Aa¨vq-2: †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖvg

[Link] cÖ‡kœi mgvavb:

GKwU †hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖvg wb¤œi~c:
m‡ev©”PKiY
mxgve×Zv,

K. Afxó dvsk‡bi gvb GKvwaK we›`y‡Z GKB n‡j mgvavb m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ Ki|
L. cÖ`Ë †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi GKwU mgvav‡b †`LvI .
M. mgm¨vwUi AviI weKí PviwU mgvavb hyw³ D‡jøLc~e©K †ei Ki|

(K). Gi mgvavb :
Afxó dvsk‡bi gvb GKvwaK we›`y‡Z GKB n‡j ‡h †Kvb we›`yB MÖnY‡hvM¨ Z‡e
G‡ÿ‡Î †h we›`ywU MÖnY Ki‡j cÖ`Ë mxgve×Zvi Av‡jv‡K Lye mn‡R m‡ev©”P
gybvdv e¨q A_ev Kvw•LZ jÿ¨ AR©b Kiv hvq †mB we›`y‡ZB Afxó dvsk‡bi gvb
wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡e|

(L). Gi mgvavb :
cÖ`Ë AmgZvi mgxKiY¸‡jv‡K mgZvi mgxKiY we‡ePbv Kwi|

GLb bs mij †iLv x- Aÿ‡K Ges - Aÿ‡K we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| GB we›`y
`yBwU †hvM K‡i (1) bs mij †iLv AsKb Kwi|
(2) bs mij †iLv x- Aÿ‡K (9, 0) we›`y‡Z Ges y- Aÿ‡K (0, 18) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| H
we›`y `yBwU †hvM K‡i (2) bs mij †iLv AvuwK Ges (3) bs mij †iLv x- Aÿ‡K (15, 0)
we›`y‡Z Ges y- Aÿ‡K (0, 9) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| GB we›`y `yBwU †hvM K‡i (3) bs
mij †iLv AvuwK|
GLb QK KvM‡R Mvp wPwýZ AÂjwU cÖ`Ë †hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi m¤¢ve¨
mgvavb AÂj| GB m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb A‡ji †KŠwYK we›`y¸‡jv n‡jv-
 , , (0, 9), (0, 0)

we›`y‡Z Gi gvb

cÖ`Ë †hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi GKwU mgvavb (x1, x2)

Ges H we›`y‡Z Afxô dvskb Gi gvb 120. (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)

(M). Gi mgvavb :
mgm¨vwUi AviI weKí PviwU mgvavb n‡jv
(0, 9) Ges
we›`y‡Z;
we›`y‡Z
we›`y‡Z
we›`y‡Z

[Link] cÖ‡kœi mgvavb:

wb‡Pi K‡qKwU AmgZv †`Iqv n‡jv:
Ges
K) ‡hvMvkÖqx †cªvMÖvg wK?
L) ‡hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi kZ©¸wj wjL|
M) DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ AmgZv¸wji †jL A¼‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Gi me©wb¤œ
gvb wbY©q Ki|

(K). Gi mgvavb :
‡hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖvwgs n‡jv Ggb GKwU AvaywbK ˆeÁvwbK †KŠkj hvi
mvnv‡h¨ †h‡Kv‡bv Drcv`bkxj cÖwZôv‡b wm×všÍ MÖnYKvixi wbR¯^ m„Rbkxj
cwiKíbv Øviv mgm¨v¸wj MvwYwZKfv‡e `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ¯^vaxb Pj‡Ki GKNvZ
m¤^wjZ GK‡mU AmgZvq cÖKv‡ki gva¨‡g Awfó dvsk‡bi Kvw¼Z gvb wbY©q
Kiv hvq|

(L). Gi mgvavb :
‡hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi kZ©mg~n:
(i) mgm¨vi D‡Ïk¨ A‡cÿK †hgb-gybvdv ev Drcv`b Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e Ges Zv
Ab¨vb¨ wm×všÍ Pj‡Ki ‰iwLK A‡cÿK wn‡m‡e cÖKvk †hvM¨ n‡e|
(ii) Drcv`‡b Aek¨B weKí Kvh©µg _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb-GKwU `ªe¨ `yBwU
†gwk‡b Drcvw`Z n‡Z cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î mgm¨v n‡e †Kvb †gwkb Kx cwigvY
Drcv`b K‡i Zv wbY©q Kiv|
(iii) mKj wm×všÍ PjK G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ Aek¨B m¤úwK©Z n‡e Ges †Kv‡bv
Pj‡KB FYvZ¥K n‡e bv|
(iv) mgm¨vi mgvav‡b m¤ú` Aek¨B mxwgZ n‡e| †hgb-GKwU Drcv`b
cÖwZôvb `yBwU `ª‡e¨i GKwU hw` †ewk cwigv‡Y Drcv`b K‡I Z‡e Ab¨wU
Kg cwigv‡Y Drcv`b n‡Z n‡e †Kbbv †gvU ÿgZv mxwgZ|

