How to Perform Secondary Injection Tests on VIP4 Relays

Using an OMICRON “CMLIB A” Voltage Source

ENERGY Business Unit

AUTOMATION / IED Activity

Grenoble, France Hong Kong

Meylan M4 Quarry Bay

Energy Automation-IED Application Note

Application Expertise Team
Release date: Version: Written by: Checked by : Approved by:
2014/05/06 1.00 Joseph SU Daniel Mougin

Schneider Electric Industries SAS Business Unit Energy

Les informations techniques contenues dans ce document sont la propriété exclusive de Schneider Electric Industries
SAS et ne peuvent être utilisées ou divulguées à des tiers quels qu'ils soient sans son accord écrit.
All technical information contained in this document is the exclusive property of Schneider Electric Industries SAS and
may neither be used nor disclosed without its prior written consent.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Presentation 3
1.1 Purpose of the document ............................................................................................ 3
1.2 Application areas ........................................................................................................ 3

2 Principle of the test method 4

2.1 VIPs phase current sensors review ............................................................................ 4
2.2 Current Sensor Connection Block Diagram ................................................................ 5
2.3 Secondary injection principle ...................................................................................... 5

3 General conditions 6
3.1 General conditions ...................................................................................................... 6
3.2 Wiring .......................................................................................................................... 7

4 ACCESSORIES 8

5 Appendix A - VIP versions 9

6 Appendix B Voltage level at In on the measurement resistor 10

7 Appendix C - Minimum levels of wake-up current 11

7.1 VIP40 and VIP 45 ....................................................................................................... 11
7.2 VIP400 ........................................................................................................................ 11
7.3 VIP410 ........................................................................................................................ 11

8 APPENDIX D – Example of test with an OMICRON 12

8.1 Equipment ................................................................................................................... 12
8.2 Uncertainty .................................................................................................................. 12
8.3 Wiring diagram ............................................................................................................ 13
8.4 Omicron settings and test procedures ........................................................................ 14
1 Presentation

1.1 Purpose of the document

This document is an application note which describes a test method by secondary injection for VIP4 relays
(VIP40, VIP45, VIP400 and VIP410) in order to simulate high level current injections without using a powerful
current injection facility (>40A).

The principle is to simulate high level primary current signals by injecting low level secondary voltage signals
directly in the E connector of a VIP4 relay.
Consequently, the method needs an accurate low level voltage injection facility (from 0mV to 7V AC for example)
instead of a powerful current injection facility (>50A).

VIP relay must be pre-energized either by the pocket battery or by a wake up current injected through the Cu●
current sensor core or by an Auxiliary Power Supply (in the case of VIP410). In the case of an energization by
Cu● sensor, only the VIP self power supply connector is connected to the VIP relay (connector B).

Appendix B gives the minimum level of the wake-up current according to the type of VIP.

Appendix B gives an example of secondary injection test with an OMICRON generator coupled with a low level
voltage OMICRON adapter. The according example file is joined to this Manual. Its name is “VIP4 - Secondary
Injection Manual Example [Link]”.

Note: In the document, VIP40, VIP45, VIP400 and VIP410 relays are simply called "VIPs".

1.2 Application areas

• This method is not relevant for testing theVIP410 very sensitive earth fault input since it uses a particular
input apart from the CU sensor.

• This method is not relevant to measure start up time or pick-up time (at low or high level injection) since the
level of the energization current does not match with the level of the simulated current: these tests must be
done by primary injection.

• The secondary injection method can be used to simulate high levels of current in order to test:
- the protection trips at high level of thresholds , their accuracy (independently to Cu sensor) and all their
auxiliary functions (tripping values, breaking current history, cold load Pick-up, ... )
- the display of high level measures, their accuracy (independently to Cu sensor) and all their auxiliary
functions (peak demand values, averages, etc)

• This method is particularly convenient to check the behavior of phase and earth fault overcurrent protection
phase (ANSI Code 50/51 and 50N/51N) in dynamic or disturbed conditions, particularly:
- When the signal includes an aperiodic component (DC offset).
- During a switching power transformer (with magnetizing inrush currents)
- When the signal is distorted by the sensor (typical CT saturation during a switching transformer).
- When a phase to earth fault is recurrent (restriking faults)
- When the fault magnitude varies during an IDMT curve delay.

