ISSUES AND PROSPECTS OF USING CHATGPT IN CREATING ACADEMIC ESSAYS :
NARRATIVE STUDY
A research proposal
Presented to
The Senior High school Research Committee
Zamboanga Peninsula Polytechnic state university
R.T Lim Boulevard Baliwasan Zamboanga city
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in
SHS RESEARCH 1
(Qualitative Research)
DANIALLA GWEN J. YAHIA
AMIR ZIBYAN C. LADJA
FARZHEENA H. IBRAHIM
MARY ANN N. SANGCALING
MAY 2024
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CHAPTER I
Background of the study
ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is Now a threat buzzword for many
technical creators as well As the white collar working class, that include teachers, as Well as
any professional whose job needs content creation For its ease of work without any need for
verification(Roose, Kevin 2022). The dreaded and feared Chatbot that Is developed by OpenAI
launched as ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is now built with Vigour and
dynamic functional aspects that can surpass Many search engines even (Quinn, Joanne
2020). The Entire ChatGPT is now made on GPT-3 family using large Language models fine-
tuned for transfer learning that can Use both the supervised as well as reinforced learning
Techniques. A release that cost US $29 billion by Open AI, The founding company that is now
threatening many of the Search engines that possess very uneven accuracy Factually too.
The perception of ChatGPT use in Academics is not encouraging. (Vincent, James, 2022).The
academic bodies, a community of teachers and other Related white-collar profession such as
lawyers, Accountants, journalists, writers, and poets are also against The introduction of
ChatGPT since it can create havoc for The original contributors (Varanasi, Lakshmi 2023), as
Well as, nullify creativity in the minds of students. The Fears about this new chatbot avatar are
raising fears among Certain professional establishments as well as people Involved in it, the
first being the educational sector (Greengard, Samuel 2022)
In this fast-changing digital world, the rapid development Of artificial intelligence (AI) has
sparked discussion among Researchers and practitioners worldwide about its tremendous
Impacts in their respective fields. One of the most cuttingedge AI tools to date is a chat
generative pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), which has rapidly attracted over 100 Million
global users after a few months of its public launch in November 2022 (Rahimi & Abadi, 2023).
The number of unique Users had significantly increased to over 180 million by August 2023
(Tong, 2023). This has resulted in the most growing Application compared to that of other
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popular social media Platforms, such as Instagram and TikTok (Hu, 2023). ChatGPT was
developed by an American AI company Known as OpenAI. As a state-of-the-art language
model with Extensive training on the corpus of data derived from multiple Internet sources,
including websites, journal articles, and Textbooks (Adiguzel et al., 2023; Choi et al., 2023;
Kung et al.,2023), ChatGPT is capable of generating precise responses to An array of prompts
and inquiries instantaneously (Qadir,2022) and producing nearly flawless texts that are
challenging To distinguish from humans’ writing (Alneyadi & Wardat,2023; Cotton et al., 2023;
Susnjak, 2022; Talan & Kalinkara, 2023; Wardat et al., 2023).
However, recent research has highlighted various issues Concerning the use of ChatGPT,
including the risks of privacy And ethical issues (Chukwuere, 2023; Lund & Wang, 2023),
Misinformation about science or distribution of fake or Inaccurate content (Liebrenz et al.,
2023), biased responses or Outputs (Halaweh, 2023; Kitamura, 2023; Lund et al., 2023), a
Lack of creativity and originality of AI-generated responses (Chakravarti, 2023; Dwivedi et al.,
2023), and the restricted use Of training data for ChatGPT (Gilson et al., 2023; Talan &
Kalinkara, 2023). More specifically, as Dergaa et al. (2023) Noted, given the limited data in the
training data set and/or ChatGPT’s inability to distinguish between reliable and Unreliable
sources, responses produced by ChatGPT contained Misleading accuracies and
misrepresentations, potentially Causing a detrimental effect on users. Thus, although ChatGPT
Continually obtains updated data via user engagement to Improve its capabilities, there are
concerns arising from this Fast AI development (Shoufan, 2023; van Dis et al., 2023
Theoretical Framework
Using Chat GPT to write academic essays has both good and bad parts. On one hand, it can
be helpful because it can generate a lot of text quickly and understand the context of what is
being written. This can be useful for tasks like summarizing research findings or creating an
outline for an essay.