(L). Gi mgvavb :

†jL A¼b: cÖ`Ë AmgZv¸‡jv‡K mgZvi mgxKiY wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kwi|

GLb QKKvM‡R XOX´ mgvb x-Aÿ Ges YOY´ mgvb y-Aÿ Ges ÿz`ªZg e‡M©I
cÖwZ 2 evûi ‰`N©¨‡K 1 GKK a‡i bs mgxKiY †_‡K cÖvß P(10, 0) I D(0, 5)
we›`y `yBwU ¯’vbv¼vwqZ Kwi Ges we›`yØq‡K GKwU mij‡iLv Øviv †hvM K‡i
Dfq w`‡K ewa©Z Kwi|
Avevi, bs mgxKiY n‡Z cÖvß E(6, 0) I F(0, 6)we›`yØq‡K GKB QKKvM‡R GKB
†¯‹j e¨envi K‡i ¯’vbv¼vwqZ Kwi Ges GKwU mij‡iLv Øviv †hvM K‡i Dfq w`‡K
ewa©Z Kwi|
x = 4 hv y-A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj mij‡iLvi mgxKiY Ges x A‡ÿi abvZ¥K w`‡K y-Aÿ †_‡K Pvi
GKK `~‡i AB Øviv wb‡`©wkZ|
GLb ‡jLvwP‡Îi Mvp Qvqvhy³ AÂj OABCD cÖ`Ë AmgZv¸‡jvi m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb
AÂj| GB mgvavb A‡ji kxl©we›`y¸wj n‡jv:
O(0,0), A(4, 0), B(4, 2), C(2, 4), D=(0, 5)
GLb O(0, 0) we›`y‡Z Z Gi gvb; Z = 2.0 + 3.0 = 0 + 0 = 0
A (4, 0) we›`y‡Z Z Gi gvb; Z = 2.4 + 3.0 = 8 + 0 =8
B (4, 2) we›`y‡Z Z Gi gvb; Z = 2.4 + 3.2 = 8 + 6 = 14
C (2, 4) we›`y‡Z Z Gi gvb; Z = 2.2 + 3.4 = 4 + 12 = 16
D (0, 5) we›`y‡Z Z Gi gvb; Z = 2.0 + 3.5 = 0 +15 =15
 [Link] cÖ‡kœi mgvavb:
GK e¨vw³ X I Y `yB iK‡gi Lv`¨ MÖnY K‡i| wZb ai‡bi cywó Ges Gi
cwigvY, Lv‡`¨i g~j¨ I cywói ˆ`wbK me©wb¤œ cÖ‡qvRb wb‡¤œi ZvwjK vq
eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
X Y ‰`wbK b~¨bZg cÖ‡qvRb
`vg 1.00 3.00
30 12 60
15 15 60
6 18 36
K. mswkøó D‡Ïk¨ A‡cÿK (e¨q A‡cÿK) Ges mxgve×Zv¸wj wbY©q Ki|
L. cÖvß AmgZv¸wj‡K mgxKiY wn‡m‡e cÖKvk K‡i mij‡jLv¸wji †¯‹j A¼b Ki Ges
m¤¢e¨ AÂjwU Mvp is Ki|
M. me©wb¤œ e¨‡qi cwigvY wbY©q Ki|

(K). Gi mgvavb :
g‡b Kwi
X cÖKv‡ii Lv`¨ x GKK Ges
Y cÖKv‡ii Lv`¨ y GKK n‡j LiP me©wb¤œ n‡e
Awfó dvskb Z = Min (x + 3y)
mxgve×Zv mg~n: 30x + 12y ≥ 60
15x + 15y ≥ 60
6x +18y ≥ 36
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

(L). Gi mgvavb :
cÖ`Ë AmgZv¸‡jv‡K mgZv a‡i mgxKiY¸‡jvi ‡jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi Ges mgvav‡bi m¤
¢ve¨ AbyK~j GjvKv †ei Kwi|
AZGe Avgiv cvB,

mgxKiY¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i mij‡iLv A¼b Kwi|

(M). Gi mgvavb :

