RATIONAL
FUNCTIONS
General Mathematics
Quarter 1 - Lesson 8
BEFORE WE START, YOU HAVE PREPARE:
MATH BOOK NOTEBOOK ASSIGNMENT STATIONARY
BOOKLET
RATIONAL FUNCTIONS
X-INTERCEPT
Y-INTERCEPT
ZERO/S
VERTICAL ASYMPTOTE
HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTE
DOMAIN
RANGR
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
DOMAIN
THE DOMAIN of a rational function f(x) is the
set of all real numbers except those for which
the denominator is zero.
RANGE
THE RANGE of a rational function is the set of
all values that the variable f(x) will take.
INTERCEPTS
INTERCEPTS of a rational function is a point
where the graph of rational function crosses the
x or y axis.
ZEROS
ZEROS of rational functions are the zeros of the
numerator.
ASYMPTOTE
An ASYMPTOTE is a line that a curve
approaches, as it heads
towards infinity.
RATIONAL FUNCTION
The rational function is any equation of the form
where P and Q are polynomials and 𝑄(𝑥) =0
LESSON
PROPER
INTERCEPTS
INTERCEPTS of a rational function is a point where the graph of
rational function crosses the x or y axis. To get the x intercept we let 𝑦
= 0 and for yintercept we let 𝑥 = 0. Remember that not all equations
consist both x and y intercept which means that the graph may not
cross in either x or y axis or both.
EXAMPLE 1
ZEROS OF RATIONAL FUNCTION
ZEROS OF RATIONAL FUNCTIONS. When a rational function is equal to zero
then its NUMERATOR is equal to zero. To determine the zeros of the rational
function we equate the numerator of the rational function to zero, then solve for
the variable. When discussing polynomial functions we were often interested in
the zeros of the function. That is, we wanted to know the values in the Domain
(input) of the function that would make the Range (output) equal to zero.
EXAMPLE 2
VERTICAL ASYMPTOTE
The VERTICAL ASYMPTOTE (VA) of the rational function are
the zeros of your denominator.
EXAMPLE 3
HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTE
The HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTE (HA) of the rational functions can be found on
based on the degree of the numerator to its denominator. Suppose:
EXAMPLE 4
Since the degree of the numerator is less
than the denominator 𝑛<𝑚 therefore, the
Horizontal Asymptote can be found along
x-axis (x=0)
DOMAIN
THE DOMAIN of a rational function f(x) is the set of all real numbers
except those for which the denominator is zero.
Steps in determining the domain of a rational function.
I. Find the value of x that makes the denominator not equal to zero.
II. Write the domain in rule form or interval notation.
EXAMPLE 5
RANGE
THE RANGE of a rational function is the set of all values that the variable f(x) will take.
Steps in determining the range of a rational function.
I. Let y=f(x).
II. Solve for x in terms of y.
III. Find the value of y that makes the denominator not equal to zero.
IV. Write the range in rule form or in interval notation.
EXAMPLE 6
ACTIVITY
On your Assignment
Booklet , answer the
following. Write your
solution and box your
final answer.
SOLVE FOR THE FOLLOWING
1. X-INTERCEPT
2. Y-INTERCEPT A
3. ZERO/S
4. VERTICAL ASYMPTOTE
5. HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTE
6. DOMAIN B
7. RANGE
THANK YOU CLASS!
YOU'RE AWASOME
Feel free to watch youtube videos
for further undersrtanding of the
lesson.