CONTENTS OD, HIS CREATIONAND ATTRIBUTES SUIS GOD, HIS NATURE AND ATTRIBUTES 2-15 4.1.1 Attributes of Gad, 3-10 1.1.2 Ways of demonstrating moral attributes of God. 11-13 1.1.3 Similarities of God's attributes in the three religions. 16-15 : RELIGIOUS PRACTICES SUB-STRANi- ©. WORSHIP 17-82 2.1.1 Types of worship. 18-31 2.4.2 Modes of worship. 32-65 2.1.3 Moral lessons drawn from worship. 66-70 2.1.4 Significance of prayer. 71-82 Reena se ages eel iv] nad SUB-STRAND 1: THE FAMILY SYSTEMS Bh-105 3.1.1 Family systems in Ghana, 85-91 3.1.2 The role of family members. 92-95 3.113 Ways of promating good relationships among family members. 96-105AN (hae ef (oly le 1) sated TE SUB-STRAND U:EARLY RELIGIOUS LEADERS 107.4 4.1.1 Early life and call of early religious leaders. 108.4 4.1.2 Ministries of the early religious leaders. 13.44 4.1.3 Moral lessons learnt from early religious leaders. 1614 5: ETHICS AND MORAL LIFE SUB-STRAND iMANNERS AND DECENCY 169.211 3.1.1 Manners and decency, 170-178 5.1.2 Greetings and dressing, 179-200 5.1.3 Chastity. 201-205 5.1.4 Religious teachings on manners, decency and chastity. 206-211 ND 6: RELIGION AND ECONOMIC LIFE SUB-STRAND 1:-WORK, SOCIAL SECURITY : AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP 213-23 6.1.1 Work and social security, aint 6.1.2 Relevance of work. pried 6.1.3 Entrepreneurship. meat 6.1.4The need to become an entrepreneur: 2352 Bibliography aGOD, HIS NATURE AND ATTRIBUTES INDICATORS: 1. Explain the nature of God through His attributes in the three major religions, 2. Describe ways in which you demonstrate attributes of God in your life. 3. Identify the similarities in the way that the nature of God is understood through His attributes in the three major religions in Ghana.1.1.1 ATTRIBUTES OF GOD Who Is God? What shows that there is God? ‘Where can you see or find God? God is a spirit [Link] exists as a spirit person who created everything in the world, including human beings. According to Christian beliefs, God exists in three persons, not in three gods. The three personsin God are:the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. According to Islam, God is called Allah, Allah is a spirit being. He exists as one Supreme Being. Allah created everything in the world, including human beings. Islam does not believe that Allah exists in three persons. According to Traditional Religion, God is the greatest among all other spirits. There are different names given to God because of different languages. Akans call God Nyame; Ewes call God Mawuu; Gas call God Nyongmo; Nzemas call God Nyamele; Hausas call God Ubangiji, Dagaares call God Naawine, etc. Godis not seen, but we feel His presence by the natural things around us:The things thatexist in nature were made or created by God. For example the air, water, plants, sky, mountains, animals (including humans), etc. were not created by humankind; chey were created by God. According to the Holy Bible and the Holy Qur'an, all the things that exist in nature were created or made by God or Allah. anything that exists in nature? Can human beings create themselves? Because God alone created everything in the universe, we accord or give Him certain attributes to show who He is, what He is, what He has done in the past, what He is doing in the present and what he can do in future. Attributes are qualities, truths, special names or titles which form part of the nature of a deity or a person. The type of attributes accorded to a deity or a person depends on qualities like ability, capability, nature, character, power, influence, ete. God is a spirit being. We cannot see Him, but what He has done in the universe (His created things), what He dees for us (e.g. His blessings) and what He continues to do for us make us accord Him many attributes ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES 1. 2 3. Why is God highly respected by all humans? He is all powerful and created everything in the universe, What does this statement represent? He created all things, without Him nothing was made in the world. Who is this person? Give two examples of the ability of God. Give two examples of the influence of God, Give two examples of the character af God. —=_ |,7. Give two examples of the nature of God. 8. How do you call Gad in your language? 9, Why is God seen as a person? KINDS OF ATTRIBUTES OF Gop Attributes that are accorded to Gad are of two kinds. These are: 1. His physical attributes, 2. His moral attributes, 1. The physical at es of God These are the things that God does and we cannot Practise or imitate Him. Examples of God's physical attributes are: A) His omnipotence —This means God is all powerful. 