These different situations can be tested with the secondary injection method in order to verify that the behavior of
the protections is not degraded at high levels of current.

For all these sorts of situation, before the signal is applied, VIP relay is pre-energized in order to check the
behavior of protection without taking into account the influence of the activation time. That is the worse conditions.
2 Principle of the test method

2.1 VIPs phase current sensors review

VIPs are self-powered relays that operate with external dedicated dual core current transformers named CUa
(200A rated primary current) or CUb (630A rated primary current). (See CU sensor below in dotted line).

Each of the three transformers of a CUa or CUb is made of two magnetic cores:
- a power supply core. Its target is to energize the self powered relay.
- a measurement core. Its target is to provide the current signal for measurement and protection functions.

So, VIPs are connected to CU sensors by means of 2 prewired connectors from the sensors:
1 x 6-pin lockable connector for the VIP power supply (number 3 on the figure)
1 x 9-pin SUBD connector for metering the phase and earth fault currents (number 2 on the figure)
2.2 Current Sensor Connection Block Diagram

CU current sensor consists of 2 windings per phase (see figure below):

- one winding (2) providing the VIP power supply (cabled on connector B),
- one winding (1) enabling the VIP to measure the phase currents i1, i2 and i3 in the form of low level
voltages by 3 resistors placed inside the sensor. The earth fault current io is measured by taking the sum
of the 3 phase currents by a resistor too. These four voltages i1, i2, i3 and io are cabled to connector E of
the VIP.

Operation of the CUa and CUb current transformers

2.3 Secondary injection principle

As VIP actually measures voltages across resistors placed inside Cu● sensors, the secondary injection principle
consists to disconnect the E connector coming from the Cu● sensor and to inject low level voltage signals directly
in the E connector of the VIP as it was voltages coming from resistors of the Cu● sensor.
So, four low voltage signals are to be injected in the E connector in order to simulate the three phases (i1, i2, i3)
and the earth current (io).
1
The nominal level of voltage signal at the secondary of the CU current sensor is :
- 75mV corresponding to the rated value In = 100A for a VIP 40/45 100A with a CUa 200A
- 150mV corresponding to the rated value In = 200A or 630A for all the other VIP with a CUa 200A or a
Cub 630A

Nevertheless, VIP must be powered in order to operate. Power supply can be done either by:
2
- a wake-up current injected in the three cores of the CU current sensor connected to B connector of the VIP
- or the pocket battery connected in front panel of the VIP
- or an Auxiliary Power Supply connected at the rear of the VIP on connector A (only for VIP410)

1
See Appendix B
2
See appendix C
3 General conditions

3.1 General conditions

The tests are performed in the following conditions:

Before the signal is applied, VIP is pre-energized or not in order to check the behavior of protections without
taking into account the influence of the activation time.
3
VIP is pre-energized either by the pocket battery or by a wake-up current injected through the 3 cores of the CU●
current sensor or by an Auxiliary Power Supply (in case of a VIP410). When powered by a wake-up current, only
the connector for the VIP self power supply is connected to the VIP relay (connector B).
A secondary injection is used to inject the current signals. The nominal level of signal at the secondary of the CU●
4
current sensor is 150mV corresponding to the rated value In of the CU (200A for CUa and 630A for CUb). So,
voltage signals are injected directly in the Sub D 9 pts male connector (measurement cores connector). The E
connector of the CU● sensor designed to measure the phase and earth fault currents is not connected to the VIP.

