1

FORCEPS
Uses
1. Used for cleansing the skin with swab dipped in antiseptic solution
during all operations.
2. Used for holding a swab which is used to clean the blood during
dissection of Calot's triangle during cholecystectomy.
3. The swab held up in the forceps is also used for cleaning the blood in
the suture line during gastrojejunostomy, small and large gut
anastomosis.
4. The swab held up in the forceps is also used to strip off the
peritoneum from the fascia transversalis while approaching the
retroperitoneum for kidney exposure or during lumbar
sympathectomy.
5. It is used for removing the laminated membrane and the daughter
cysts during operation of hydatid cyst.
6. This may be used to hold the fundus and Hartmann's pouch of the
gall bladder during cholecystectomy.
7. This may be used as ovum forceps.
8. This may be used to swab an abscess cavity.
9. This may be used as a tongue holding forceps.

Sterilization
By autoclaving
2
2(2)
FORCEPS
Use of Hemostatic Forceps
1. It is used during all operations. It is used to hold bleeding vessels while
cutting through different layers of tissues.
2. While making abdominal incisions and during the closure of the incision
the hemostatic forceps is used to hold the cut margins of the rectus sheath,
linea alba, external oblique aponeurosis and the surgical peritoneum.
3. During appendicectomy through
hemostatic forceps may be used to split the internal oblique and
transversus abdominis muscle. May be used to crush the base of appendix
during appendicectomy.
4. While doing intestinal resection and anastomosis, the mesenteric vessels
are held in between hemostatic forceps and the desired line of mesentery is
divided.
5. It may be used to dissect the vein while doing venesection in the arm
(Basilic or cephalic vein) or in the leg (great saphenous vein).
6. It may be used for blunt dissection while doing lymph node biopsy,
excision of lipoma sebaceous cyst.

8. May be used to hold the end of a ligature while suturing.

9. May be used to tie a knot after suturing.
10. May be used as a dressing forceps.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
3
Uses
1. During laparotomy through midline incision, skin margins may be
retracted by applying Allis tissue forceps to the skin margin while linea
alba is incised. The linea alba may be lifted up by applying Allis tissue
forceps while incising the peritoneum.
2. While closing the midline incision the linea alba may be held up by Allis
tissue forceps during suturing.
3. Used to hold the skin margins during incisional hernia operations to
raise the skin flaps. May be used to hold the margins of the fascial gap while
dissecting the hernial sac.
4. Used during thyroid operations, neck dissection to hold the margins of
the skin while raising skin flaps.
5. Used to hold the cut margins of the bladder during transvesical
prostatectomy or suprapubic cystolithotomy.
6. Used to hold the neck of the bladder during bladder neck resection.
7. Used to hold the galea aponeurotica while raising a skin flap during
craniotomy.
8. Used to hold the skin flaps while excising a lipoma, sebaceous cyst or
lymph node.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
4
Uses

are required during appendicectomy. One pair holds the appendix near its
tip, one pair holds the body of the appendix and the third pair holds the
base of the appendix.
2. Used during gastrectomy, gastrojejunostomy to hold the margins of the
stomach while applying an occlusion clamp.
3. Used during small and large intestine resection anastomosis to hold the
margins of the gut before applying an intestinal occlusion clamp. In open
method of resection anastomosis, intestinal occlusion clamps are not
applied. The cut margins of the gut are held up with
forceps and sutured.
4. Used during gastrostomy or jejunostomy to hold the gut while applying
purse string suture.
5. Used during choledochoduodenostomy to hold the duodenum before
making an incision in the first part of the duodenum.
6. Used to hold the cut margins of the bladder during transvesical prostatec
tomy or suprapubic cystolithotomy.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
5. BLALOCK NEEDLE HOLDER
Uses
Used to hold the needle for suturing. The needle holders are used in all
operations for suturing.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
6
Uses
1. Used for cutting sutures.
2. Used during appendicectomy to split the internal oblique and
transversus abdominis muscle.
3. After incising the external oblique aponeurosis, the scissors is
thrushed through the internal oblique and transversus abdominis
muscle with the blades in closed position and then the blades are
opened up and the muscles are thus split up.
4. Used to cut tough structures like linea alba, external oblique
aponeurosis, anterior and posterior rectus sheath during entry into
the abdomen by a midline, paramedian or subcostal incision.
5. May be used to cut dressings.
6. May be used to cut a corrugated rubber sheet drain.
7. THREAD CUTTING SCISSORS
Uses
This is used to cut the sutures on the skin or mucosal surface.
The suture is held up by a dissecting forceps and one blade of the stitch
cutting scissors is inserted into the loop of the suture.
The suture is cut close to the entrance of the suture into the skin and then
the suture is pulled outside.
The exposed part of the suture does not pass through the depth of the
wound during removal of the suture.
The serration at the tip of the blade helps in holding of the suture during
removal.

Sterilization

concentrated Lysol for 1 hour or in dilute lysol for 24 hours. Boiling or

autoclaving damages the sharpness of the instrument.
8. THUMB FORCEPS (TOOTHED)
Uses
Used during almost all operations to hold tough structures like skin, fascia
and aponeurosis.
1. Used to hold the cut skin margins during suturing.
2. Used to hold the linea alba or the rectus sheath during closure of
abdominal incision.
3. Used to hold the scalp during closure of scalp incision.
4. Fine tipped toothed dissecting forceps is used to hold the cut margins of
the prepuce for suturing during circumcision.