8) His omnipresence —This means God is everywhere. ‘) His immanence —This means God is always with us and without Him nothing is made possible. D) His transcendence —This means God's eternal peace overrides all worries. E) His eternal nature —This means God exists now and forever. F) His immortal nature —This means God never dies. G) His omniscience = This means Ged knows everything and has all the wisdom in the world) H) His divinity - This means God is holy, These are the things that God does and we can practise or imitate Him. Examples of God's moral attributes are: A) His honesty, truthfulness and faithfulness —This means God is truthful and reliable. 8) His merey —This means God shows kindness when we sin, He is considerate, C) His love —This means God attends to our needs and feels bad When we are in trouble. D) His justice This means God is fair and not partial. E) His generosity —This means God easily gives a help,ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES A) Determine whether the attribute is moral or physical about God, 6. 1. Kindness Everywhere 2. Super power 7. Mercy ' 3 Omnipotent 8. Immorta 4 Love 9. Wisdom 5. Trust 1 All powerful B) Give attribute displayed in the following statements? |. He can command the sea to disappear at once. 2. He created water and air free of charge for humans and other creatures. . He created both living and non-living things. . He feels sorry when humans are in difficult times. All other spirits are under Him and He commands them. He exists forever. He can reach every part of the world in one second. He hates lies and punish those who practise falsehood. 9. He already knows everything and nothing is hidden from Him. 10. He treats everybody equally wre 2NeKofi: This is wonderful! My question js, can God die as human beings die? Ama: Oh no Kofi, God is immortal; He exists forever. Kofi: Ama, | think break time is over. Let's go to the class. Ama. Sure! Kofi, let's go. o rum alse) elo) a hdl ae alae wel eel le). |) Attributes of Allah in Islam: i. Rabb (Lord, Sustainer). Al-Rahman (The Most Merciful) Al-Rahim (The Most Compassionate) Malik Yaum al-Din (Master of the Day of Judgement) vy. Al-Qadeem (The Eternal) i, Al-Aziz (The Mighty One) Al-Fattah (The Revealer) iii. Al-Fattah (The Revealer) Al-Majid (The Glorious) x. Al-Malik (The Sovereign God) xi, Al-Rabiq (The Watchful) Attributes of Go i. His eternal nature (Exist now and forever). ii, His omnipotence (All powerful / Almighty). iii, His omnipresence (Everywhere).viii. xiii, . Eloheenu (Qur God). ix. Tsidekeenu (Our Righteousness). i niscience (All knowing or source of wisdom). ; a panei (His eternal peace overrides all sores); His immanence (Without God nothing is made possil le). His faithfulness (Keeps His word). His kindness (Gives freely and cheerfully). Immortal (Never dies). El-Shaddai (all sufficient). Jehovah Jireh (God, the provider). Rohi (The Shepherd). Adonai (Sovereign Lord). Shalom (Our Peace). Sabaoth (The Lord of Host). Elyon (The Most High Lord). Hoseenu (Our Maker). Shammah (The Lord is present). i, Elohim (Our Eternal Creator), i, Ropheka (Our Healer), . Jehovah Nissi (The Lord, Qur Banner), , Eloheeka (Thy God), » Jehovah Mekaddisheem (The Lord who satisfies). - God is sustainer of life (He causes rains to fall on our ‘crops to produce food).Attributes of God in Indigenous Religion: AKAN Onyankropan ~- (The only One Great God/The Supreme Being). Onyankopan - (The great reliable friend). Otumfoo - (All powerful/Almighty God). iv. Onim ade nyinaa - (All knowing God). v. Tetekwaframoa - (Eternal/Everlasting God). vi. Osahene/Osabarima — (Great warrior). vii. Okokroke - (Great One). viii. Twereduapsn — (Dependable God). ix. Oboade - (The Creator). Xx, Totrobonsu - (The Creator of waters). xi. Osagyefo - (The Saviour). xii. Amowia - (Giver of sunlight). EWES ~ Nusékatata - (Omnipotent). Afisiafi nola - (Omnipresent). |. Nuwokatanyala - (Omniscient). iv. Mawu si fo nuwoo kata ta - (Transcendent) Xaseta - (Faithful). i, Domenyota - (God of kindness). ii. Nuwo kata Nala - (Jehovah Jereh / Jehovah, the provider). . Kplola - (The shepherd). Mawunyo (Good God).xi. Mawu Kitikata (God is the source of life). Elolo (God is great) Etriakor (God is Mighty) iii. Miafe Dzadzaenyenye (Our Righteousness ) i. Dela (Saviour / Redeemer) xvii. Mia Mawu (Our God) GA vi. vi, wii, viii. xi. xii, xiii. xiv. Ataa Naa Nyongmo - (Supreme Being/God) Hewale tse ni fefee - All powerful