CONVERSIONS

Specific Heat/Specific Entropy

Length
1 Btu/lbm-°R = 4.187 kJ/kg-K = 1 cal/g-
1000 mils = 1 in °C
12 in = 1 ft
3 ft = 1 yd
6 ft = fathom Conductivity
1 m = 39.37 in = 3.28 ft=1.09 yd
1 mi = 5280 ft = 1609 m = 32 rods = 8 1 Btu/hr-ft-R = 1.731 W/m-K
furlong
1 nautical mile = 1852 m Convective heat Transfer

Mass 1 Btu/hr-ft²-R = 5.678 W/m²-K

1 kg = 35.27 oz = 2.2 lbm Energy

1 slug = 32.174 lbm = 14.6 kg 1 J = 1 N-m = 1 kg-m²/s² = 10 M-erg
1 ton = 0.91 tonne = 1000 kg 1 Btu = 1055 J
1 kip = 1000 lb 1 cal = 4.19 J
1 stone = 14 lbm 1 kW-hr = 3.6 MJ =3413 Btu
1 picul = 133.33 lbm 1 hp-hr = 2.685 MJ = 2545 Btu

Velocity Power

1 m/s = 3.6 kph = 2.237 mph 1 W – 1 N-m/s = 1 kg-m²/s³

1 knot = 1 nautical mile/hr = 1852 m/hr 1 hp = 746 W = 33,000 ft-lbf/min
1 rpm = 0.1047 rad/s = 550 ft-lbf/s
= 1.014 PS (metric hp)
Plane Angle = 2545 Btu/hr
1 ton ref = 3.52 kW = 12,000 Btu/hr
1 revolution = 2∏radians = 360°
Temperature
Area
°C = (°F-32) x (5/9) °F = [(9/5) x °C] + 32
1 acre = 4047 m2 K = °C + 273.15 TR = °F + 460
1 ha = 10000 m2 R = 1.8 K
1 lot = 186.162 m2

Volume
Moisture Content
1 m³ = 1000 L = 264.2 gallon
1 gallon = 3.785 L = 8 pints %MCwb = (%MCdb) / (100 + %MCdb)
1 Bushel = 1.25 ft³ %MCdb = (%MCwb) / (100 - %MCwb)
1 ft³ = 12 board-foot Given with %MCwb: W1 (1-MC1) = W2 (1-MC2)

Force
Scientific Constants (Calcu: Shift+7+XX)
1 N = 1 kg-m/s² = 100 k-dynes 01 Proton mass 2 Muon magnetic
1 lbf = 1 slug-ft/s² = 32.174 lbm-ft/s² = 1 moment
4.448 N 02 Neutron mass 2 Faraday constant
1 poundal = 1 lbm-ft/s² 2
1 kgf = 9.8066 N 03 Electron mass 2 Elementary charge,
3 e
Pressure 04 Muon mass 2 Avogadro’s
4 constant, NA
1 Pa = 1 N/m²= 1 kg/m-s 05 Bohr radius 2 Boltzmann
1 atm = 101325 Pa = 101325 mbar = 5 constant, k
760 Torr 06 Planck constant, h 2 Molar Vol. of Ideal
= 14.7 psi = 760 mm Hg = 6 Gas
406.8 in H2O 07 Nuclear magneton 2 Molar gas constant,
1 ksi = 1000 lb/in² 7 R
 08 Bohr magneton 2 Vacuum Light Ice 1.94 0.52
8 speed Steam 1.88 0.45
09 Planck constant 2 1st radiation Water vapor 1.88 0.45
9 constant Air 1.005 0.238
10 Fine-structure 3 2nd radiation
constant 0 constant Air (Cv) *1.305 kJ/kg-m 0.1714 Btu/lb-ft
11 Classical electron 3 Stefan-Boltzmann,
radius 1 Agricultural Products Density (kg/m3)
12 Compton 3 Electric constant Maize Shelled 720
Wavelength 2 Ears 450
13 p+ gyro-magnetic 3 Magnetic constant Rice (paddy) 577
ratio 3 Unshelled Groundnuts 218
14 p+ Compton 3 Magntc flux Wheat 770
wavelength 4 quantum Soybeans 770
15 n Compton 3 Std. grav’l Dry beans 770
wavelength 5 acceleration
Potatoes 770
16 Rydberg constant 3 Conductance
6 quantum Silage 480-640
17 Atomic mass unit 3 Vacuum impedance Hay Loose 65-80
7 char Balled 180-240
18 p magnetic 3 Celsius
moment 8 Temperature
19 e magnetic 3 Newtonian grav’l
moment 9 const
20 n magnetic 4 Standard
moment 0 atmosphere
CONSTANTS

Metric Other Units

g 9.80665 m/s2 32.17 ft/s2
1000 kg/m3 1g/cc=1 kg/L Density of some commonly used fuels
=62.43 lbm/ft3 Fuel Formula Density
1.25 kg/m3 0.84 lbm/ft³ Regular Gasoline C8H18 0.74 kg/L
9806 N/m3 62.43 lbf/ft3 Premium Gasoline
Diesel C16H34 0.85 kg/L
R water 0.462 kJ/kg-K
Kerosene C12H26 0.825*
R air 0.287 kJ/kg-K 8.314 kJ/kmole-K
Methanol CH3OH 0.792*
Lv water 2263 kJ/kg 540 cal/g
Ethanol C2H5OH 0.785*
Lf water 335 kJ/kg 80 cal/g
Methane CH4 0.04246lb/ft3
% O2 in air 23.2% by weight 21% by Volume
Ethane C2H6 0.08029lb/ft3
Human ≈0.01Hp Time, T in
Power =0.35-0.092 logT Minutes Propane C3H8 0.51 kg/L
Power in Hp Butane C4H10 0.1582lb/ft3
Man Working 3.5 kph LPG 0.535
speed
Animal 0.7-1.3 Hp ≈1.0 Hp
Power
Heating Value of Some Fuels
Solar 1353 W/m2 690 W/m2
MJ/kg Btu/lb
Constant (Outside earth’s (absorbed by
atmosphere) earth) Premium 47.15
Rice Water 10 mm/day Source: NIA Gasoline
Req’t Regular 47.06 20500
Gasoline
Diesel 45.46 18500
(19500*)
Specific Heats (Cp & Cv) Kerosene 46.1 19800?
kJ/kg-K Btu/lbm-R (or Cetane 43.0 (20300*)
cal/g°C)
Coconut oil 15, 051
Water 4.19 1.0
Propane 50.31 2550 Btu/ft3
Milk 3.90 0.93
Butane 3200 Btu/ft3
 LPG (21500*)
Methanol (9000*)
Ethanol 11600
(12800*)
Crude oil 18300
(19500*)
Coconut shell 9965
Charcoal 13210
Rice hull 14.0 (5400Btu/lb*)
Rice stalks
Corn cob 18.9
Bagasse 19.2 8500-8700