KERALA GOVT.
POLYTECHNIC
COLLAGE
WESTHILL, CALICUT – 05
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
COMMUNITY SKILL IN INDIAN
KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM
REPORT
‘TRADITIONAL HANDLOOM’
SUBMITTED BY
SURJITH V S
REG NO: 2201032437
ROLL NO: 36
KERALA GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC
COLLEGE
WESTHILL, CALICUT – 05
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
2023-24
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this Bonafede record of Project
Titled
‘TRADITIONAL HANDLOOM’
Submitted by,
SURJITH V S
Reg No: 2201032437
During the academic year 2023-24 in particular fulfilment of
the requirement for the award of diploma in Electrical and
Electronics Engineering from the board of technical
Education, Government of Kerala at Kerala Government
Polytechnic College, Kozhikode.
Head of Department
PAGE 2
GUIDED BY
KERALA GOVERNMENT POLYTECNIC
COLLEGE
WESTHILL, KOZHIKODE-673005
VISION
“To be the best technical hub in the country, creating
technicians of national standards with excellent skills,
knowledge and social commitment”
MISSION
To provide excellent foundation for acquiring technical
knowledge by imparting Quality education.
To create congenial academic ambiance that stimulate
innovative thinking.
To equip the students with employability skills.
To develop integrity through conduct, character,
discipline and high value system to meet the needs of
industry and society.
PAGE 3
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
KERALA GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC
COLLEGE, WESTHILL
VISION
“Be a centre pf excellence in Electrical &
Electronics
Engineering for the sustainable development of
the society”
MISSION
To provide quality technical skills to enter the
labour market with confidence.
Transform knowledge to work for the
socioeconomic development.
To meet challenges in the field of Electrical
and electronics.
Engineering through innovations and
entrepreneurial programs.
PAGE 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express deep gratitude to our guide
Mrs. Hamnaz Lecturer in Electrical and Electronics
Department for her valuable suggestion regarding the
project. We also express our heart full thanks ti all
teachers in Electrical & Electronics Dept. for their kind
co-operation.
We thank Mr. Kamal V V HOD of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering for his timely suggestion,
which help us a lot.
We extend our sincere gratitude to Mr. Abdul
Salam, Principal KGPTC KOZHIKODE. Last but not
least we thank all our friends for wholehearted support
and encouraged. Above all we thank almighty for
making venture success…
PAGE 5
TEAM MEMBERS
1 SURJITH V S 2201032437
NO:36
2 SULFIKER ALI T K 2201032438
NO:37
3 VAISHNAV A M 2201032439
NO:38
4 VISHNU PRASAD V 2201032440
NO:39
5 VIVEK P K 2201032441
NO:40
SUBMITED TO: SRI. KAMAL V V
PAGE 6
GUIDED BY : MRS. HAMNAZ
PLACE VISITED:- HANDLOOM DEVELOPMENT
CENTRE
[Sponsored By: Govt. Of INDIA Ministry Of TEXTILES]
Managed By:-
BADAGARA WEAVERS [Link](PTS) SOCIETY
LTD,NO.F.1013
VATAKARA – 673104 KOZHIKODE
PHONE NO :- 04962524620
PAGE 7
INTRODUCTION
Handloom weaving is an age old tradition in
INDIA. Our culture has been practising it for ages, even
before the introduction of textile mill. The weaver
community produced fabrics using natural dyes from
plants, flowers, or fruits. During the industrial Revolution,
machine made textiles from England replaced handloom
fabric for making clothes. Handlooms regained popularity
during the post- INDEPENDENCE era when Mahatma
Gandhi encouraged people to use handlooms instead of
machine made fabrics for their clothing needs because
they were cheaper than machine- made textiles imported
from abroad. This blog will discuss a brief history of
handloom fabric, the different types and their uses.
Handloom is a traditional craft which is practiced
by millions of people around the world. It’s a skill passed
down from generation to generation, with each person
adding their personal touch to work. Handloom is an art
that uses natural dyes and depends on them for their
beauty and vibrancy.