General wiring

Power supply cores connector (B)

VIP
CUa sensor
Mitop Eco Actuator

Pocket
battery Trip command signal
injection
or Measurement cores connector (E)
Wake up Auxiliary
injection or Power
Supply
Va
Secondary
Vb
voltage injection
facility Vc
Vo Data recorder
Secondary voltage measurement

3
See Appendix C
4
75mv for the VIP 40/45 100A with CUa sensor
3.2 Wiring

3.2.1 Connector E pinout

3.2.2 Secondary low level voltage injection facility wiring principle

Secondary low level

voltage injection facility
(0 mV to 7V AC)

V1 6
1
V2 2
7
V3 8
N 3
N 9
Vo 4
5
4 ACCESSORIES

Accessory Remark Reference

Pocket Battery Used for the Compact NSX too LV 434206
Connectors kit TBC
5 Appendix A - VIP versions

VIP40 and VIP45

VIP40 and VIP45 relays are powered exclusively by CUa (200A) current sensors and operate without any
auxiliary power supply.
VIP40 protects against phase faults.
VIP45 protects against phase faults and earth faults.
They are available in 2 versions: In=100A and In=200A.

VIP400 and VIP410

The VIP400 and VIP410 relays are powered by CUa (200A) or CUb (630A) current sensors.
VIP400 operates without any auxiliary power supply.
VIP410 can operate without or with an auxiliary power supply.
VIP400 protects against phase faults and earth faults.
VIP410 protects against phase faults and very sensitive earth faults.
They are available in 2 versions: In=200A and In=630A.
6 Appendix B Voltage level at In on the measurement resistor

VIP 40/45 100A VIP 40/45 200A

VIP Reference :
VIP 400/410 200A VIP 400/410 630A
CU sensor : CUa (200A) CUa (200A) CUb (630A)
VIP rated primary current In : 100A 200A 630A
Voltage on the measurement resistor : 75 mV at In 150 mV at In 150 mV at In
7 Appendix C - Minimum levels of wake-up current

If energized by the CU● sensor, the minimum level of the wake-up current necessary to energize the VIP by the
CU● sensor depends on the VIP type, the CU● sensor type, the number of cores energized, and the use or not
of the VIP410 external trip input as mentioned in the VIP reference manuals.

It is recommended to inject the wake-up current through the 3 cores of the Cu Sensor in order to minimize the
level of injected current (see tables below).

Here are extracts from the VIP reference manuals.

7.1 VIP40 and VIP 45

Extract of page 86 of VIP40/VIP45 reference manual ([Link]):

7.2 VIP400

Extract of page 212 of VIP400/VIP410 reference manual ([Link]):

7.3 VIP410

Extract of page 212 of VIP400/VIP410 reference manual ([Link])

With a VIP410, it is recommended to energize the VIP by its Auxiliary Power Supply input (instead of a wake-up
current) because the minimum level of wake-up current is a bit high particularly when the test lasts a long time.
8 APPENDIX D – Example of test with an OMICRON

This appendix is an example of VIP test by secondary injection with an OMICRON.

It contains the equipment description,
escription, the wiring diagram and the settings and test procedure.

8.1 Equipment

Current generator
OMICRON CMC256
(4 voltage outputs
6 current outputs)

Low level voltage signal

connector
OMICRON CMLIB A

Note : CMLIB A is used

for connecting the low
level voltage signal
outputs of a CMC for
measurement or
controlling purposes

PC with Test Universe

Omicron software
installed
“VIP4 - Secondary
Injection Manual
Example [Link]” file

8.2 Uncertainty

Device Builder Type Characteristics

Resolution : 0.5 mA
3I generator
OMICRON CMC 256-6
256 Error : < 0.1%
Resolution : 0.25 mV
3U generator
Error : < 0.1%
OMICRON CMLIB A Resolution : 250µV
Low level voltage
Error < 0.025 % type,
signal connector
< 0.07 % [Link] 1 ... 10 Vpk
8.3 Wiring diagram