Naa nyanmoa yehefeche - Everywhere. Nofeenalela - All knowing Emlihile - His kindness. Egboo - Never Dies. Nysqm> Wohals - God the provider. Wokwela - The shepherd. Woatoei mli jale - Our peace, ‘Wobals le - Our maker. Okplejen - The most high Lord. Wo ejrofeels - Our righteousness. Naanyanma yebie. The Lordis present. Wotsals - Our healer. Nyanm2 wonshala - The lord our banner. Wala Yibaal - Sustainer of life.1.1.2 WAYS OF DEMONSTRATING MORAL ATTRIBUTES OF GOD We have learnt about the moral attributes of God in the previous lesson. ‘How do you demonstrates the moral attributes of God? Do you treat others with kindness or you speak rudely te them? How de you respond to others when they need your help? Are you honest or truthful to report an incident that happened in your school or home? Were you able to tell the truth of something you didn't do well or lied about? The examples given above are some of the ways we demonstrate moral attributes of God, Let us study in detail the ways to demonstrate the moral attributes of God. i. Kindness: We must be kind to people who hurt us. We must not be too hash or rude to them just because of what they have done to us.. ii, Honesty: We must be honest or decent in everything we [Link] we tell someone to expect our visit by-1:00 p.m., Wwe must not fail our time. ili, Love: We must love all persons without discrimination. When you have biscuit for your friends, make sure each one gets equal portion. iv. Mercy and compassion: We must show mercy and compassion to people who need our [Link] must help a blind person to cross a road. y. Truthfulness or faithfulness: We must call a spade a spade. We must not lie to others. We must speak the truth all the time. vi. Patience: We must not be quick to judge [Link] must also wait until our turn is reached. vii, Tolerance: We must accept different opinions when we work in group or engage in a debate. viii, Righteousness: We must hate sin. We must not steal, deceive, disrespect, abuse, bully, etc. ix. Humility: We must be ready to serve people. Xx. Trustworthy: We must be trusted. People should be able to confide in us. —€ i {j=1.1.3 SIMILARITIES OF GOD'S ATTRIBUTIES IN THE THREE RELIGIONS In our previous lessons, we learnt that each of the three major religions identifies God with various atcributes. In what ways do the three major religions share common attributes for God. Do all the three major religions accept that God is everlasting? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is all powerful? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is omnipotent? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is sustainer? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is omnipresent? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is omniscient? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is transcendent? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is immanent? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is faithful? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is the creator of the universe? In what way does each religion express this? Do all the three major religions accept that God is mighty? In what way does each religion express this? Let's look at examples of how the three major religions express same or similar attributes to God at the next page. —_—_ «aoActribuce | Christianity Islam Indigenous Religion Everlasting | The beginning and end. | Al-Awwalu wal Tetekwaframoa (Akan). Avkhirun, Meaning - The ancient of days ‘Omnipotent | El-Shaddai — Azza wa jalla Mawu (Ewe). Meaning - God Meaning - Almighty | Oeumfo (Akan). Almighty) God) Meaning - Almighty Sustainer | Johovah-jereh ‘Ab-Razak ‘Amosu / Tetrobonsut God the provider Meaning — The (Akan) provider Meaning - Giver of rain Amowia (Akan) Meaning - Giver of sunlight STRAND TWO RELIGIOUS PRACTICES —_— 16 —SUB-STRAND ONE WORSHIP INDICATORS 1. Identify the types of worship in the three major religions. 2. Describe the modes of worship in the three major religions. 