GLb ÔLÕ n‡Z cvB, m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb A‡ji †KŠwYK we›`y¸‡jv n‡jv ABCD|
†hLv‡b A(6, 0)B n‡”Q (2), (3) Gi †Q`we›`y|
n‡”Q (1), (2) Gi ‡Q`we›`y|
Ges D(0,5)
GLb, A(6,0) we›`y‡Z Z=6
B(3,1) we›`y‡Z Z = 3 + 3 = 6
we›`y‡Z
Ges we›`y‡Z
GLv‡b, we›`ywU mKj kZ© wm× K‡i Ges me©wb¤œgvb G we›`y‡Z
cvIqv hvq|
Ans. x Lv`¨ 3 GKK; me©wb¤œ LiP 6 UvKv|

[Link] cÖ‡kœi mgvavb:

GKRb K…lK avb Ges M‡gi Pvl Ki‡n wM‡q †`L‡jb †h cÖwZ †n±i Rwg‡Z avb I
Mg Pv‡li LiP h_vµ‡g 1200 UvKv Ges 800 UvKv| cÖwZ †n±i Rwg‡Z avb I Mg
Pv‡li Rb¨ h_vµ‡g 4 Rb I 6 Rb K‡i kÖwg‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb| m‡e©v”P 26 Rb kÖwgK
wb‡qvM K‡ib Ges 4800 UvKv wewb‡qvM K‡ib|
K) ‡hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖvg Kx ?
L) †hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi kZ©¸‡jv wK wK ?
M) m‡e©v”P KZ †n±i Rwg wZwb Pvl Ki‡Z cvi‡eb ?

(K). Gi mgvavb :
‡hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖvg k‡ãi A_© ˆiwLK cwiKíbv| †hvMvkÖqx ‡cÖvMªvg n‡jv
ˆeÁvwbK, MvwYwZK Ges †hŠw³K Dcv‡q †Kv‡bv RwUj wel‡q m¤ú~Y© mgm¨v
cy•Lvbycy•Lfv‡e we‡kølY K‡i wbR¯^ eyw×gËv cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g mwVK
wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv|

(L). Gi mgvavb :

‡hvMvkÖqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi kZ©mg~n:

(i) mgm¨vi D‡Ïk¨ Av‡cÿK †hgb-gybvdv ev Drcv`b Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e Ges Zv
Ab¨vb¨ wm×všÍ Pj‡Ki ˆiwLb Av‡cÿK wn‡m‡e cÖKvk †hvM¨ n‡e|
(ii) Drcv`‡b Aek¨B weKí Kvh©µg _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb GKwU `ªe¨ `yBwU †gwk‡b
Drcvw`Z n‡Z cv‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î mgm¨v n‡e †Kvb †gwkb Kx cwigvY Drcv`b K‡i
Zv wbY©q Kiv|
(iii) mKj wm×všÍ PjK G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ Aek¨B m¤úwK©Z n‡e Ges †Kv‡bv PjKB
FYvZ¥K n‡e bv|
(iv) mgm¨vi mgvav‡b m¤ú` Aek¨B mxwgZ n‡e| †hgbÑ GKwU Drcv`b
cÖwZôvb `yBwU `ª‡e¨i GKwU hw` †ewk cwigv‡Y Drcv`b K‡i, Z‡e Ab¨wU
Kg cwigv‡Y Drcv`b n‡Z n‡e †Kbbv †gvU ÿgZv mxwgZ|

(M). Gi mgvavb :

g‡b Kwi, avb x †n±i Ges Mg y †n±i Rwg‡Z Pvl Ki‡Z n‡e|
Afxó dvskb Z = Max (x + y)
mxgve×Zvi kZ©mg~n:

cÖ`Ë AmgZv¸‡jv‡K mgZv a‡i mgxKiY¸‡jvi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi Ges mgvav‡bi m¤
¢ve¨ AbyK~j GjvKv †ei Kwi|
AZGe G AmgZv¸‡jv n‡Z cvB,

