11th
12th
sta - organic Chemistry
StD
↓
17-18 Que
① General organic Chemistry
② Hydro Carbon
.
③ Halogen derivative
⑪ Alcohol Phenol
,
and Ether
.
⑤ Carbonyl compl
⑥ Amines
⑦ Biondecla .
General organic Chemistry
D Basics
of organic Chemistry .
②
JupAc Nomenclature .
⑤ Isomerism
⑪ effects and Um
.
.
-
Old concept of organic chemistry.
Organic compounds
I
living organism
.
I
I I
Animals
plants
~
Theory
⑫elieus
I
↓ ↓
cannot be prepared by Exist only In
humans in Lab Living Organism
Becaus
of Vital
force .
Wholau's Synthesis
He proved organic compu can be
prepared from Inorganic Compn .
↓,
A
< NH220NH2Cureal
NH4 CNO If eat
organic
Ammonium Cynate- comp
Summary: - Disproved Berzillins ,
proved organic comp > Inorganic compound
-
.
other Inventions
↓ ↓ ↓
Acetic acd .
methane . Urear
Kolbe.
Berthelat wholar
Jorganic compl >
-
Organic Comp
.
"
Murder concept 0 h
.
formed from
Y
Y
Hydrocarbons > Its derivatives -
Hy
#
compound formed H + C+ . . . . -
-
and
H
by C
Some other Element
&, S, (1 , F, Br
. . . ·
which of the following is an
Organic Comp !
-
⑰ BFzX
⑬ H2SO4X
② CH3-ohr
① CH3-COOH
⑦ Both & and ⑪
The main Element for the
Existance of organic compl i
Carbon -
⑫natom
-
↓, I
↓,
Tetravalent Catenation Tetrahedral
W geometry
self linking tendemy of Carbon
to form bond with itself.
Cc -
c -
C -
C -
C
-
C -
C-
How to represent an
organic compu
↓ ↓ ↓
condensed form.
Dash form Bond line .
H
I
CH4 H -
C - H
it If
A
I I
Chz-Cltz H -
C -
c -
H ⑤ ①
I
it It
I I H
11 I
CHz-CH2-CH H -
c -
C - C -
H
⑧
it it &
⑨
CHz-CH2-CH2-CH3 ⑨
&
CH3(CH2)2Ctz
&
D
⑨
Il
CHz-CHz-c-It
.
I
&
G
·
I
Ol
&
&
CALCALATION OF 2 G A BONDS .
bond
Single bond > 2
-
double/triple > X houd -
H It
I I CHz-CH
- - >o C It
CH3-CHz-H-c-
-
I
It go
-
* I I11
-
It It H
c 0 -
C
-
A -
-
70 Bonds
E it 7
CH2 = CH-CECH
If
it
H
I *
F
I &
r, o
C= c -
c = (
it 72 , 37
* F
A
I
①
-it
&
< (Ny
CEN
- N
((
·
S -CEN
CEN
959X .
HYBRIDIZATION *****
lone pairs
No of Sigma bond + No of
& bond + 1 p
. =
4 Sp3 tetrahedral stru 109 50.
" = 3 Sp2 frigonal planar > - 1200
" 1 = 2 Sp Linear >
- 1800
-Sp2
CA2 = (= C= CH2 CH2 =
set s *Spa = >
-
Sp
= - Sp
-
CH = >
-
sp2
CH CI
CH2 = CH =
-
↓
Sp2 sit ser e
Sp3
spr/sp2
CHEC-CH2-CH2-CH = CH2
I
Sp sp
ste as se sin
Degree of Carbon
.
#
It denotes the number of bonds formed by a
carbon with another Carbon
.
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
20 carbon 30 Carbon 40 Carbon
10 Carbon &
zo CH3
CHz-CH3 C+ 2 CHs 14
CHz = =
CHz-CHz-CI-CH3 CHz-C-CIts
10
its
10
day
20
2°
po 20
S
↑
-
· 18
10
48 - 1s ·
20 4
· · ·
28
o
*
-
/opp
1
"
/on
.
o
o
DEGREE OF HYDROGEN
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓,
10 It 2017 3017 4017
↓ ↓
10 Carbon oda attach
cocarbon attach 30 attach Doesn't
Exist
rukum
aagi
c
1817 = 9
10) = 3
201 = 3 20H = 6
38H = 3
go
⑤
↑
CH3
Degree of Amine
Ammonia -
NHz ⑳ tetrahedral
N pyramidal .
H /I
Amine >
-
-
NH2 Ch3
3-
sat
he
lamine s
40 ammonium
CHz-NH2
CH3-NH-CHz 20 amine .
atz-ii-cy
zo amine
a
Alkene .
② Alkyle Arenes
Alkyl halide Nitro Nitrite Nitroso
HIR H/R Alcohol
AIR-CEC-HIR
#
& 1
R-NOL REONO R-NO
C = ( R-X R-OH
S /R
HIR thir this allohoI
A zo group
R-SH
R-N = N-R
Ether .
Pamide ,
20 amide
R -O -
R
30 amide
Thi Ether .
30
20
amine
amie .
#
Functional up R -
S -
R
sulphonic acid
10 amine .
R-SozI
a
& Il
RIH- -X Acid halide. R-S-OH
I
&
Ester Carboxylic alid
.
RIH = -0-R Nitrile /Cyanide & 8 8
O
R -
NEC R-CEN II RIH-CHO
II
RH-c-o--r RIH-"-oH
R -
c -
R
Isocyanide/ Acid Anhydride.
Iso Nitrile
.
Ketone .
Aldehyde .
IPoether
MTV
H
Yo
O ③ ②
Aldehyde .
R -
-or
O
II
H -
C -
OR
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
International union of pure and applied chemistry
IUPAC > -
prefix + word root + suffix (P + w + s)
+ word root + 10 suffix + 20 suffix
[upAc Name >
- 20 prefix + 10 prefix
(210(2)
20 prefix
It tells about side chain/brunch / substituent in organic compl
Notes There are some functional groups and some compounds which are
treated prefix.
always as 20
- X hals
-
NO2 Nitro - OR Alkoxy
Nitrite
-F flurs - No .
-
acts methoxy
- Chloro-No Nitroso
-
OCH2CH3 Ethoxy
-
Br Bromo
- I Indo -
o CH2 (H2C> propoxy
-
CH2-CH2-CH2-cHz n-butyl
CH3-CH-CHy Isopropyl
I
10 prefix
It tells us whether the compound is Cyclo or
Bilydo or Spiro
used only for closed comparing.
word root
about carbon in organic .
compound
It tells no
of
1-meth 9 -
non
2 -
Eth 10-Dec
3-prop 11-under
4 -
But
12-dodes
5-pent
13-trides
6-HeX
20 - Eicos/ICOs
7 -
Hept
30 -
Tricont
8 - act
40-tetracont
100 -
cent
10 Suffix
It tells us whether the compound is saturated or unsaturated
.
C-c - and
C = C-ene
CEC -
yne
CC-C= C -
Diene .
engyne
(C -
(E) -
digne .
vowels + y
Yowds +vowels
20 suffix .
Tells about the
functional group of compe
.
a
IUPAC Nomenclature ofSaturated Hydrocarbons
JUPAc Name : 20 +
/P + wi + 1s + 2
3 sales
① selection of parent chain
② Numbering of parent chain
③ Naming of parent chain .
-
X
4
I
3 -
Ethyl-2-methy/pentance
.
B
chanc
> longest
PC2-
: ,
Alphe
o =
34
25
3456
watare
2 7 3 :
6-demelty
I 8