3. Identify and explain the moral lessons from worship. i. Explain the significance of prayer.2.1.1 TYPES OF WORSHIP What are the three main religious traditions in Ghana? Which deity does each religion express its faith in? How do they express their faith? . , What brings members of each religious tradition together? Where do members of each religious tradition meet? Whar is the name of the places where they meet? re The three main religious traditions in Ghana are: Christian religion, Islamic religion and Traditional religion. Members of Christian religion are called Christians. Members of Islamic religion are called Muslims. Members of Indigenous religion are called indigenes. Each religion expresses its faith in a particular deiey. Christicns express their faith in the Supreme God. Muslims express their faith in Allah or God. African indigenes express their faith in the Supreme Being, the lesser gods and the ancestors. Christians meer at the chapel or church to worship their deity. Muslims meet at the mosque to worship their deity, —_ gg —African indigenes meet at the shrine, si ‘i i sacred grat worship their deity. grounds or on special occasion to Members of each religious tradition express their faith in their deity through worship. Worship is the act of showing devotion, reverence and adoration for one's deity. It is the wieates by which religious rites and ceremonies are performed in order to revere ‘one's deity such as Supreme God or Allah, ancestors, lesser gods, etc. Worship can be done by one person or a group of persons. It may be observed in a formal way or informal way In a formal worship, certain steps or procedures are strictly followed and also ted by a leader. In an informal worship, no laid down procedures are strictly followed, ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES 1, Worship that does not follow any procedure is called... 2. Worship that follows procedure is called... 3. What type worship is offered during Odwira or Kundum festival? 4. The deity of Islamic worship is called... 5. Which of the deities do indigenous worshippers revere most? 6 The worship place of Christians is called... 7. The deity of Christian worship is called. 8. 9, Which deity do Muslims and Christians revere most? Apart fram shrine, mention two other places of worship of indigenous religion. 10. How do you call members of Indigenous religion? Let us study the types of worship of each religious group or tradition at the next page.ON WORSHIP INTHE Peretti) es, The Christians observe different types A The types of worship in the Christian relig 1, Liturgical worship : 2, Non-liturgical worship 3. Private worship. 1. LITURGICAL WORSHIP. Liturgical worship is a church service that follows a set pattern of prayers and readings, usually found in a printed baok. ; , | | ; Examples of churches in Ghana that follow liturgical worship or doctrine are: 1. The Methodist Church Ghana Presbyterian Chureh of Ghana rouped under: Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Ghana The Salvation Army African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church ‘Christian Methodist Episcopal Church The Roman Catholic Church Accra Ridge Church Anglican Church a FEATURES OF LITURGIC, Worship in AL WORSHIP liturgical churches is very formal, turgies or Procedur: es, they sing most of the time. ith electroni ‘ time, Local choruses y) during offertory hen it come: 5 tO congregati WO People pra ‘ational prayer, only th * 1e + Prayer time is ef leader or Sometimes one or ten con: ith d's Prayer by the whole Soncluded with the Lord's ayer by hol “= 20 ee,jie iiatinie recite creeds like the Apostle's creed during forenoon worship. Mona ee and recesses with selected hymns, while the congregation The main message or the sermon is preached by the leader. Liturgical Worship. NON.-LITURGICAL WORSHIP. Non-liturgical worship is o church service that does not follow a set pattern of prayers and readings printed in a book. It is a spirit-filled type of worship. It emphasizes the work of the Holy Spirit, spiritual gifts, speaking in tongues and modern-day miracles. This type of worship is also called Pentecostal worship and Charismatic worship. Worship is a full body participatory with God. Examples of non-liturgical churches in Ghana are: 1. Bethel Prayer Ministry 2. New Faich Baptist Church 3. Global Evangelical Church —— 2}FEATURES OF NON-LITURG! vi. vii, viii, 1. Glorious Revival Church 5. ChristApostolic Church— Int. 6, Victory Bible Church Int. 7, CalvaryApostolic Revival Church 8, Christ Church of Faith 9. TheAssemblies of Gad 10. TheApostolic Church-Ghana 11. The Church of Pentecost 12. House of Prayer Chapel 13. Open Bible Church 14, Deeper Christian Life Ministry 15. Fountain of Life Mission CALWORSHIP. is type of worship is vibrant and fut} Of lively music They more often make Use of Western instruments such as the tlectronic orga guitars, [Link] The worship is ecstatic (i.e intense delight), ‘ OWI by ‘arous body movement Ondintense Feligious emotions, Whenit comes to Prayer times the whole Congregation Pays, some of them speak