Sterilization
By autoclaving
9. THUMB FORCEPS(PLAIN)
Uses
Used during almost all operations to hold delicate structures like
peritoneum, vessels, nerves and muscles during dissection and suturing.
1. Used during appendicectomy to bring out the cecum and to deliver the
appendix when it is orceps.
2. Used during gastrojejunostomy, gut resection anastomosis to hold the
gut margin during suturing.
3. Used to hold blood vessels, nerves during dissection.
4. Used to hold the peritoneum during closure of midline or paramedian
abdominal incision
5. Used during hernia operation to hold the hernial sac during dissection of
the sac from the cord structures.
6. Fine tipped forceps is used during nerve repair and vascular
anastomosis.
7. Used in pediatric patient to hold the delicate structures during suturing.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
10
11
11(2)
„ The blades are slightly longer than in a Spencer Well's type of
hemostatic forceps.
„ At the tip of the blades there is a tooth in one blade and a groove in the
other blade where the tooth fits when the rachet is closed. This type of
forceps is suitable for holding vessels in tough structures like palm, soles
and the scalp where the vessels tend to retract in the deep fascia. The teeth
at the tip of blades help to hold the retracting vessels securely.

Uses
1. Used during appendicectomy operation to crush the base of appendix.
2. Used to hold perforating vessels during mastectomy.
3. Used to hold the meniscus during menisectomy.

are applied around the margin of thyroid gland lobe before excision of the
enlarged thyroid lobe.
5. Used for holding vessels in the scalp while raising a skin flap for
craniotomy.
6. Used to hold bleeding vessels while operating on palm and sole.
7. Used in obstetrics for artificial rupture of membrane.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
12
Uses
These instruments are used for gut resection and anastomosis.

Sterilization
By autoclaving
13
FORCEPS
13(2)
FORCEPS
Uses
1. This is usually used to dissect pedicles of important organs and a
ligature may be passed around the dissected vessels. This may also
be used as a hemostatic forceps to hold a bleeding vessel at a depth.
2. This is used during cholecystectomy to dissect the cystic duct and the
artery and to pass a ligature around these structures.
3. Used during gastrectomies to dissect and pass ligatures around the
left gastric artery, right gastric artery, gastroepiploic vessels before
their divisions.
4. Used during vagotomy to dissect the anterior and posterior vagus
nerves and pass ligatures around these structures before their
division.
5. Used during splenectomy to dissect the splenic artery and the vein
and to pass ligature around them.
6. Used during nephrectomy to dissect the renal vessels and to pass
ligature around them.
7. Used during thyroidectomy to dissect the middle thyroid vein,
superior thyroid pedicle and the inferior thyroid vessels and to pass
ligature around them.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
14. STRAIGHT ARTERY FORCEPS
15. SKIN HOOK (RETRACTOR)

Uses
„ Used for operation at the surface for retraction of skin flap for
excision of sebaceous cyst and lipoma.
„ Used during venesection for retraction of skin.
„ Used during tracheostomy for retraction of skin and thyroid isthmus.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
16
FORCEPS
17 -
SHAPED)
18. C-SHAPED RETRACTOR
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner
USES
1. Retractors placed suitably help in better visualization of the
operative field.
2. The tissue handling may also be minimized.
3. Bleeding may be better seen and controlled with placement of
retractors.
19
19(2).
20
Uses
1. Used during cholecystectomy for retraction of right lobe of liver.
2. Used during truncal vagotomy for retraction of left lobe of liver.
3. Used during gastrectomy for retraction of liver.
4. Used during pancreaticojejunostomy for retraction of stomach.
5. Used during right or left hemicolectomy to retract the abdominal wall
while mobilizing the colon from the paracolic gutter.
6. Used during kidney operation to retract the abdominal wall.
7. Used during anterior resection of rectum or abdominoperineal
resection to retract the urinary bladder in male or uterus in female
during dissection in the pelvis.

Sterilization
By autoclaving
21

Uses
1. Used to retract the abdominal wall during a number of operations
requiring good retraction of the abdominal wall for proper exposure.
2. Gastric operations (Vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy, gastrectomy).
3. Operations on pancreas (Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy,
pancreaticojejunostomy).
4. Intestinal operations (Small gut resection and anastomosis,
hemicolectomy, abdominoperineal resection, anterior resection.
5. Liver operations (Hepatic resection, excision of hydatid cyst).
6. Operations on adrenal adrenalectomy.
7. Excision of intraperitoneal cysts or sarcomas.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
22. MOSQUITO ARTERY FORCEPS
Uses
1. Used to hold fine bleeding vessels during cleft lip operation.
2. While doing appendicectomy the mesoappendix is punctured at an
avascular site by a mosquito forceps and a ligature passed around the
mesoappendix and tied before division of the mesoappendix.
3. While inverting the base of the appendix by a purse string suture the
stump of the appendix is held by a mosquito forceps and pushed inward as
the purse string suture is tied.
4. Used as hemostatic forceps for operations in infants and children where
the vessels are delicate.
5. Used during circumcision. Three pairs of mosquito forceps are applied
one pair on either side of the preputial orifice and one at the midline raphe
where frenulum is attached. The prepuce is then divided starting in the
dorsal midline. The skin over the shaft of the penis is retracted and the
small vessels on the shaft of the penis are held by mosquito forceps and
ligated.

Sterilization
By autoclaving.
23

Uses
1. Used for fixing the draping sheets.
2. Used for fixing the diathermy cables, suction tubes, laparoscopic
camera cables and fiberoptic light cables to the draping sheets taking
care not to pierce any of these with the towel clip.
3. May be used for holding the ribs while elevating a flail segment of
chest.

Sterilization
By autoclaving
24. VEIN STRIPPER
25
26
HOLDER)
27. BULLDOG CLAMP
28. BONE CUTTER(A) & NIBBLER(B)

"
29. LUNG RETRACTOR
30. RIB CUTTER

31. RIB SPREADER