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Applications of Static Friction in Mechanics

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33 views2 pages

Applications of Static Friction in Mechanics

Tutorial of iit madras

Uploaded by

ViCtOrY GamER
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AM 1100 Engineering Mechanics

Tutorial 5

Submission Date: 18.09.2024

Mechanical friction and its applications

Fig. 1
1. A cylinder of weight W is supported by two semi-
circular cylinders of weight W/2 each and of
same radius as the top cylinder. Find the
maximum distance between the centres of the
semi-circular cylinders for which the equilibrium
is possible. The coefficient of static friction
between the cylinders 0.3 and that between the
semi cylinder-horizontal surface is 0.4.

Fig. 2
2. A spool of wire having a mass 150kg rests on
the ground at A and on the wall at B as shown in Fig.
2. Determine the force required to begin pulling the
wire horizontally off the spool. The coefficient of
static friction between the spool and its points of
contact is 0. 25. Given a=0.45m and b=0.25m

3. Two 8-kg blocks A and B resting on shelves


are connected by a rod of negligible mass (Fig.
3). Knowing that the magnitude of a horizontal
force P applied at C is slowly increased from
zero; determine the value of P for which the
blocks tend to slide if coefficient of static
friction between all surfaces is 0.40.

Fig. 3
4. A uniform beam of weight 50lb is supported by the rope which is attached to the end
of the beam, wraps over the rough peg, and is then connected to the block of weight
100 lb. If the coefficient of static friction between the beam and the block, and between
the rope and the peg, is 0.4, determine the maximum distance that the block can be
placed from A and still remain in equilibrium. Assume the block will not tip. Take a=1 ft
and b=10ft.

Fig. 4

6. Bucket A along with its contents is having


a mass ‘m’ and is connected to block C by a
cable that passes over drum B as shown in Fig.
6. The direction of rotation of the drum is
shown in Fig. The coefficients of static and
kinetic friction at all surfaces are 0.35 and 0. 25
respectively. Determine the smallest value of
‘m’ for which block C will (i) remain at rest (ii)
start moving up the incline (iii) continue moving
Fig. 6 up the incline with constant velocity.

Common questions

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The maximum placement distance of the block from point A along the beam can be evaluated by considering the static friction coefficient (0.4) at the contact surfaces. The block remains in equilibrium when the sum of moments about the contact point equals zero. The relationship involves the beam's weight (50 lb), the block's weight (100 lb), and the static friction preventing slipping. Calculating moments and forces while applying static equilibrium equations determine this maximum distance, balancing forces from rope tension against friction .

To determine the force required to pull the wire horizontally off the spool, the balance of frictional force at the contact points must be evaluated. Given a mass of 150 kg and a static friction coefficient of 0.25 at the contact points, we use the formula: F = μ * N, where μ is the friction coefficient and N is the normal force, calculated as the product of mass and gravitational acceleration. The spooling geometry, with dimensions a=0.45m and b=0.25m, affects how forces are distributed. By calculating these, we can determine the necessary pulling force .

Equilibrium in the system is determined by the balance of forces, where static friction prevents slipping. The friction between the cylinders allows them to maintain position without sliding. To find the maximum distance between the centers of the semi-circular cylinders, we need to consider the static friction coefficients: 0.3 between cylinders and 0.4 between the semi-cylinder and the horizontal surface. These values dictate the maximum separation as they influence the frictional force keeping the cylinders in place. By equating forces and moments and introducing these friction coefficients, the equilibrium condition can be solved .

The value of the horizontal force P required to cause the blocks to slide depends on the balance of static friction resisting motion. Given the blocks' weight, the coefficient of static friction (0.40), and considering any applied forces, we calculate P at the point where the static friction limit is breached. When frictional force reaches the maximum static friction value (μ * N), where N is the normal force, the blocks begin to slide. This involves calculating the force along the direction of motion and considering the mass of the blocks .

To determine the smallest mass 'm' for which block C remains at rest, begins to move, or continues moving, the static and kinetic friction coefficients at 0.35 and 0.25 must be evaluated. Initially, the balance of forces must satisfy static friction conditions for rest. To initiate motion, the force must overcome both static friction and gravitational influences; it then transitions to kinetic friction as movement begins. For constant velocity, balance between applied and frictional forces is crucial. Solving with these conditions gives the critical mass value for each stage .

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