intongues, Siwolved Everybod Y ObOut wh, 4 People f reely give testimon, at God h done then, ey also listen to Sermon by the Preacher - - ‘SFtory is taken ‘amidst Singing and dancin ree main com, RS of | 1) Praise GndWorshin SMP are 2 ‘aching 3) Giving or Offerto, TheHoly Ss z ‘i y Theol Spinto spec 22 thing hati "Hig athands jumping so °° PO tcipare a ten body worship, 7 pa [Link], "9-daneing ying dou, - a a N. rolling, ete — oFxi. During Worship, attempt is made to please God rather man,hence one becomes obedient to God's command. There is an emphasis on connecting with God through worship. Equaltimeis given to worship and Bible study, xiv. Alotoftimeis devoted to prayer and one on one ministry. xv. They believe in baptism of the Holy Spirit, xvi. Members speak in tongues during prayers. xvii. Thereis divine healing for the sick. xviii, Place of worship may be chapel (church), auditorium, open places, etc. ss Non-liturgical worship. Tell whether the statement refers to liturgical worship or non-liturgical worship. / 1. | attend Catholic Church. Please tell me the kind of worship we offer, 2. l attend Christ Apostolic Church, Please tell me the kind of worship we offer. ; 3. We don't believe in miracles during our worship. 4. We believe in the baptism of the Holy Spirit, 5. Hymns are what we mostly use during singing time. — 230 =§. We speak in congues and invoke the Holy Spir ts were chu 7. Choir procession and recession are not practise 8, My head priest is called Father Desmond, 9, We can cast out demons and heal various diseases. 40, My head priest is called Apostle John Paul. PW ah aie aa ceiesel lie — seail Private worship is a worship that involves an individual person, friends or members family who spend time with God in the home or any private place. FEATURES OF PRIVATE WORSHIP . ltcan be one person or few persons. _ Worship dwells on prayer, meditation and singing. . Offertory is absent. No musical instrument is required or needed. Bible study may be done. . Itcan be done at any time in the day or night. . No preaching or sermon is done, only prayer, meditation, Bible study and singing. Place of worship can be home or other private place. 8. Private worship can be liturgical or non-liturgical. QuMrYeps ~Private worship in Christian Religion. TIMES OF WORSHIP IN CHRISTIAN RELIGION: In Christian community, worship can take place at any time. However, formal congregational worship takes place either on Saturday or Sunday, ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES Provide TRUE or FALSE answers only. 1, Private worship can last for hours. 2. Communal worship is a private worship. 3. Nomusic instrumentis required in private prayer. 4. Family children benefit from Bible teaching in private worship. 5. Onecan pray silently during private worship. 6. Private worship is for liturgical worshippers. 7. Private worship is for non-liturgical worshippers. 8. Offertory is done in liturgical worship. 9, Only during the night worship is powerfulin private worship. [Link] is absent in private worship.MoT E Meese) means obedience, submission an ich In Islam, wor translated as ibadah whic! n Islam, devotion to Allah. — Muslims aim to live a life of complete submission ‘aches Hawn Worship involves all the internal and external sayings an 7 ‘ors! i ih and also seek Hi purpose or intention is to glorify, adore, praise and revere Alla is blessing. Worship is done in obedience toAllah's will. Worship is included in the Five Pillars of Islam, especially that of Salat. There can be individual worship and congregational worship. TIMES OF WORSHIP IN ISLAM: Worship can take place anytime, exci ept when the sun is rising, when sun is right up (zenith) and when the sun is settin ig. Congregational prayer is offered on Fridays and this is calk Islam instructs that Muslims must obse: Prayer, led Jumah worship. rve Salat five times a day, Salat means FEATURES OF ISLAM +, Kecon be private worshi RSHEE - Wership dus I 'P &r congregational wors i Friday or luna ahovesience,submission and di Me muah is wher e Muslis levotion toAlllah. fer, IMs obsey orgPlaceofZuhe ST e9ANAl worship cnoaaetang isdone in Ista isdoneto begin t! Mic Worship. he worship, OR ees7. Ablution (ritual cleansing) is done before a Mustim qualifies for worship. 8, Tasbih is used to support recitation rituals. 9. Salatis the main pillar for worship, in which Muslims observe worship five times daily. 10. Adhan (call to prayer or worship) is done by Muezin to draw attention of Muslims to prepare for worship. 