Address**:
- An IP address that identifies a single recipient for network communication.
19. **Multicast Address**:
- An IP address that identifies a group of recipients for network communication.
20. **Broadcast Address**:
- An address that sends data to all devices on the network.
21. **Loopback Address**:
- An address used for testing the local device (e.g., [Link]).