‡jLwP‡Î ‡`Lv hvq (1) Ges (2) Gi mKj we›`y Ges G‡`i †h cv‡k©¦ g~jwe›`y †mB
cv‡k^©i mKj we›`yi Rb¨ 1200x + 800y ≤ 4800 Ges 4x + 6y ≤ 26 mZ¨|
‡jLwPÎ n‡Z cvB mgvav‡bi m¤¢ve¨ AbyK~j GjvKv OABC|
‡hLv‡b O n‡”Q g~jwe›`y; A(4, 0)
B n‡”Q (1) Ges (2) Gi ‡Q`we›`y|
Ges
GLb O(0, 0) we›`y‡Z Z = 0 + 0 = 0
A(4, 0) ,, Z = 4 + 0 = 4
B(2, 3) ,, Z =2 + 3 = 5
Ges ,, Z = 0 +
¯úótZ B(2, 3) we›`y‡Z Gi m‡e©v”P gvb cvIqv hvq,
Ans. avb 2 †n±i, Mg 3 †n±i, m‡e©v”P 5 †n±i|

cÖ¨vKwUm Ask: m„Rbkxj iPbvg~jK cÖkœ:

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-1
1| wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i mgh GKwU we‡kl wgk‡b †cÖwiZ e„wUk evwnbwi gvjvgvj mieivn
msµvšÍ `ywU †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi kZ©mg~nt
kZ© 1t
kZ© 2t
K. hyׇ¶‡Î ‡hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi e¨envi ms‡¶‡c wjL|
L. 1 bs kZ© mv‡c‡¶ †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖvgwUi m¤¢ve¨ mgvavb we›`y¸‡jv wbY©q Ki|
M. 2 bskZ© mv‡c‡¶ m‡e©v”P gvb wbY©q Ki hLb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-2
2| Ges `yB ai‡bi Lv‡`¨ cÖwZ wK‡jv‡Z †cÖvwUb I d¨vU wbgœiƒct
Lv`¨ ‡cÖvwU d¨vU wK‡jvcÖw
b Z g~j¨
A 1 3 2 UvKv
B 3 2 3 UvKv
K. Kxfv‡e †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖvg MVb Kiv nq ms‡¶‡c wjL|
L. †cÖvwUb I d¨v‡Ui b~¨bZg cÖ‡qvRb h_vµ‡g I n‡j m¤¢ve¨ mgvav‡bi AÂj
wPwýZ Ki|
M. †cÖvwUb I d¨v‡Ui b~¨bZg Pvwn`v †e‡o wM‡q m¤¢ve¨ mgvav‡bi †KŠwYK
we›`y¸‡jv
Ges ( n‡j Kxfv‡e me‡P‡q Kg Li‡P ˆ`wbK Pvwn`v ‡gUv‡bv hv‡e?
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-3
3| GK e¨w³ UvKvi g‡a¨ Kgc‡¶ Lvbv i“gvj Ges Lvbv wUmy¨ e· wKb‡Z Pvb|
cÖwZLvbv i“gv‡ji g~j¨ UvKv Ges cÖwZLvbv wUmy¨ e‡·i g~j¨ UvKv|
Lvbv i“gvj Ges Lvbv wUmy¨ e· wKb‡j me©v‡c¶v c‡Y¨i msL¨v n‡jv
K. Drcv`b I wbg©vY mgm¨vq wKfv‡e †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖvg e¨eüZ nq|
L. n‡j AmgZvwU‡K Gi Rb¨ mgvavb K‡i msL¨v‡iLvq †`LvI|
M. cÖ‡Z¨K cÖKv‡ii KZLvbv wRwbm wKb‡j H e¨w³ mev©‡c¶v wRwbm wKb‡Z
cvi‡eb?

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-4
4| gvsm I Pvj cÖwZ †KwR‡Z †cÖvwUb I Kve©nvB‡Wª‡Ui cwigvb I Zvi g~j¨ wb‡Pi Pv‡U© †`Iqv n‡jv
Lv‡`¨i bvg ‡cÖvwUb Kve©nvB‡Wª cÖwZ †KwRi
U g~j¨
Pvj 8 16 30 UvKv
gvsm 12 6 40UvKv
‰`wbK 32 22
b~¨bZg
cÖ‡qvRb

K. Lv`¨ mgm¨vq †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi e¨envi wjL|

L. me‡P‡q Kg Li‡P wKi“‡c ˆ`wbK b~¨bZg cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bv hv‡e?
M. †cÖvwUb I Kv‡e©vnvB‡Wª‡U Df‡qi ˆ`wbK b~¨bZg cÖ‡qvRb hw` GKK
K‡i ‡e‡o hvq Z‡e b~¨bZg cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z wK cwigvb Pvj I gvs‡mi cÖ‡qvRb
n‡e|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-5

5|
K. †K ciggvb wPý e¨wZ‡i‡K cÖKvk Ki|
L. mgvavb Kit
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnvh¨ m‡e©v”Pgvb wbY©q Ki| †hLv‡b k©Zmg~n
t