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However, there are some problems to consider. One big issue is that it could be easy to copy
and paste the generated text without giving credit to the person who created it. This is not fair
and could get you in trouble for plagiarism.
Another problem is that Chat GPT might have biases or stereotypes in the text it generates. If
these biases are not fixed, they could make the text inaccurate or unfair.
Moreover, even though Chat GPT can generate text quickly, it might not be able to come up
with unique and original ideas. Academic essays often require students to show their own
understanding and analysis of a topic, which could be hard to do with generated text.
On the other hand, there are some good things about using Chat GPT for academic essays.
For example, it could be used as a starting point for students, allowing them to generate ideas
and then expand on them. Additionally, Chat GPT could help students improve their writing
skills by giving feedback on grammar, syntax, and coherence.
In summary, while there are some problems and concerns about using Chat GPT for academic
essays, there are also potential benefits that could make it a useful tool for students and
researchers. It’s important for users to be aware of the limitations and potential biases of the
model and to use it as a supplement to their own research and writing skills.
Statement of the problem
The problem addressed in this study is the time-consuming and labor-intensive process of
generating academic essays. Academic writers face challenges in terms of time, creativity, and
quality, which can hinder their productivity and hinder the progress of academic research.
There is a need for innovative solutions that can assist academic writers in generating high-
quality essays efficiently. This study aims to explore the potential of ChatGPT, an AI language
model, in addressing these challenges and improving the efficiency and quality of academic
writing.
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[Link] are the challenges and benefits that student’s encounter when using ChatGPT as a
tool for generating ideas and writing academic essays , and how does their experience with
technology influence their writing process and final essay product?
[Link] can the limitations of using ChatGPT in academic writing be addressed to enhance its
effectiveness and reliability?
2. What are the good and bad things about using Chat GPT to write essays?
3. How can students make sure they’re not copying and pasting the generated text without
giving credit to the person who created it?
4. What are some potential biases or stereotypes that Chat GPT might put in the generated
text, and how can these be fixed?
5. What are some other ways students can use to generate ideas and write academic essays,
and how do these compare to using Chat GPT?
Hypothesis
Using Chat GPT to write essays has both good and bad parts, like being able to generate a lot
of text quickly, the potential for copying and pasting without giving credit, and the need for
students to balance using Chat GPT with their own research and writing skills. By
understanding these issues and prospects, teachers and school administrators can help
students use Chat GPT responsibly and ethically while also supporting their development of
writing skills but also chat gpt can lead to memory lost.
Scope and limitations of the study:
The study will focus on using Chat GPT, including the good and bad things about this
technology. The study will consider things like how fast Chat GPT can generate a lot of text,
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the potential for copying and pasting without giving credit, and the need for students to balance
using Chat GPT with their own research and writing skills. The study will also explore how
teachers and school administrators can help students use Chat GPT responsibly and ethically
while also supporting their development of writing skills.
The study will focus on the potential benefits and drawbacks of using Chat GPT, but it may not
consider other factors that could influence the use of this technology in academic writing, like
the cost and availability of Chat GPT or the impact on the quality of student writing.
Conceptual framework
Figure 1.
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Figure 1 conceptual paradigm showing the effect of using chat gpt in academic performance
The main concern of this study is to explore the effect of using chatgpt in making school works
on the respondents’. The conceptual paradigm shows the process On how the researchers
measured the effect of using chat gpt on the Respondents’ . The respondents were given the
pre-test which determined The number of respondents who fell within the low range, below
average range, And average range on their scores and CORE scores. From the results of The
pre-test and post-test, the researchers were able to determine the effect of Using chat gpt on
the Academic performance of the respondents.
Significance of the Study
The study focused on explaining the effect of chat gpt on the students in their academic writing
Moreover, Using ChatGPT to write academic essays has some advantages and disadvantages
The main concerns are Making sure the text is original and not copied from someone else.
Ensuring the text is well understood and not [Link] unique and original ideas.
Avoiding any biased or offensive content.
To use ChatGPT effectively, students should review and edit the generated text to make sure it
meets the standards for academic writing. This includes checking for originality, understanding
creativity, and avoiding any unethical content.
Definition of term’s
Essay – an analytic or interpretative literary composition usually dealing with its subject from a
limited or personal point of view.
Prospect’s – The possibility that something good might happen in the future.
Chatgpt - a generative AI chatbot created by OpenAI.