CMLIB A dedicated cable "LL-out-1-6" connector

at the rear of Omicron

0 to 37.5A AC output

24V to 220V DC
Auxiliary Power Supply output

Energization by
DC Auxiliary
Binary input Power Supply if
VIP410
Trip ( if signal > 2V
2 DC)

A 2 1

"CMC" connector at the 2

rear of CMLIB A 1
BNC cables

66
11
22
77
88
33
99
44
55
Energisation by
Pocket Battery for
VIP setting and/or
VIP energisation if
no CU sensor and
Energization by CU sensor if no no VIP410
Pocket Battery nor VIP410

B connector

Wake-up current
8.4 Omicron settings and test procedures

1) If not done, install on your PC, from the OMICRON CDROM, the "TEST UNIVERSE Software V2.41 SR1
& CM-Line Tools" software or later.
2) Launch TEST UNIVERSE
3) On "OMICRON Start Page" window, click on "Language Selection" in order to select your preferred
language : "English US"

8.4.1 Auxiliary power supply (if VIP410)

1) With a VIP410, connect the OMICRON "Aux DC" output to the VIP410 Auxiliary Power Supply input
2) In the "TEST UNIVERSE" window, select the test tool "AuxDC"
3) Select the Voltage level according to the VIP410 type : 24V (VIP410 A) or 110V (VIP410 E)

8.4.2 QuickCMC Test Module

1) In "TEST UNIVERSE" window, select the test module "QuickCMC" : the "OMICRON QuickCMC" window
opens.
2) If you get it, open “VIP4 - Secondary Injection Manual Example [Link]” file which is the OMICRON
example file joined to this Secondary Injection Manual B0 version.
3) Verify the QuickCMC Hardware configuration parameters (see paragraph below) and continue the
procedure. If you have not opened the example file, set the parameters as explained in paragraph below.

[Link] QuickCMC Hardware Configuration

1) On "OMICRON QuickCMC" window, open "Parameter / Harware Configuration" menu

2) Select the first tab ("General" tab)

Fill the different cells in order to obtain this situation for "Test Set(s)" cluster:

For that :
- In the first field, select your type of OMICRON : "CMC256-6" for instance
- Beside, click on "Details" Button: a window appears.
- For "Voltage Outputs", select "<not uses>"
- For "Current Outputs", select "1x37.5A; 210VA @ 22.5A; 10Vrms"
- Then valid by "OK" button: the window disappears.
- In the second field, select "No extension device" for the other Test set
Then, fill the different cells in order to obtain this situation for "Amplifier(s) / Low Level Outputs / Sensor
Simulation" cluster:

For that:
- Check "Multiple Amplifiers / Low level Ouptputs" checkbox
- Below, in the first field, select "Create Standard Low Level outputs"
- Then, beside, click on "Details" Button
- In front of "Output systems", select "LL out 1-3" and valid by "OK" button
- Below, in the second field, select "Create Standard Low Level outputs"
- Then, beside, click on "Details" Button
- In front of "Output systems", select "LL out 4-6" and valid by "OK" button
 3) Select the second tab ("Analog Outputs" tab)

Click the cells and checkboxes and fill (or empty) the different cells in order to obtain this situation:

4) Select the third tab ("Binary / Analog Inputs" tab)

Click and fill the different cells of the box in order to obtain this situation:

(Note: the 2V threshold is intended to detect the trip order of the Mitop).

