NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

PRELIMS FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER – LECTURE 8

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION "Culture of Reaction" rather

MANAGEMENT than a proactive approach to
- Disaster Risk Reduction disaster risk management.
Management (DRRM) is a  PD 10121
comprehensive approach to - The Republic Act 10121, also
mitigating the impact of known as the Philippine Disaster
disasters and building resilient Risk Reduction and
communities. It involves a Management Act of 2010,
series of coordinated actions, repealed PD 1566 and
programs, and instruments established the National
aimed at reducing disaster risk Disaster Risk Reduction and
in vulnerable regions and Management Council (NDRRMC)
minimizing the extent of as the focal body, shifting the
damage and destruction caused focus towards a "Culture of
by hazardous events. DRRM Prevention".
encompasses various concepts,  DISASTER EQUATION
principles, and evolving trends - The disaster equation,
that are essential for effective expressed as Disaster = Hazard
disaster management. x Risk + Vulnerability, highlights
 HAZARDS the importance of
- Hazards are situations that pose understanding the interplay
a level of threat to life, health, between these factors in order
property, or the environment. to effectively reduce disaster
They can be natural, such as risks and build resilient
earthquakes, floods, or storms, communities.
or human-induced, like
DRRM PRINCIPLES AND TRENDS
industrial accidents or terrorism.
 PRINCIPLES
 RISKS
- Risk is the probability or - DRRM principles include
likelihood of a negative disaster prevention, mitigation,
occurrence, such as damage, preparedness, response, and
injury, liability, or loss, that is recovery, all of which are crucial
caused by internal and external for building resilient
vulnerabilities and can be communities and minimizing
mitigated through proactive the impact of disasters.
measures. - Disaster Prevention
 VULNERABILITY - Disaster Mitigation
- Vulnerability refers to the level - Disaster Preparedness
of susceptibility or resilience of - Disaster Response
individuals, communities, and - Disaster Recovery
systems to the impacts of  TRENDS
prevailing hazards, based on - DRRM is an evolving field, with
their physical, social, and emerging trends that focus on
economic conditions. community-based approaches,
 EXPOSURE technology-driven solutions,
- Exposure describes the situation and the integration of climate
of people, infrastructure, change adaptation strategies to
housing, production capacities, enhance disaster resilience.
and other assets located in - Community-based DRRM
hazard-prone areas, which are - Community-based DRRM
at risk of being affected by - Climate Change Adaptation
disaster events.  STAKEHOLDER
ENGAGEMENT
DISASTER EQUATION AND - Effective DRRM requires the
PARADIGM SHIFT active engagement and
 PD 1566 collaboration of various
- The former President Ferdinand stakeholders, including
E. Marcos' Presidential Decree government agencies, non-
1566 of 1978 focused more on governmental organizations, the
response actions, fostering a private sector, and local

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 NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
PRELIMS FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER – LECTURE 8

communities, to ensure a in integrating DRRM and climate

coordinated and comprehensive change adaptation strategies.
approach to disaster risk 2. ADAPTATION PLANNING
reduction. - Based on the vulnerability
assessment, developing and
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION implementing adaptation plans
STRATEGIES that incorporate both DRRM and
1. EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS climate change adaptation
- Implementing effective early measures can help communities
warning systems to detect and become more resilient to the
monitor potential hazards, and evolving threats posed by
disseminating timely and climate change and disaster
accurate information to risks.
communities at risk, can 3. IMPLEMENTATION AND
significantly improve MONITORING
preparedness and reduce the - Effective implementation and
impact of disasters. continuous monitoring of the
2. EMERGENCY PLANNING integrated DRRM and climate
- Comprehensive emergency change adaptation strategies
planning, including the are crucial to ensure their
development of evacuation effectiveness and to make
procedures, emergency necessary adjustments as
response protocols, and conditions and risks evolve over
coordinated communication time.
strategies, is crucial for
minimizing the loss of life and ROLES OF STAKEHOLDERS IN
property during disaster events. DRRM
3. INFRASTRUCTURE  GOVERNMENT
RESILIENCE - The government plays a crucial
- Investing in the construction role in developing and
and maintenance of resilient implementing DRRM policies,
infrastructure, such as disaster- providing resources and
resistant buildings, bridges, and funding, and coordinating
transportation networks, can disaster response and recovery
help communities withstand the efforts at the national, regional,
physical impacts of hazards and and local levels.
facilitate effective emergency  NGOs and CIVIL SOCIETY
response and recovery efforts. - Non-governmental
4. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT organizations (NGOs) and civil
- Engaging and empowering local society organizations are
communities to participate in essential partners in DRRM,
disaster risk assessment, contributing to community-
planning, and implementation is based initiatives, capacity-
essential for ensuring the building, and the provision of
relevance and effectiveness of humanitarian assistance during
DRRM strategies, as well as and after disasters.
fostering a culture of  PRIVATE SECTOR
preparedness and resilience. - The private sector plays a vital
role in DRRM by investing in
INTEGRATING DRRM AND CLIMATE disaster-resilient infrastructure,
CHANGE ADAPTATION supporting business continuity
1. VULNERABILITY planning, and engaging in
ASSESSMENT public-private partnerships to
- Conducting comprehensive enhance community
vulnerability assessments to preparedness and resilience.
identify areas and communities  LOCAL COMMUNITIES
that are most susceptible to the - Local communities are the
impacts of climate change and frontline actors in DRRM, as
natural hazards is the first step they possess the most intimate
knowledge of their

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 NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM
PRELIMS FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER – LECTURE 8

environments and resources.

Their active participation and
empowerment are crucial for
the success of DRRM initiatives.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN DRRM

 TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN
- Local communities are the
frontline actors in DRRM, as
they possess the most intimate
knowledge of their
environments and resources.
Their active participation and
empowerment are crucial for
the success of DRRM initiatives.
 INTEGRATED RISK
MANAGEMENT
- Adopting a holistic approach
that integrates DRRM with
climate change adaptation,
sustainable development, and
other related fields to address
the multifaceted nature of
disaster risks.
 COMMUNITY RESILIENCE
- Empowering local communities
through capacity-building,
participatory planning, and the
development of community-
based DRRM initiatives to
ensure sustained resilience and
self-reliance.
 ECOSYSTEM-BASED
APPROACHES
- Incorporating ecosystem-based
approaches that leverage the
natural environment's capacity
to mitigate disaster risks, such
as the use of green
infrastructure and nature-based
solutions.

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