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JSS3 Basic Technology Third Term Plan

basic tech 3rd term jss3

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2K views18 pages

JSS3 Basic Technology Third Term Plan

basic tech 3rd term jss3

Uploaded by

Aliyu Lawal
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as

additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
THIRD TERM: E-LEARNING NOTES

JS 3 (BASIC 9)

SUBJECT: BASIC TECHNOLOGY


SCHEME OF WORK

WEEK TOPIC

1. MAINTENANCE:

(a) Periodic Maintenance

 Definition of Periodic Maintenance


 Need for Period Maintenance
 Types of Maintenance
 Planning short, medium and long term maintenance
 Reason for choosing preventive, corrective and predictive
maintenance
 Simple Maintenance methods: cleaning, dusting washing, oiling,
adjusting selected parts.
 Keeping of maintenance records.
2. (b) Fault Detection
i. Need for application of fault detection Technique.
ii. Types of objects that require fault detection process
iii. Understanding operational processes.

3-5 Intensive revision of JS 1-3 work.

6. Mock Examination

7-12. Final revision and BECE (JSCE)

BASIC TEXTBOOKS

A. NERDC BASIC TECHNOLOGY FOR JSS STUDENTS, BK3


B. NEW BASIC TECHNOLOGY FOR JSS 1,2,3. (UBE EDITION): BY [Link]

WEEK ONE

TOPIC: MAINTENANCE
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
CONTENT:

(a) Definition of Periodic Maintenance


(b) Planning short, medium and long term maintenance
(c) Need for periodic maintenance
(d) Simple maintenance methods
(e) Keeping Maintenance records.

Maintenance is the work carried out to keep or restore anequipment to an acceptable working
standard at a minimum cost. If anequipment is not properly taken care of, it breaks down.
Breakdown of equipment is very expensive and causes a lot of inconvenience and sometimes causes
loss of life. To avoid breakdown, an organization or individual should formulate an appropriate
maintenance policy or plan.

(a) DEFINITION OF PERIODIC MAINTENANCE:

It is a work undertaken from time to time in order to keep, restore or improve a facility to an
acceptable standard. It can also be defined as the combination of all technical and associated
administrative action carried out from time to time with the intention of retaining an item or
restoring it to a state in which it can perform optimally.

Periodic Maintenance is the type of maintenance which is being carried out on machines, equipment
and buildings at specified interval of time, whether they are in use or not.

(b) PLANNING SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM MAINTENANCE:

Periodic Maintenance is usually planned or scheduled according to the defined time frames.
Periodic maintenance can be termed as:

a. Short term maintenance


b. Medium term maintenance
c. Long term maintenance
 Short term maintenance comprises of those maintenance that are frequently carried
out. For machines and vehicles which are continually used, these are carried out on daily
or weekly or at two weeks interval. The machine and equipment which require short
term maintenance are well laid out in the service manual. In motor vehicle maintenance,
activities such as checking the water level, oil level, tyre pressure etc are parts of short
term maintenance.
 Medium-term maintenance: this comprises those maintenance processes which are
not frequently carried out, but rather done at longer time interval. In motor vehicle
maintenance, activities, such as changing of oil, changing of spark plugs; changing of
fuel; changing of oil filter; as well as servicing of the engine are parts of medium term
maintenance.
 The Long-term maintenance: This comprises those maintenance which are rarely carried
out, yet are carried out at longer term interval. Fixing of new tyres to the vehicle; the
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
total overhauling of the engine; overall body work of the car are parts of long-term
maintenance schedule.

(c) NEED FOR PERIODIC MAINTENANCE:

 To keep the machines or equipment in good working condition.


 To obtain maximum possible output from the equipment.
 To reduce the inconvenience of failure.
 To preserve the usefulness of these equipment.
 To maximize economic and financial turns in industries.
 To mitigate the effects of elements of weather: when building and other structures are
exposed to the elements of weather they depreciate over a time, so periodic maintenance
takes care of the negative effects of harsh weather condition on the equipment.

