EAP 021 REVIEWER [1ST QUARTER]

Lesson 1 | Fundamental of Reading Academic Texts Topic Sentence

– presents or describes the point of the paragraph; in other
Academic Text
words, it is the main idea of a paragraph. It can be located in the
⎯ critical, objective, specialized texts written by experts or
beginning, middle, or last part of the paragraph.
professionals in a given field using formal language
Lesson 2 | Evaluating Sources
Purposes of an Academic Text
- To better understand an existing idea Criteria in Evaluating Sources
- To get ideas that can support a particular writing • Relevance
- To gain more information • Authority or Author’s Qualification - author's credentials.
- To identify gaps in existing studies • Currency or Timeliness - is it up to date?
- To connect new ideas to existing ones • Contents or Accuracy of Information
• Location of Sources
Features of an Academic Text
• Formality Two Kinds of Sources
• Objectivity • Primary Sources – original, first-hand information. They can
• Explicitness also be reports of discoveries, experiments, and research
• Caution results in the social sciences.
• Secondary Sources – second-hand accounts of events or
Types of Academic Texts interpretations and analyses of creative or scientific works.
o Textbooks
o Student Essays Lesson 3 | Citing Sources
o Theses and Dissertations
Importance of Citing Sources
o Research Articles
– giving credit to the author of the obtained information
o Case Studies
o Reports
Plagiarism
Structure of Academic Texts – a serious form of academic dishonesty
1. Three-Part Essay – copying verbatim language and ideas of other writers and
– Introduction, Body, Conclusion taking credit for them
2. IMRaD Format
– Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion Copyright Infringement
– a serious offense related to plagiarism
Reading Strategies – when a copyrighted work is reproduced, distributed,
performed, publicly displayed, or made into a derivative work
• SQ3R Method of Reading
without the legal permission of the copyright owner
- Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review
• KWL Method
Two Types of Plagiarism:
- (K) what you know about the topic
• Plagiarism of Ideas
- (W) what you want to learn
• Plagiarism of Language
- (L) what you learned
Purposes of Citing Sources:
Locating Main Ideas
• To give credit to the original author of the work.
- The main idea is what the passage or text is mostly talking
• To promote scholarly writing.
about and is supported by details. • To help your target audience identify your original source.
• To avoid plagiarism.
Thesis Statement
- Presents the overall idea or point of an essay When to cite your sources?
- Should be focused, succinct (briefly and clearly expressed) • Cite when you are directly quoting.
and written in a declarative sentence • Cite when you are summarizing and paraphrasing.
- Has clear boundaries • Cite when you are citing something that is highly debatable.
- Usually presented in the abstract or executive summary
Two Types of Citation:
A good Thesis Statement should have at least three ideas that • In-text Citation
will be developed in succeeding sections of the work. • Reference Citation

AY 2024-2025 | 1ST SEM | 1ST CYCLE //rra

EAP 021 REVIEWER [1ST QUARTER]

Forms of In-text Citation Reporting verb is a word used to discuss another person’s
• Parenthetical Citation writings or assertions, and it has significant use in summarizing.
According to new research … (Smith, 2020).
• Narrative Citation Paraphrasing – is a restatement in your own words of the main
Smith (2020) notes that idea and supporting details of a text. It may match the length of
the original work.
Formats in Citation
• APA (American Psychological Association) Several Ways of Paraphrasing:
• MLA (Modern Language Association) 1. Literal paraphrasing – replaces vocabulary terms from
• IEEE (Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineers) original text
• AMA (American Medical Association) 2. Structural paraphrasing – changes the sentence structure as
• Chicago Manual of Style well as the word class of key word of the original text.
3. Alternative paraphrasing – poses questions about the text
APA 7th Edition Formats and answers the questions using his/her words after reading.

1. Book with one author Direct Quoting

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book in sentence case and – is employed for statements that are so strongly associated
italics. Name of Publisher. that altering the words may lose its rhetorical impact.
– reproducing words from other sources using exactly the
2. Book with multiple author same wording, spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of book in paraphrasing.
sentence case and italics (edition number). Name of
Publisher. Quotations with more than 40 words or 4 lines – apply block quote

3. Journal article – print

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article in sentence case. Practice:
Title of Journal in Title Case and Italics, volume in
Try to answer the following honestly. Test yourself.
italics(issue number), Page number(s).
True or False.
4. Journal article – online
__________1. A thesis statement presents the complete idea of
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article in sentence case.
Title of Journal in Title Case and Italics, volume in a paragraph.
italics(issue number), URL
__________2. Objectivity ensures the absence of beliefs in texts.
5. Thesis/ Dissertation __________3. Biography is an example of primary source.
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of thesis/ dissertation in
__________4. Use et al. all the time.
sentence case and italics. [Unpublished
Thesis/Dissertation, Name of Institution]. URL __________5. You may use ampersand in narrative citation.
__________6. Block quote could be applied in paraphrasing.
Lesson 4 | Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Direct Quoting
__________7. Any study could make use of IEEE format.
Summarizing
– a short restatement of the main idea of a text __________8. Journal title must be italicized in reference listing
– short and representation of the key ideas of source
__________9. Textbooks in public libraries are no longer
material in your own words
academic texts.
3 Heading Formats in Summarizing
__________10. Cite a journal article using APA 7th edition format.
1. Idea Heading Format – the summarize idea comes before
the citation
2. Author Heading Format – the summarized idea comes after
the citation. The author’s name/s is/are connected by an
appropriate reporting verb
3. Date Heading Format – the summarized idea comes after
the date when the material was published

AY 2024-2025 | 1ST SEM | 1ST CYCLE //rra