TRANSN]551DN LINES

Al bghrY Mquncics

A nmittir9 SructuNc to quire oY dtyecl

nfmation fYom 5ouice to

consists of tO OY moYe povalle) conc tors

6d 1o CoNnect a 5DUICeto a oad.

TUO wTC line Co Oial

Cobles
U at highey fqumy
CYansmission lirrs).

Pelc P
A Ar

Rac AS
(IY)S
TTCY-s)
TY

Poc Y
cc

Lodiatfon
Tosstal kunuwcnted coupirg
dispe Si on

Fnso CAr a Art

SenSoY Sdetred
b>a
delo
 C.

- al higtey
VAA
NcD
Rcquncie
*
(snoth of Ir otal ciicc
Vny mrh less thon
waleqth- cîicutt theo

3XIo 300M
o6
OUY pYOCtical CiNcetit necl lo 15 m << am
So Netwov heory bccomes

higher equiercies Resisto, CCpocit0y

PYopey tie5 chonges.

mpedere moichinq tc1kcs ploce.

a/7/2a

TYans iF Time efPect

tme tares to travel from one point (o

Oncthey ot
NO Siqnal tiarel with infiní te
(oun velociBu
deF Cffrct of yoltace Gy cLttnt
Chaing
Ct Some loca tion Cannot e fett instanC
(hstantCineoUsy

Crt Some other location

ftrie delay beBuren the ceusr aal ePRrt
FRN
vflurity c soud 33om/A. speri or iht
-15
DOD IT -3.335
VCtl chonqt fian 3to 3,

ACC. to civcuit theos

P hlad lood voltage alsu charges

iVChoPf law Wts Uh

cqeCct ty

tinme petiod f the 5ignal s much lavger than

he yansit tlme, we may i9nore effect o y

Con4 icnoe
tqnovc tr
tyT

T P>AT: T Ft= AJ

CIYCut theory ATYk5 When

a. T> ty

1P civcuít fcails to dhov cbey above coidions

tYanimis5ion line throy comes

 EX H 7 n5
A 0:3<< 30m
T 1X105> 0xI6 1. x
T ty
we have to applu
EYCin5mi55ion heor
THE, T:PS
Ex &
300Mm

T: I1o 5 >> IxIo s

ns >> ps

we can app cfrcuit theory

L TX speed of light
NE
EX 3 H2 T4 =
0ns
L- 306km

3X1D Os<e 3ms

3XIDd

we can aply circuit theor

r taks Amall 5ectien oP

tie Surh that
2 << ) the
tCnst ire ePfett Con
nerdelrd wth lumrcl Cemcnt9
a onwqr nt9 the (hoffs aus can
ppliec
 tianaít timc effect the uncle Inc ncirt
pC to
CCnncot be a55Led to he
ce C Capacitance

ocatea at
a
artictlaY oint n space

iductcnCo and Capacitane ae dishibutecd

houh the length of the Uve.

hen r have phase diPeycnce at any point ot,

a t eds.
Called distrfboted porometeYs.

C-abil ty to stoe ehelqy

Setf inUtare
the cyent a d praluces
T oppoSes
D1strfbOted parame ers

L C
Iuctcrce ccpaicitanceLeakc9e

Conluctane in
AC ye515HNO
betuecn a
per urit enghh lercth of
Condctas the
diectlC

OP the con
h e Cfoy onit)
moteic) bhw
fo oni
cxtY5 Henvy/mn tengh & Condochas FOY

farodmn unit ength

mho/m.
97/22

VC2+42t) VC2+02)
Vat) VC2)

uC
 102)
ROT JuiA I(2 +A2)
AM.

vca) 602 VC2+A2)

VC2-VC2+02):(e4jutb)M) V(2+0)- VCa2)

AZ
20)-a), p4 Juol)I?)
.It VC2+A2)-VC?)
A2

T2)1C2+A2)

ju D2 GD

TC2 2+ D2)+ 2402)|CJuwcA)+ GD2)

oNC CR+ju)Tc2)
TCegraph
Cuatons
T (G+ Jwc) vC2)
2

T P a wive has tranumittonce effect, then

hou volHo ord CuYcnHS5 at on ¢A evey

pont ofthat wlve tell5 by a TelqYaph cqn.

dVC2. (e4j)CatJwcyc2)
d2

d2102)=PAjuN) C6tjwc)1c2)

(Pw1) Ca-jwc)
 d2
d 2) e ))<- un dI(2
toge ard c u r r nves

o i t P afti CLIMV values ckamt al diffent uins

5 0y

CUvent chanc at oliPfevenl-

diPAevrnl
dlkection and Value of
roint5.