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-6

6| `yk¨Kí 1 t hLb
`„k¨Kít 2t wgicy‡ii nvwg` mv‡ne GKwU †cvjvwUª gvwjK wZwb UvKvq
wKQy nvm gyiMxi ev”Pv wKb‡Z Pvb| cÖwZwU gyiMxi ev”Pvi `vg UvKv Ges
cÖwZwU nv‡mi ev”Pvi `vg UvKv| wZwb Zvi dv‡g© me©vwaK wU ev”Pv
ivL‡Z cvi‡eb|
K. †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡g cwiKíbv ej‡Z Kx †evS?
L. `„k¨Kí -1 G ewY©Z AmZvwU mgvavb K‡i mgvavb †mU msL¨v †iLvq †`LvI|
M. nvwg` mv‡ne †Kvb cÖKv‡ii KZ¸wj ev”Pv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡eb hv‡Z †gvU ev”Pvi
msL¨v me©vwaK nq|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-7

7|
K. †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi myweav Av‡jvPbv Ki|
L. n‡Z cÖgvb Ki †h,
M. Gi kZ©¸wj e¨envi K‡i †j‡Li mvnvh¨ ÿ m‡e©v”Pgvb wbY©q Ki|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-8

8| `„k¨Kí 1t
`„k¨Kí2t Drcj mevwa©K UvKv e¨q K‡i K‡qKwU Kvc †cU wKb‡Z Pvq|
cÖwZwU Kv‡ci `vg UvKv I †c‡Ui `vg UvKv| Kgc‡¶ wU ‡cU I AbwaK wU
Kvc wKb‡Z n‡e|
K. Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
L. `„k¨Kí-1 ewY©Z Gi mywcÖgvg I Bbwdgvg wbY©q Ki|
M. `„k¨Kí 2 G ewY©Z Drcj †Kvb cÖKv‡ii KZ¸‡jv wRwbm wKb‡j mevwa©K
msL¨K wRwbm wKb‡Z cvi‡eb|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-9

9| &GK e¨w³ mevwa©K UvKv e¨q K‡i K‡qKwU LvZv I Kjg wKb‡ZPvb|
cÖwZwU LvZvi`vg UvKv I Kj‡gi `vg UvKv| AšÍZ wU Kjg I wU LvZv wZwb
wKb‡eb|
K, hyׇ¶‡Î †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi e¨envi Av‡jvPbv Ki|
L. †Kvb cÖKv‡ii KZ¸wj wRwb wKb‡Z cvi‡eb Zv wbY©q Ki|
M. LvZv I Kjg Dfq `vg hw` UvKv K‡g hvq Zvn‡j H e¨w³ KZwUKjg wKb‡Z
cvi‡eb?
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-10

10| GK e¨emvqx Rvbyqvix gv‡m UvKvi g‡a¨ Kgc‡¶ Lvbv MvgQv Ges
Lvbv †Zvqv‡j wKb‡Z Pvb| cÖwZLvbv MvgQvig~j¨ UvKv Ges cÖwZLvbv
†Zvqv‡ji g~j UvKv wn‡m‡e wZwb GKwU †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖvg MVb K‡ib
hv‡Z m‡e©v”P msL¨K cY¨ wKb‡Z cv‡ib| wKš‘ e¨emvwqK RwUjZvi Kvi‡Y
Rvbyqvix gv‡m cY¨¸‡jv wKb‡Z bv cvivq †deª“qvix gv‡m ‡Zvqv‡j I MvgQvi
g~j¨ cwiewZZ© n‡q hvq|
K. Drcv`b I wbg©vb mgm¨vq †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡gi e¨envi wjL|
L. Rvbyqvix gv‡m H e¨emvqx KZ…©K MwVZ †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖvgwUi
mgvavb AÂj wPwýZ Ki|
M. †deª“qvwi gv‡m cwiewZ©Z †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖvgwUi mgvavb A‡ji
†KŠwYK we›`y¸‡jv Ges n‡j †Kvb cÖKv‡ii cY¨ KZwU wKb‡Z
cvi‡eb|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ-11

11| kZ©¸‡jv t
K, †hvMvkªqx †cÖvMÖv‡g wm×všÍ PjK¸‡jv KL‡bv FYvZ¡K nq bv e¨vL¨v Ki|
L. mxgve×Zvi Av‡jv‡K wPwýZ wP‡Îi gva¨‡g mgvavb we›`y¸‡jv wbY©q Ki|
M. Gi Dci wKiƒc kZ© Av‡ivc Ki‡j Gi me©wbgœ gvb cvIqv hvq we‡klY Ki|