ENVIRONMENT 623
41. ENVIRONMENT
41.1 AVERAGE GASEOUS COMPOSITION OF DRY AIR
IN THE TROPOSPHERE 2020-21
By Weight
Percent by
Gas Parts Per Million
Volume (%)
(ppm)
Nitrogen 78.084 75.47
Oxygen 20.947 23.20
Argon 0.934 1.28
Carbon dioxide 0.0350 0.062
Neon 0.0018 0.0012
Helium 0.0005 0.00007
Methane 1.79 0.000179
Krypton 0.0001 0.0003
Hydrogen 0.00005 53
Xenon 8.7 x10-6 0.087
Ozone Trace to 0.0008 8
Nitrous Oxide
0.000031 0.5ppm
Carbon Monoxide Trace to 0.000025 0 to trace
Trace to
Ammonia 0 to trace
0.0000003
Nitrogen Dioxide Trace to 0.000002 0.02ppm
Nitric Oxide
Sulphur Dioxide Trace to 0.000002 1ppm
Hydrogen Sulphide
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21
624 ENVIRONMENT
41.2 NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS)
CONCENTRATION IN AMBIENT AIR
(in g/m3 )
Time Industrial, Ecologic
Pollutant Weighted Residential ally
Average Methods of
Rural & Sensi-
Measurement
Other tive
Areas Area
Sulphur Dioxide Annual * 50 20 Improved West & Goake,
(SO2) Ultraviolet fluorescence
24 Hours ** 80 80
Modified Jacob &
Nitrogen Dioxide Annual * 40 30 Hochheister (Na-Arsenite)
(NO2) 24 Hours ** 80 80 Chemiluminescence
Particulate Annual * 60 60 Gravimetric, TOEM, Beta
matter (Size less attenuation
24 Hours ** 100 100
than 10 μm) or
PM10
Particulate Annual * 40 40 Gravimetric, TOEM,
matter (Size less Attenuation
24 Hours ** 60 60
than 2.5 μm) or
PM2.5
Ozone (O3) 8 Hours * 100 100 UV photometric,
Chemiuminescence
1 Hour 180 180 chemical method
Lead (Pb) Annual * 0.5 0.5 ASS / ISP method after
sampling on EPM 2000 or
24 Hours ** 1 1 equivalent filter paper ED-
XRF using Teflon filter
Carbon Annual * 0.2 0.2 Non-dispersive Infra Red
Monoxide (NDIR) Spectroscopy
24 Hours ** 0.4 0.4
(CO)mg/m3
Ammonia Annual * 100 100 Chemiluminiscence,
Indophenol’s blue method
(NH3) 24 Hours ** 400 400
Benzene Annual * 0.5 0.5 Gas Chromatography
(C6H6) based continuous
analyzer. Adsorption and
description followed by GC
analysis
Benzo (a) Pyrene Annual * 0.1 0.1 Solvent extraction
(BoP)- followed by HPLC / GC
analysis
particulate
phase only
Arsenic (As) Annual * 0.6 0.6 AAS/ ICP method after
sampling on EPM 2000 or
equivalent filter paper
Nickel(Ni) Annual * 20 20 -do-
Note: * Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a
week 24 hourly at uniform intervals.
** 24 hourly or 8 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the
time in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive
days of monitoring.
1. National Ambient Air Quality standard. The levels of an air quality necessary with an
adequate margin of safety, to protect the public health, vegetation and property.
2. Whenever and wherever monitoring results on two consecutive days of monitoring
exceed the limit specified above for the respective category, it shall be considered
adequate reason to institute regular / continuous monitoring and further investigations.
Source: National Ambient Air Quality Standards published by MoEF&CC, Delhi
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21
ENVIRONMENT 625
41.3 STATE OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN MAJOR CITIES OF
TAMIL NADU 2020-21 (ANNUAL AVERAGE)
(All values are in µg/m3)
City Category SO2 NO2 PM10
I CHENNAI
1. Kathivakkam Industrial 13 15 49
2. Manali Industrial 14 16 50
3. Thiruvottiyur Industrial 13 15 48
4. Anna Nagar Residential 10 20 56
5. Adyar Residential 9 18 44
6. Kilpauk Commercial 9 19 45
7. Thiyagarayanagar Commercial 10 20 59
8. Nungambakkam Commercial 10 19 49
II MADURAI
9. Hotel Tamil Nadu Residential 12 16 55
10. Pitchai Pillai Chavadi Industrial 15 18 62
[Link] Guest House Mixed 14 17 59
III COIMBATORE
12. DCO Mixed 7 17 52
13. Ponnaiyarajapuram Residential 6 16 49
14. SIDCO Industrial 9 19 54
IV SALEM
15. Siva Tower Mixed 8 21 35
V THOOTHUKKUDI
16. Raja Agencies Industrial 5 9 103
17. AVM Buildings Mixed 4 7 75
18. SIPCOT Industrial 4 7 73
VI TRICHY
19. Thennur Commercial 11 15 36
20. Main Guard Gate Traffic Inter-Section 14 18 54
21. Bishop Heber College Industrial 10 14 33
22. Golden Rock Residential 10 14 32
[Link] Bus Stand Traffic Inter-Section 13 17 48
VII. CUDDALORE
24. Eachangadu Village Residential 13 18 52
25. DEE Office Commercial 15 23 62
[Link] Industrial 12 18 49
VIII. METTUR
27. Raman Nagar Residential 7 22 33
28. SIDCO
Industrial 7 23 40
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21
626 ENVIRONMENT
41.3 (A) STATE OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN CHENNAI CITY 2020-21