(d) TYPES OF MAINTENANCE

There are three broad (3) types of maintenance:

(a) Preventive Maintenance: This is a routine maintenance carried out at predetermined period
or intervals to reduce or prevent the possibility of breakdown of equipment. Prevention is
better than cure.
(b) Predictive Maintenance: This is a type of maintenance whereby devices in the equipment
trigger off danger signal predicting a fault. The danger signal could be in the form of red light
or sound. Such predictive signals are common in motor cars, aeroplanes, computers and
digital equipments.
(c) Corrective Maintenance: This is done to correct faults which have already been developed.
At this stage it will require replacement of damaged parts or procurement of a new
equipment. Corrective maintenance is expensive and time consuming.

REASONS FOR CHOOSING PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

 It prolongs the life span of the equipment


 It reduces the probability of failure and breakdown
 It ensures the safety of the users
 It maximizes the economic and financial returns in industries
 It always keeps the equipment in good working condition
 It reduces high cost of repair after breakdown

REASONS FOR CHOOSING PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE

 It alerts the users when the equipment is about to have problem. For instance shortage of
engine oil or fuel, weak battery or low voltage.
 It reduces the probability of failure or breakdown if the user goes for maintenance urgently.
 It ensures the safety of the user.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
 It prolongs the life span of the equipment if urgent repair is carried out.

REASONS FOR NOT CHOOSING CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

 It is medicine after death


 It is costly and time consuming
 It does not maximize the economic and financial returns in industries.
 It does not reduce the probability of failure and breakdown.
 It does not prolong the life span of equipment.

(e) SIMPLE MAINTENANCE METHODS

The Simple Maintenance Methods include:

(i) Cleaning: This is the removal of dirts, with the use of clean cloth, the use of water with
soap.
(ii) Dusting: This is the removal of dust by the use of a small piece of cotton cloth called
duster or brush
(iii) Washing: This is the use of water and soaps. It may also involves the use of sponge or
brush to apply the soapy water on the object which is being washed.
(iv) Oiling: This is the application of oil to machine parts for the purpose of overcoming
friction. This is done by using oil brush to spread engine oil on the desired surfaces of the
machine, this process is called lubrication.
(v) Greasing : This is the application of grease to maintain machine parts for the purpose of
overcoming friction at the point of application.
(vi) Adjustment of selected parts
(vii) Changing of engine oil at least once in a month especially in motor cars.
(viii) Refilling of automatic transmission fluid, gear oil, axle oil, hydraulic oil, battery acid and
electrolyte.
(ix) Alignment and wheel balancing of tyres.

(f) MAINTENANCE RECORDS

These are the records of activities carried out on machines, vehicles and equipment which must be
kept, in order to assist in proper planning of future maintenance activities and also to exercise
economic control over the process of maintenance itself.

A typical maintenance record contains:

a. The name of the machine.


b. The date when the maintenance procedure was carried out.
c. The nature of the fault detected in the machine.
d. The processes that were carried out to rectify the fault identified.
e. Any useful recommendation for future maintenance of the machine.
f. The name of the officers who undertook the maintenance process.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
EVALUATION

1. What is periodic maintenance?


2. Distinguish between short, medium and long term maintenance.
3. List all the information that a maintenance record is expected to contain.
4. Why is periodic maintenance necessary?

READING ASSIGNMENT

Read about fault detection techniques in your textbook: New Basic Technology for jss1,2,3 UBE
Edition pages 204-205.

WEEK: TWO

TOPIC: FAULT DETECTION TECHNIQUES

CONTENT:

i. Need for application of fault detection Technique.


ii. Types of objects that require fault detection process
iii. Understanding operational processes

FAULT DETECTION: This is a trouble shoot devise used in most digital equipment or vehicles to
detect faults and give signal to the user in order to avoid breakdown. The signal may be in the form
of red light or sound to alert the user. The signal is simply informing the user to go for maintenance
or repair.