11. Place of worship may be home ormosque. Private worship.Pete Ghat Lun Lh 1. Ibadet is Islamic word which means. .. : 2. Whot makes worship in Islam a total obedience and submission to Allah? Who calls Muslims to worship? «In Islam, congregational prayer is done on which day? 5. Where do Muslims observe congregational worship? & Whot must a Muslim do to sanctify himself before worship? $% How many times musta Muslim worship during the day? 10. What kind of worship opens the days? Which worship is done during noon day? imah worship is observed in place of. ve last Worship during the days... skits) 7 TST ela ee eral an indigenous society, worship involves long standing rituals and traditional songs. Worship is generally directed to the lesser gods and ancestors, The indigenous worshipers regard the Supreme Being as being too big to be approached vman beings. They held the belief that it is only the lesser gods that relay their Prayers to the Almighty Gad. Therefore, the lesser 90ds serve as the mediators between the Aimighty Ged and the worshippers. The wor ship takes the form of libation, singing, and sacrifice drumming, dancing, invocation, offering The worshi He *hip ts done by utterances and not meditative, There ¢ On pt i indi: ‘here ct oe privete Worship where an individual or family members adore and rever® Sees (gods and ancestors) and seek their blessing, Again, there ¢ ational wors| here onverg where can be congreg e Ngregational hip where the indigenous worshipers ¢ 5h 0 eyat the shrine or sacred places to offer worship to their deity. Congregational worship is led by an traditional Priest or priestess. The indigenous priest feels highly spirited and performs rituals and tells the wishes of the deity to the worshippers. Drums, castanet, whistle and bells are what they use for Worship. Fear of the evil spirits motivates the indigenous worshippers to observe worship for protection and seek blessing. Congregational worship takes place on sacred days, special occasions and in times of need or crises (emergency situations). FEATURES OF INDIGENOUSWORSHIP 1, Congregational worship is done in shrines, at sacred places and on special occasions, 2. Lesser gods and ancestors are revered or honoured more than the Almighty God. Libation, rituals and sacrifices form the central part of worship. Traditional musical instruments like drums, castanet, whistle and bells are used for worship. 5. Utterances are used in worship with no meditations. 6. Spirit possession. The indigenous priest is possessed by a deity. The spirit speaks through the priest. TIMES OF WORSHIP INTHE INDIGENOUS RELIGION For individual and family members,worship takes place at any time. Congregational worship takes place on sacred days, special occasions and in times of crises. Examples of sacred days are: Akwasidae, Wukudae — days when no work must be done, for example farming or fishing. Examples of special occasions are: festivals ~ Hogbetsotso, Homawo, Akwanbo, Kundum, ete. : rePrivate worship ~ tibation Family worship — libation. 5 ACTIVITY AND RESPONSE: 1. Inthe Indigenous religion, worship is done in the form of... 2. Which deity do indigenous worshippers revere most? 3. Mention two occasions during which worship is observed by indigenous worshippers. 4. Mention three instruments used during indigenous worship 5. What form or mode does libation take during worship? 6. Mention one sacred day worship is observed. 7. Mention one purpose for private indigenous worship. 8 In indigenous society,people who die naturally in their old age without sickness or. accident are called...) 2.1.2 MODES OF WORSHIP Whatis worship? | | Hou is worship performed in your religion? The three religious traditions have different modes of worship. Mode of worship is' approach, ways and manner the wors hip is done in each religion. . ‘ ic oF | it |, Praising God in music ; speech, readings from the scripture, Prayers of various sorts, prostration (kneeling owing), listen to Setmon,offertory, Eucharist , baptism, confirmation and benedict” ‘The personal Worshi i u p take the form of silent or meditation | ®YES, prostration, Putting the hands together, clapping, fing id prayers, closing oft The purpose of, Worship is to glorify, honour, Praise, exal raising the hands, etc. lt and please God. — 32 —_SS Last Ritte ee ee Ren eet ha 1. Meditation: Christians reflect deeply in mind concerning the greatness of God and His relationship with man. 2, Bible reading: Selected verses of the scripture are read and used for sermon. 