Handloom weaving first originated in ancient
INDIA. It was used as form of resistance against PAGE 8foreign
invaders and British colonies who sought to suppress
native culture by banning everything from hand-spin cotton
HISTORY OF HANDLOOM
Handlooms are the oldest form of weaving,
dating back thousands of years. Handlooms were used
by nomads in central ASIA as early 5000 Bc. The wide
spread use of fabrics began around 3000Bc after the
invention of cotton. Cotton was much more versatile
than wool, making it easier to weave on handlooms. The
first Handlooms were frames made of wood and bamboo
on which the weaver would sit while they worked. The
warp threads were stretched across two lengths of
wood, with one end secured to ground. The weaver
would then place the weft threads between these two
lengths of wood and use a stick to push them backwards
and forward as they were woven.
The use of beater bars and treadles allowed
the weaver to sit down and work instead of standing,
thus significantly improving upon the process by which
threads had previously been pushed by hand. However,
it would still take a long time for one person to weave
cloth in this manner.
Over time, weaving became an integral
part of Indian culture. The INDIANS used handloom
fabric for clothing needs and its usage expanded PAGE 9
rapidly.
HANDLOOM SECTORS OF KERALA
Kerala has a long lasting tradition of weaving
and handloom production, dating back to hundreds of
years, once known worldwide and applauded for its
uniqueness. The hand loom sector in Kerala employs
about 1.75 lakh of people directly and indirectly. The
handloom industry in the state is concentrated in
Thiruvananthapuram, Kannur, Kozhikode, Palakkad,
Ernakulam, Thrissur, Kollam and Kasaragod district.
The Kerala Kasavu sarees are praised by
women all over INDIA for their fineness of count and
natural colours, textures and golden borders. Kerala is
also known for the manufacture of cotton handloom
fabrics in Kannur, Vadakara and Kozhikode and has
captured an export market.
Balaramapuram in Thiruvananthapuram
district is the most historically important and one of the
oldest handloom centres in Kerala. The weavers
belonging to Chaliyas community migrated from Nagar
coil and Thirunel Veli in Tamil Nadu during the period of
Balarama Varma, ruler of Travancore about 250 years
back.
Kuthampullyin Thrissur district is also well
known for handloom fabrics. In Kuthampully Devangas
PAGE 10
migrated from Karnataka are engaged in weaving. It is
believed that this community of traditional weavers were
MARKET POTENTIAL & STRATEGY
India was the second largest exporter of handloom
products in the world, with exports valued at US$ 353.9
million in 2017-18. Although, there is a considerable
demand globally for handloom products. Also govt. is
supporting handloom industry with various programs such
as cluster development program, marketing assistance etc.
The brand ‘handloom’ is also important in INDIA as it has a
connect with our ethnicity. Most of the domestic buyers
were preferring the traditional dresses weaved in
handloom. So by focusing on traditional dressing market
will be the possible good way for marketing.
PAGE 11
CONTENTS PAGE
NO
Raw materials
Spinning
Weaving
Yarn
Comparison between Natural and Synthetic yarn
Types of yarn
Chart Textile fibers
Advantages of Natural Fibers
What is Handloom
Types of Handloom
Special Features of Handloom
Difference Between Handloom and power loom
PAGE 12
RAW MATERIALS
The most popular raw materials for handloom
weaving are Cotton, Silk, Wool, and Linen.
Cotton
Cotton has been used in India more than 7000
years. During Swadhesi movement cotton was medium
for fight for India indipendantce and self reliance.
After partition irrigated cotton areas Indo and
Pakisthan . Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that
grows in a ball or protective case, around the seeds of
the cotton palnts of the genus Gossypium in the
mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure
cellulose, and can contain minor percentage of waxes
fats pectins and water. Under natural condition the
cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.
ORGANIC Cotton:
Organic cotton is any type of cotton
PAGE 13
that is grown without chemicals and from plants
thatare not genetically engineered. Its production
PAGE 14
HARVESTING
Traditionally, cotton fields have been harvested byhand three to four times
during a harvest season with each pick happening at an interval of 15 days. The first
pick makes up 35% of total picks the second 50% and the third 15%
Removing the bolla: Cotton pickers use rotating spindles to twist the seed
cotton from the opened burr.
Storing cotton: The cotton is elevated into a basket using air, then
transferred to a module builder and packed into large cubes.
Delivering the cotton: The cotton is sent to the cotton gin for processing.
Traditional cotton production has raised significant environmental
concerns. For example, chemical pesticides have killed allPAGE
bugs, 15
including
goods bugs, which has hampered the biodiversity of the soil.
PAGE 16