(in g/m3)
Category
Station SO2 NO2 PM10
Residential
1. Anna Nagar 10 20 56
Residential
2. Adyar 9 18 44
Commercial
3. Kilpauk * 9 19 45
Commercial
4. T. Nagar * 10 20 59
Commercial
5. Nungampakkam 10 19 49
SO2 : Sulpher dioxide
NOX : Oxides of Nitrogen
PM 10 : Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (<10 Micron size)
* : Traffic intersection areas
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
41.4 AMBIENT NOISE STANDARDS AS PRESCRIBED BY
POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD 2020-21
Log dB (A)
Area Day Time * Night Time **
dB (A) dB (A)
Industrial Area 75 70
Commercial Area 65 55
Residential Area 55 45
Silence Zone 50 40
* Day Time : 06.00 Hours to 22.00 Hours (16 Hours)
** Night Time : 22.00 Hours to 06.00 Hours (08 Hours)
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21
ENVIRONMENT 627
41.5 EMISSION LIMIT FOR DIESEL-DRIVEN VEHICLES 2020-21
Light Standard Smoke Density
Absorption
Test
Co-efficient Bosch Hartridge
1/m Units Units
Full load at a speed of 60%
to 70% of maximum engine 3.1 5.2 75
rated speed declare
Free Acceleration Test 2.45 -- 65
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
41.6 NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING, CHENNAI 2021-22
Annual Mean Concentrations of Air Pollutants µg/m3
Place Industrial Residential/ Mixed
SO2 NO2 PM10 SO2 NO2 PM10
Chennai 13 15 49 10 19 50
Madurai 15 18 62 13 17 57
Coimbatore 9 19 54 7 17 51
Salem - - - 8 21 35
Thoothukudi 5 8 88 4 7 75
Trichy - - - 10 14 33
Cuddalore 12 18 49 13 18 52
Mettur 7 23 40 7 22 33
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21
628 ENVIRONMENT
41.7 SUMMARY STATUS OF POLLUTION CONTROL IN 17 CATEGORIES OF
INDUSTRIES IN TAMILNADU
(As on 31-03-2022)
No. of Comp- Defau-
Category Closed
Units lying lting
1. Aluminum Smelter 0 0 0 0
2. Chlor Alkali 3 3 0 0
3. Cement 25 24 0 1
4. Copper Smelter 2 0 0 2
5. Distillery including 18 11 0 7
fermentation industry
6. Dyes and Dye 1 1 0 0
Intermediates
7. Fertilizers 6 6 0 0
8. Iron & Steel 3 3 0 0
9. Oil Refineries 6 1 5 0
10. Pesticides 2 2 0 0
11. Petrochemicals 8 8 0 0
12. Pharmaceuticals 22 22 0 0
13. Pulp &Paper 3 1 1 1
14. Sugar 43 30 0 13
15. Thermal Power Plant 78 58 3 17
16. Zinc Smelter 0 0 0 0
17. Tanneries 13 11 0 2
TOTAL 233 181 9 43
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21
ENVIRONMENT 629
41.8 ANALYTICAL OUTPUT (WATER) OF
TAMIL NADU POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD LABORATORIES
Trade Effluents
Year
(Received / Analyzed)
2006-07 15109
2008-09 14776
2009-10 16605
2010-11 16238
2011-12 15257
2012-13 17374
2013-14 22368
2014-15 17421
2015-16 15453
2016-17 17198
2017-18 15597
2018-19 26730
2019-20 24695
2020-21 22005
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
41.9 NUMBER OF INDUSTRIES VISITED FOR AIR SURVEY AND
NUMBER OF AAQS/SM SAMPLES COLLECTED
Period of No. of Number of Samples Collected
Monitoring Industries AAQS SM
2006-07 783 4224 1938
2008-09 927 5147 2486
2009-10 973 5367 2530
2010-11 1134 6031 3105
2011-12 1066 5627 2869
2012-13 994 5546 2940
2013-14 1156 6991 3644
2014-15 1084 6331 3436
2015-16 1213 7308 3608
2016-17 1233 6866 3597
2017-18 1181 6549 3571
2018-19 1184 6649 3646
2019-20 1272 6996 3509
2020-21 1300 7361 3647
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21
630 ENVIRONMENT
41.10 NUMBER OF GOODS AND TRANSPORT VEHICLES TESTED AND
EMISSION LEVEL RECORDED DURING 2020-21
Diesel
Station Total Within the Exceeding the
Vehicles limit limit
1 2 3 4
Chennai
Chengalpattu
The Vehicle monitoring stations monitored
Kancheepuram by TNPCB are closed and not in operation,
hence the data are not available with TNPCB
Udhagamandalam
Kattery
Dindigul
Palani
TOTAL
Petrol
Station Total Within Exceeding
Vehicles the limit the limit
1 5 6 7
Chennai
Chengalpattu
Kancheepuram
The Vehicle monitoring stations monitored
Udhagamandalam
by TNPCB are closed and not in operation,
Kattery
hence the data are not available with
Dindigul
TNPCB
Palani
TOTAL - - -
Total (Diesel + Petrol)
Station Total Within Exceeding
Vehicles the limit the limit
1 8 9 10
Chennai
Chengalpattu
Kancheepuram The Vehicle monitoring stations monitored
by TNPCB are closed and not in operation,
Udhagamandalam
hence the data are not available with TNPCB
Kattery
Dindigul
Palani
TOTAL
Source: Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, Chennai-32
Statistical Hand Book of Tamil Nadu-2020-21