(i) NEED FOR APPLICATION OF FAULT DETECTION TECHNIQUE:

Fault detection techniques are necessary so as to:

o Reduce operational failure risks.


o Improve the average reliability of the equipment.
o Reduce chances of accidents.
o Reduce the cost of maintaining the equipment or vehicles.
o Prolong the service life of the equipment.
(ii) OBJECTS THAT REQUIRE FAULT DETECTION TECHNIQUE:

The objects that require fault detection include: electric iron, electric kettle, electric cooker, gas
cooker, refrigerator, fan, motor cars, aeroplanes, train, medical equipment, laboratory equipment,
radio, electronic game gadget, torch light, clock, etc

(iii) UNDERSTANDING OPERATIONAL PROCESSESS


This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
Fault clearing activity can be effectively done only when the operational process of an equipment is
well understood. The owner’s manual is a good source of information on the operational process of
an equipment.

For example the owner’s manual contains how to switch on an equipment , what type and size of
battery to use in operating it, which components are likely to fail, the environmental conditions
under which the equipment can be operated and so on. Keeping to all these guidelines helps to
prolong the life of the equipment.

EVALUATION

1a. Periodic Maintenance is maintenance carried out----------------------------------------------------------


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1b. Periodic Maintenance ensures the following:

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2. COMPLETE THE TABLE BELOW:

Type of periodic maintenance Appliances suitable for these kind


1. Long term (a)
(b)

2. Short term (a)


(b)

3. Medium Term (a)Vehicles


(b)

3. Record keeping is needed in periodic maintenance because of these reasons except:


a. Production must not be interfered with.
b. Faults can be detected easily.
c. Scheduling depends on it.
d. It saves too frequent maintenance.
4. List two fault detection techniques
5. Why is it important to install fault detection mechanisms in our equipment/ machines?

WEEK: THREE – FIVE

TOPIC: INTENSIVE REVISION


This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
WEEK: SIX: MOCK EXAMINATION (BECE or JSCE)

WEEK: SEVEN – TWELVE

TOPIC FINAL JSCE/BECE

STUDY THE PRACTICING QUESTIONS BELOW AND GET ACQUAINTED WITH MODEL NECO QUESTION
STRUCTURE.

WISHING YOU GOD’S BEST IN YOUR EXAMINATION IN JESUS’ NAME.


This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.
This material is NOT the property of Goodwill Group of Schools but has been adopted by the school management as
additional teaching aid for teachers and students. Please this material should not be commercialized in any form without
prior formal engagement with school management. This material was developed for the use of teachers and students of
the Goodwill Group of Schools. All financial obligations and commitment has been duly fulfilled by the school
management. It is prohibited therefore to commercialize this document in any form without prior formal discussion with
the management.

Common questions

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Simple maintenance methods such as cleaning and oiling are integral to an effective maintenance strategy because they provide a cost-effective means of preventing major equipment failures. Cleaning removes debris and contamination that can wear down parts, while oiling reduces friction, enhancing the performance and longevity of machine parts . By regularly incorporating these basic procedures into routine maintenance, organizations can mitigate wear and tear, thus preventing small issues from developing into serious problems, which can be costlier to repair . This proactive approach not only extends the life of the equipment but also helps in maintaining operational efficiency.

Planning strategies for short, medium, and long-term maintenance align with overall organizational maintenance goals by structuring efforts to ensure continuous and efficient operation of equipment. Short-term strategies involve frequent checks and routine maintenance tasks, aligning with goals of minimizing downtime and maintaining consistent operation. Medium-term strategies include more substantial maintenance activities, ensuring equipment continues to perform at its best over moderate timeframes . Long-term strategies focus on extensive maintenances like overhauls or upgrades, aligning with strategic objectives like maximizing equipment lifespan and predicting major expenditures . These plans work together to optimize maintenance resources, support operational continuity, and achieve cost-effectiveness .

