DRAW FRAME
TASKS OF DRAW FRAME
• Equalizing of fiber strand
• Parallelizing of fibers
• Blending of slivers
• Dust removal
OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF DRAW
FRAME
• Four to eight card slivers are fed to the drafting
arrangement
• A feed roller pair is located above each can to
enable the feeding step to be performed in a
controlled manner
• The feed roller pairs are mounted on a creel
frame or table and each is positively driven
• The slivers running into the drafting arrangement
leave it after a draft of 4 to 8 as web lacking
significant cohesion
OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF DRAW
FRAME
• In order to avoid disintegration of web at high
speed it is converted into a sliver immediately
after drafting arrangement
• This sliver is then guided through a tube via a
passage of tube gear into a can
• In the can the sliver is laid in clean coils so that
the space of the can is optimally utilized
• The sliver is compressed by passing it through
calendaring rollers so that maximum material can
be stored in the can
OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF
DRAW FRAME
CREEL OR FEED
Creel must be designed so that:
• False drafts are avoided
• Machine stops immediately when a sliver
break occurs
• Slivers can be dealt easily comfortably and
safely
• Cans have a diameter up to 1000mm
• Rollers are driven positively
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CREELS
DRAFTING SYSTEM
Requirements:
• High degree of flexibility i.e suitability of all raw
materials staple length and hanks that might be
processed in all short staple spinning system
• Optimal control over movement of fibers during
the drafting operation
• Rapid and simple adjustability of roller spacing
and draft level
• Ease of maintenance and cleaning
DRAFTING SYSTEM
Influence of fiber material:
• Mass of fiibers in the strand cross section
• Degree of order of fibers (parallel or random)
• Shape and compaction of fiber strand
• Adhesion of fibers dependent on the surface
structure, crimp, spin finish, and compression of
strand
• Fiber length; evenness of distribution of fiber
length
• Existing twist on the fiber strand
• 3 BY 3 DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT
3 BY 4 DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT
DRAFTING SYSTEM
Factors dependent on drafting arrangement:
• Diameter of the rollers
• Hardness of the top rollers
• Pressure exerted by top rollers
• Surface characteristics of top rollers
• Fluting of bottom rollers
• Form of guiding devices such as pressure rods,
pin bars approns condensers
• Clamping distance (roller setting)
• Level of draft
DRAFTING SYSTEM
• Distribution of draft between various drafting
zones
Hardness of the top rollers is categorized as:
• Soft i.e. 65 to 750 shore
• Medium i.e. 75 to 800 shore
• Hard i.e. 800 shore and above
DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT
The drafting force is mainly dependent on the
number of fibers in the cross section, it is also
dependent on:
• The arrangement of fibers in the strand i.e.
straight or hooked
• Cohesion between the fibers
• Fiber length
• Nip spacing
DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT
Stick slip:
• The draft force brings the fibers from the
static condition to the dynamic condition
• This mechanical operation not only requires
considerable force but also not only occurs
without disturbance
• The condition of strand is constantly changing
i.e. between acceleration and standstill
DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT
The critical drafting region is the break draft
zone the drafts for different machines are
For cotton:
• Break draft range for roving is 1.15 to 1.4
• Break draft for ring frame is 1.3 to 1.7
• For synthetic fibers the break draft is higher as
compared to cotton
DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT
• In the drafting zone the fibers are classified as guided
fibers and floating fibers
FIBERS a, b, and c GUIDED FIBERS
FIBER d FLOATING FIBER
DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT
Drafting friction field is influenced by:
• Pressure on the top rollers
• Hardness of the top roller covering
• Roller diameter
• Mass of the fiber strand
• Density of the strand
• Cross section of the strand
• Width of the strand
• Twist in the strand
COILING
• Cylindrical disposition of sliver in the
can is a common practice
• Two shifting movements of disposition
points are carried out simultaneously
• R is the rotating plate, L is the guide
passage and D is the coiler calendar
roller
D-
L
R
C