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Iodination of Cyclohexanone

The reaction between cyclohexanone and triiodide is dependent on the concentrations of cyclohexanone, triiodide, and hydrogen ions. The general rate law includes variables for the orders of reaction with respect to each reactant and the rate constant. The rate can be determined by measuring the decrease in triiodide concentration over time. By varying the concentration of one reactant at a time and measuring the effect on rate, the order of reaction with respect to that reactant can be determined. This allows evaluation of the individual orders in the rate law and calculation of the rate constant.

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381 views2 pages

Iodination of Cyclohexanone

The reaction between cyclohexanone and triiodide is dependent on the concentrations of cyclohexanone, triiodide, and hydrogen ions. The general rate law includes variables for the orders of reaction with respect to each reactant and the rate constant. The rate can be determined by measuring the decrease in triiodide concentration over time. By varying the concentration of one reactant at a time and measuring the effect on rate, the order of reaction with respect to that reactant can be determined. This allows evaluation of the individual orders in the rate law and calculation of the rate constant.

Uploaded by

SyaRifah SyazwAnie
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Chemical Kinetics: The Iodination of Cyclohexanone

Although we expect the rate of this reaction to be dependent upon the concentrations of cyclohexanone and triiodide present in the solution, in somewhat of a surprise it is also dependent upon the hydrogen ion concentration. The general rate law for this reaction is rate = k [C6H10O]a [I3G]b [H +]c where a, b and c (generally integers) are the orders of the reaction with respect to cyclohexanone, triiodide, and hydrogen ion, respectively, and k is the rate constant for the reaction. For a particular set of conditions, the experimental rate of this reaction can be expressed as the change in the concentration of I3G, )[I3G], divided by the time interval, )t, The average rate or velocity of a car to a given location is the distance travelled divided by time. The amount of I3G consumed is analogous to the distance travelled by the car; both quantities, when divided by elapsed time, give rates. The rate is generally not constant, but varies with time because the concentrations of the reactants decrease as they are consumed during the reaction. This complication normally makes the study of reaction rates rather complex. However, in the reaction between triiodide and this permits one to relate the rate of reaction to the disappearance of triiodide. Triiodide is a brown colored liquid, and the reaction is considered to be over when the brown color just disappears. If a series of reactions is run in which the concentration of only one of the reactants is changed at a time, then the order of reaction with respect to that reactant can be determined. As an example, the order with respect to cyclohexanone can be determined by examining therates of two different trials. In both trials the triiodide and hydrogen ion concentrations are held constant and only the cyclohexanone concentration is varied. Thus, any change in the rate is due to the change in the cyclohexanone concentration. If one now compares the rate of trial II with trial I the following expression results:

Since the triiodide and hydrogen ion concentrations are being held constant the equation reduces to:

By taking logs of both sides of the equation the order of reaction with respect to cyclohexanone can be determined by: A similar procedure enables one to measure the order of the reaction with respect to hydrogen ion and to confirm the fact that the reactions order is zero with respect to [Link] the order of reaction with respect to each reactant is known, the rate constant, k, for the reaction can be evaluated.

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