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CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature
Creating academic writing with the use of artificial intelligence (AI) like Chatgpt has become
more convenient and efficient. It can have a positive concerns on teaching and learning but it
also have a negative concerns like academic dishonesty and plagiarism. However, this review
brings about a number of issues and prospects that are worth exploring.
The ChatGPT, as a large language model, has the ability to generate human-like text, making
it a promising tool for academic writing. Its use could potentially enhance productivity, reduce
workload, and assist in generating ideas for academic essays. ChatGPT could be useful for
individuals with language barriers or disabilities, providing them with a valuable resource for
expressing their thoughts and ideas in writing (Smith, 2023).
The use of ChatGPT in writing a essays is a promising area of research. ChatGPT can
generate text on various topics, further research is needed to determine the accuracy of the
generated text and its potential impact on students’ performance and academic honesty
(Dergaa et al. 2023).
Despite the potentials benefits it can also have a drawbacks, ChatGPT in creating academic
essays has raised several concerns to us. One of the primary concerns is the potential for
academic dishonesty and plagiarism. A study on the use of AI-generated content in academic
writing found that students who used AI-generated content in their essays performed better
than those who did not, but it also raised concerns about the potential for academic
dishonesty. According to (Smith, 2023) Chatgpt has a big impact to us, to our creativity,
learning and honesty.
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Overall, the literature suggests that the use of ChatGPT in creating academic essays is a
complex issue that requires careful consideration of its potential benefits and drawbacks. While
it may offer opportunities for enhancing productivity, it also raises important ethical and legal
concerns that need to be addressed.
Related Studies
This study aims at exploring the potential benefits and threats of ChatGPT and other natural
language processing (NLP) technologies in academic writing and research publications. The
study involved a literature review of relevant scholarly articles published in peer-reviewed
journals indexed in Scopus as quartile 1. The search used keywords such as “ChatGPT,” “AI-
generated text,” “academic writing,” and “natural language processing.” The analysis was
carried out using a quasi-qualitative approach, which involved reading and critically evaluating
the sources and identifying relevant data to support the research questions. (Dergaa et al.
2023)
This study emphasized a balanced approach to AI integration, where AI collaborates with
human authors, and also identified popular AI tools used by Indonesian students. As such, the
research highlighted AI’s significant role in supporting academic writing while preserving
human creativity and critical thinking, underscoring the importance of maintaining a balanced
integration to sustain human ingenuity and critical thought in academic discourse (Malik et al.
2023)
This study highlights the need for comprehensive discussions on the potential use, threats,
and limitations of these tools, emphasizing the importance of ethical and academic principles,
with human intelligence and critical thinking at the forefront of the research process. This study
recommends that academics exercise caution when using these tools and ensure
transparency in their use, emphasizing the importance of human intelligence and critical
thinking in academic work. Lingard L. (2023).
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This study aims to explore the potential and problems associated with applying advanced AI
models, particularly open AI’s ChatGPT, in education. However, its impact on the education
sector has elicited mixed reactions, with some educators heralding it as a progressive step and
others raising alarms over its potential to reduce analytical skills and promote misconduct. This
study aims to delve into these discussions and contribute to the ongoing debate on the role of
AI in education. Grassini, S. (2023).
Theoretical Framework
The study dual nature of using ChatGPT in scientific research. On the one hand, AI
technologies offer opportunities for researchers to enhance their work through approval,
creativity, and diverse perspectives. On the other hand, the reliance on AI-generated content
raises concerns about reliability, ethics, and plagiarism. Ultimately, while AI cannot replace
human authors, it can serve as a valuable tool to support and augment the research process,
providing helpful tips and assistance in article writing (Dönmez et al. 2023).
ChatGPT can be a useful tool for students, it is important to ensure that its use does not
compromise the development of critical thinking skills or replace human labor. This study
concludes that the integration of ChatGPT in higher education should be carefully assessed
and monitored to minimize its potential negative effects ( Vargas-Murillo et al. 2023)
Also, There are concerns about Chatgpt its potential misuse leading to plagiarism and
researcher dependency. The study recommends integrating AI language models with
publishers and academic platforms to reduce plagiarism and regulate the publishing process
(Dwivedi, Y.K. 2023).
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Conceptual Framework
This part of the paper will further explore the issues and prospects of using ChatGPT in
creating academic essays, examining the potential benefits and drawbacks of AI-assisted
writing and its implications for academic integrity. Following the Input-Process-Output model.