The primary components of a maintenance record include the machine name, date of maintenance, nature of detected faults, corrective procedures applied, recommendations for future maintenance, and the names of the maintenance officers . These components contribute to effective maintenance management by providing a comprehensive history of maintenance activities that can guide future actions. By tracking when maintenance occurred and what measures were taken, organizations can identify patterns, anticipate maintenance needs, and allocate resources more efficiently . Additionally, keeping detailed records allows for accountability and oversight within the maintenance process, supporting continuous improvement .

Maintenance records assist organizations in managing maintenance activities effectively by providing a detailed account of past maintenance actions, which supports planning and cost control. These records include the maintenance date, nature of detected faults, corrective processes applied, and recommendations for future maintenance . By analyzing this information, organizations can identify maintenance trends, plan future activities more accurately, and allocate resources efficiently. Furthermore, records support economic control by tracking the maintenance costs and ensuring the procedures are economically justified .

The application of fault detection techniques enhances operational efficiency by reducing the risk of unexpected equipment failures and facilitating timely maintenance . Fault detection uses signals like red lights or sounds to alert users to potential issues, allowing preventive measures before breakdowns occur . This can save time, reduce repair costs, and minimize operational disruptions, thereby maintaining efficiency in equipment and vehicle operations .

Distinguishing between short, medium, and long-term maintenance is crucial for effective periodic maintenance planning as it allows for optimized scheduling and resource allocation. Short-term maintenance involves frequent activities, such as checking oil and water levels in a vehicle, which ensures day-to-day operational efficiency . Medium-term maintenance includes tasks like changing spark plugs or oil filters, which helps maintain medium-term performance without frequent interruptions . Long-term maintenance, such as total engine overhauls, ensures the longevity of equipment and helps plan for major repair investments at strategic intervals . This categorization helps in reducing unexpected failures, maximizing machine output, and preserving equipment utility .

Preventive maintenance might be chosen over corrective maintenance for specific equipment because it aims to avoid failures before they occur, thus ensuring uninterrupted operations and reducing downtime. Preventive maintenance involves regular inspections and routine tasks at predetermined intervals to maintain equipment in good condition, thereby extending its lifespan and optimizing performance . In contrast, corrective maintenance occurs post-failure, which can be costly and disruptive to operations. Opting for preventive maintenance can therefore result in long-term cost savings and lower risks of unexpected breakdowns, particularly in critical systems where operational continuity is paramount .

The need for periodic maintenance directly relates to the longevity and economic viability of industrial equipment by ensuring its consistent optimal performance and preventing costly breakdowns. Regular maintenance activities such as inspections, replacements, and calibrations keep equipment functioning efficiently and safely over time . This proactive approach reduces repair expenses and extends the equipment's useful life, thereby increasing its return on investment. Additionally, periodic maintenance helps in preserving the condition of equipment under adverse environmental conditions, safeguarding it against depreciation and maintaining its financial value .

Periodic maintenance offers several key benefits in industrial settings, including maintaining equipment in optimal working condition, maximizing possible output, and minimizing operational disruptions due to unexpected failures . Additionally, it prevents the rapid depreciation of equipment exposed to harsh conditions, preserving its utility and financial value over time . By implementing a structured periodic maintenance schedule, industries can enhance the long-term performance and reliability of their equipment, thus ensuring sustained operational efficiency and reduced long-term costs associated with replacements and extensive repairs .

Neglecting periodic maintenance in an industrial setting can lead to severe consequences, such as frequent equipment breakdowns, reduced operational efficiency, and increased safety hazards . Without regular maintenance, equipment is likely to suffer from wear and tear, leading to unexpected failures that disrupt production schedules and result in costly downtime . Additionally, the lack of preventative care can accelerate deterioration, necessitating expensive repairs or replacements and lowering the economic lifespan of the equipment . This negligence also increases the risk of accidents, as equipment reliability is compromised, potentially endangering personnel safety and leading to legal liabilities .

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