6 etr2

VC2)= V e + o

T
elatfonthp b l v and

dVC2) dCIC2
d2 dz

P tjul. JCR4ju
etjwl VG+ juc

Vo (+juxl)
Y

3
+juol)
(G4Jwc)
2o -
GtJu).

nC
To chovacte Ystîc impecic

recdom pYopeYties,
 (vires
20 Trs or 6omely of
Fov a qien volHCKe ey pont of UiTC , hoy

much cunent lou will te by 20

20
docsrot deperod on eng{h, soUYCe of wive
distyíboted element
.
vCtl=vo
matched
Vct)VO 20
Poot=Vo CCufts
tto
Sperial Civcuits
CtVo
t to
Pcneuavd buau (by ACOYCC)
nck wavd wae C eflected une to at 1sfy
oundary Condftion5).
load miamach qive morc Yeflecec wve t
PouDOn
Toss

m.c AimP m-c

0sste55 tanimission
Conplex piopooptibn ConAtaunt

Y tJl)(Etjur)

phcse
ad unuoton
Yacd m
neper5lm
0,G 0

Y Jul) iwy
 J (Rert)

NOph1e difdvenCe bt u
v and 1.
ossles CY 1)

V2 V e- Vo o

Vo e

20

wJL o E

-Y2 Y= JR+jwl)(G+jux)
VCE)= V" e +Vo e
+Y2
-Y2 2o-RtJu
IC) =
v e e G+jwc
20
y//2a

Centereod analysis
0 , load AAA
VCa etv2 7Vo eY2

oy&ecd uae
 . e2
20
VC2)
Line mprrnre.
2)
Yatio of tota Conple d
Cin+oUt) wcve to 10tal Compley
CUYYCnt voltcge uave)

if VC =o then 2 2
2 o deperds on Cl,R and G.
22 dcperds on mcgnitude arnd prcsC
propogat at ing uves Vt(2 and v-c2)

o Vo and Vo Can he calculated by APpPying Booriaj

Conditfons
lacd centevcd
50UYCe cenHtred oad Centred
e

M t,2
2 - 2

2-0 2-
e l = e r P

valVteJ e-J62 Vo
fayubyd bac
foLavd bactuOd fovanvd hockuad

favuovd and bocruad 5ource to lood

etJB2 e-B
2 2 diection on silcrer
 Icd centevrd Reflcction CoeF fiC ient

20 2

20
V =
VC2=0) =
Vo+Vo
I 1 2 :o ) = Vo-Vo
2o (Vo+ Vo
Vo- Vo
Lo
Ae flection
V (2 =o) No ( CoePpicient
yt 2 0 only foy voltg

OHb Ct clivicient ule

a-b
Componenio
C-

VoVo
-Vo 20 VAVO K+Vo2-20

220 QVo -20

aVo 24 20

()2O
(0) 2-po h rl1
2 0 I=
jX+20

1 2 20
(matched kignal)
ine irrderee-
2)= Vo" e- vot e'z

20 20 Zo

-er2
I-(

2)-(2-2oJe

IC2)
2LC1-e) 2oCl4 ¬ar)

CoshY2 e+e-Y

5inhY2 e e e'?

tonhY2 tanh9t) - j tanhp?

Y2
2(2) tanh(r2)
4 Lo55
20- 2 tanh(va) J

22)2o
20 2 120tanh(p2) lO less
20- 2 tonh(p?> (Y-jP)
?n 2(2= -9)

242,tcnB
0+ j2 tcns
 Shoyt cíicuit ine

20 S.C2in: ?
2nZo7 20+1tans
(2 o

20 tang 2n )
2tn ro Co.C)

2in-J2%Cotp
Nu2
ciYCUfE 0 p -
2 I

ZinjoCot30 = O

aCt 05

Line chavor te5ttC vepral thenselcs eer

ee A

20
2
2in 2

inverts eCIy ditstonce.

NOVMlized impedonre

in 20 o+2
2ot j2 2e
nonlikd idunte
2 1

2in N
. Matckecd Condion)

oCOA 4 )2oSinsd
2C)2| sin3I
2oCO53 +j 2o

2in