Figure 1: The Conceptual Framework of the Study (IPO model)
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the researcher in
conducting the study which includes the research design, research locale, respondent of the
study, research instruments, data gathering procedures, and data analysis.
Research Design
The researchers will use the qualitative interview methodology as the study is
attempting to know the different perceptions of the grade 11 STEM students of ZPPSU on the
issues and prospects associated with using ChatGPT for creating academic essays through a
narrative study. Specifically, a semi-structured interview will be conducted so that the
researchers can ask additional questions during the interviews if clarifications and further
explanations will be needed. The respondents subjective and objective perceptions are
expected to form the core data of the study, hence it needed the method that would deal with
the topic in a narrative and descriptive nature.
As cited by Oakley (n,d), qualitative interview is a type of framework in which the
practices and standards be not only recorded, but also achieved, challenged and as well as
reinforced. Interviews are particularly useful for getting the story behind a participant’s
experiences. The interviewer can pursue in-depth information around the topic.
An interview guide will be administered to the respondents prior to the interview proper
which will include the questions that they will be asked during the interview. Leedy (1993)
explains that qualitative research is based on the belief that firsthand experience provides the
most meaningful data. It is also believed that qualitative data gives large volumes of quality
data from a limited number of people. It is aimed at understanding the world of participants
from their frame of reference (Walker, 1985).
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Research Locale
The study will be conducted in Zamboanga Peninsula Polytechnic State University, a
university institution located at R.T. Lim Boulevard, Zamboanga City since the study’s main
aim is to determine the perceptions of the grade 11 STEM students regarding the issues and
prospects associated with using ChatGPT for creating academic essays through a narrative
study. of the said institution.
Respondent of the Study
The respondents of this study will be the STEM students of Zamboanga Peninsula
Polytechnic state University comprising of 40 population, male and female. They were the
choosen students because they are the ones who are knowledgeable enough to answer the
study. They answered the questionnaires that the researchers gave them which provide the
information that the researchers need.
Research Instruments
The instrument used was a researcher-made survey questionnaire to gather the needed
data for the assessment and evaluation to determine the factors affecting the on-the-job
training of Stem students at ZPPSU.
In this way, the instrument is authorized to obtain valid and reliable responses of the
students. Preference for the use of the questionnaires is given on a several research
assumptions such as cost of being a least expensive means of gathering data, avoidance of
personal bias and less pressure for immediate response.
The research subjects were asked to choose their preferred response by checking on
the corresponding boxes. The questionnaire had a questions that relates to the study and
these questions were answered consequently.
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Data Gathering Procedures
This study used both primary and secondary sources of data. Primary data which is
quantitative methods are based in mathematical calculations in various formats. Methods of
quantitative data collection and analysis include survey questionnaires. Secondary data is a
type of data that has already been published the data collected from books, newspapers,
magazines, journals, internet and any other related sources for this study.
The researchers personally provide the research instruments to the respondents. They
present and discussed the significance of the study and accomplished the distribution of the
questioner’s properly.
The respondents were given an enough time so that they will properly analyze the
questions and answered it correctly. The researchers went from one section to another on
collecting the accomplished questionnaires.
After the questionnaires have been accomplished. the results were tallied and
tabulated. These data became the basis of analysis and interpretation.
Data Analysis
The researchers analyze the data that they collect employing the methods using
quantitative data analysis. It involves critical analysis and interpretation of figures and
numbers, and attempts to find rationale behind the emergence of main findings. A survey
questionnaire was used to seek information in order to assess the factor affecting the on-the-
job training of the students. After collecting all the data and information related to the subject in
the research, the researchers further make observations in the form of comments, opinions
and suggestions based on their experiences because It is one of the earliest methods for
acquiring knowledge.
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on the belief that firsthand experience provides the most meaningful data. It is also believed
that qualitative data gives large volumes of quality data from a limited number of people. It is
aimed at understanding the world of participants from their frame of reference (Walker, 1985)
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From human writing to artificial intelligence generated text: examining the prospects and
potential threats of ChatGPT in academic writing
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Ismail Dergaa1, 2, 3,Karim Chamari4,Piotr Zmijewski5,Helmi Ben Saad6, 7, 8 2023
Conducting academic research with the ai interface chatgpt: Challenges and opportunities
İ Dönmez, S Idin, S Gülen – Journal of STEAM Education, 2022
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