5) Then validate the whole "Hardware Configuration" window by "OK" button at the bottom of the window

[Link] QuickCMC settings

1) In "Analog outputs" columns, fill these different values according to the VIP type and its minimum wake-
up current and its nominal voltage value :

VIP 40/45 100A Other VIP (*)

(*) With VIP 400 630A, replace 8A by 16A in order to be upper than the minimum wake-up current level
(see Appendix C).
With VIP410, it is recommended to energize the VIP by its Auxiliary Power Supply input (instead of a
wake-up current). So, put "0A" in front of "I1 energ" (instead of 8A).
[Link] Example: Testing a 50/51 protection set to 1.5 In

a) Set the VIP 50/51 protection at 1.5 In (ie.150A if VIP40/45 100A with CUa sensor, 300A if VIP 200A
with CUa sensor , 945A if VIP 630A with Cub sensor)

b) Below "Analog Outputs" box, check the checkboxes and fill the fields in order to obtain this situation:

For that :
- Check "Switch off" to switch off the injection after tripping
- Select Signal "i1" on which there will be a step of voltage
- Select "Magnitude" which will be the type of step to enter in the field "size"
- For a VIP 40/45 100A, in the field "Size", put a step of 150.0mV (corresponding to 2*In) in order to
obtain 75mv+150mV = 225mV corresponding to twice the threshold (1,5In * 2 = 3In => 225mV) after step.
- For other VIP, in the field "Size", put a step of 300.0mV (corresponding to 2*In) in order to obtain
150mv+300mV = 450mV corresponding to twice the threshold (1,5In * 2 = 3In => 450mV) after step.
- Beside "Trip" binary input, check the checkbox to stop the chronometer after trip

c) Launch the test (*).

For that
- Click "F5" button to launch the injections (and consequently the VIP energization if VIP is energized by a
wake-up current)
- Click on "^" button to launch the step of voltage on i1
- Wait for VIP tripping
- Read the time tripping beside "Trip" binary input and add 2ms to take into account the time tripping of
the Mitop.

Note: to simulate a phase fault at VIP start, click on "^" button before "F5" button to obtain at first the
default value. Nevertheless, it is not recommended because it is not the reality since VIP relay is
energized with a current with is much lower than the simulated current.

(*) To launch the test, your PC must be connected to OMICRON with the adequate cable and must be authorized to
dialog with OMICRON. For that, an icon at the bottom of the window shows whether the connection is OK or not. If
the connection is not OK (icon ), maybe your windows firewall is activated. In this case, authorize
exceptions and verify in the list of exceptions that OMICRON services are checked.
[Link] Example: testing a 50N/51N protection set to 0.1 In (=> Iso = 20A if In=200A)

a) Set the VIP 50N/51N protection at 0.1In (ie.10A if VIP40/45 100A with CUa sensor, 20A if VIP 200A
with CUa sensor , 63A if VIP 630A with Cub sensor.

b) Below Analog Outputs box, check the checkboxes and fill the fields in order to obtain this situation:

For that:
- Check "Switch off" to switch off the injection after tripping
- Select Signal "io" on witch there will be a step of voltage
- Select "Magnitude" which will be the type of step to enter in the field "size"
- For Vip 40/45 100A, in the field "Size", put a step of "15.0mV" (corresponding to 0.2In) in order to obtain
(0V+15mV = 15mV corresponding to twice the threshold (0.1In *2 = 0.2In => 15mV) after step.
- For other VIP, in the field "Size", put a step of "30.0mV" (corresponding to 0.2In) in order to obtain
(0V+30mV = 30mV corresponding to twice the threshold (0.1In *2 = 0.2In => 30mV) after step.
- Beside "Trip" binary input, check the checkbox to stop the chronometer after trip.

c) Launch the test

For that :
- Click "F5" button to launch the injections (and consequently the VIP energization if VIP is energized by a
wake-up current)
- Click on "^" button to launch the step of voltage on io
- Wait for VIP tripping
- Read the time tripping beside "Trip" binary input and add 2ms to take into account the time tripping of
the Mitop.

Note: to simulate an earth fault at VIP start, click on "^" button before "F5" button to obtain at first the
default value. Nevertheless, it is not recommended because it is not the reality since VIP relay is
energized with a current with is much lower than the simulated current.