3. Prayer: Prayer is loud. Christians are guided to pray over selected prayer topics such as intercession, confession, petition, exaltation, thanksgiving, spiritual growth and faith. During prayer, worshipers may clap, put hands together, raise their hands,close the eyes, prostrate, etc. 4. Singing,drumming and dancing: There can be hymns or vibrant (lively) music and dance performed to praise God, 5. Sermon: The congregation listens to sermons delivered by the pastor. 6. Eucharist (communion): Thisis the rite, ceremony or sacrament that commemorates (remembers) the Last Supper,in which bread and wine are consecrated or sanctified (blessed) and eaten by the church. 7. Offertory: Offertory is the collection money done in the midst of singing and dancing. 8. Baptism: Baptism is the rite, ceremony or sacrament thatis performed ona new member to admit him into the church. |t may be performed by sprinkling or pouring water on the head,or by immersing the person in water partially or completely. 9. Confirmation: Confirmation is the rite,ceremony or sacrament performed on a new member after baptismal rite. Confirmation means accepting responsibility for your faith and destiny. , [Link]:Prayer for God's blessing is said by the Pastor to end the worship. Pert ands xlscivel Rim Tell the mode of worship demonstrated in the statements below, 1. Members offer part ofblessings God has done for them. 2. The priest picks bread and wine, bless over them and share tomembers.ch he chure jntraduced to # f church. re 2 Then responsibil to ence ol L, The head priest prec ches the were ee an member; be hd here the kingdom of God. ‘ Pre head the last prayer and blesses the churc! a By Ne demented’ their as to God for His intervention. Members sing lively and dance happily to praise God. Members are silent and engage in deep reflection of life and what God can do for them. MODE OF WORSHIP INTHEISLAMIC RELIGION Worship in Islam can be personal or congregational. ba om Befére worship, whether personal or congregational, Muslim miust first Grew J nal or , perform wy or ablution (partiat body: cleansing}: However, a Muslim observes ghust (whole bo cleansing}instead of wududurapg Jé'muah worship. Congrédiional woth fie Sac tmostue Riese, or pletvattlmoage aeneten ee themosque. Private or individual worship to} Ateach orshiptime jhemuezzin calls the people to prepare for orshi iy " Congreggtional vorship is he led by Imam - the eg ne Quran Worship in Islam takes the form of: Saying of niyyah (intention of Worship) Performing wud leansing) / °Y Cblution (partial b Put ave recitation spe (bowing and) iON OF reaching Glorificat odoga on tOAllah ody cleansing) or ghustl (whole beidy kneeling), ene re i jah Sertory 3h , Man chosen for his knowledge of t1, Saying of niyyah (intention of worship) Niyyah is the words of intention said by a Muslim before he performs wudu. Before a Muslim performs his wudu,he declares the intention that, the act or wudu being performed is for the purpose of worship and purity,The intention could be in the mind or spoken out aloud, 2. Performing of wudu (ablution) or ghusl (whole body cleansing). Wudu is the procedure for cleansing parts of the body, It involves washing the hands, mouth, nostrils, arms, head and feet with water. A Muslim can perform tayammum (using sand or dust) where there is little or no water. Wudu cleanses a Muslim from impurity and makes him eligible or fit fer seeking nearness to Allah. 3. Qu'ranic recitation. Muslims recite a number of quotations or verses from the Qur'an in the process of worship. For example, they start prayer by saying “Allah-u Akbar” meaning — Allah is the Greatest. They also recite Bismillah hir-Rahma nir-Raheem, meaning “In the name of Allah,the most Kind and the most Merciful” after every rakah or unit of prayer recited. 4, Prostrations/Genuflections Muslims bow, sit, kneel or stand according the rakah or unit being recited from the Qur'an, 5. Meditation . This is where Muslims pause recitation and engage in silence posture to reflect their minds on the greatness of Allah and also ponder on the lessons on the rakah or unit of prayer just recited. 6. Sermon/ Preaching ; Muslims listen to preaching during Jumah worship. 1. Glorification to Allah | , Muslims glorify Allah throughout their worship session. 8, Sadaqah This is the voluntary charity offered by the well-to-do Muslims to the needy and the Poor ones during worship. People contribute freely to help the needy and the poor ‘among them. 359, Offertory Bowl or sac is sent round for mem ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES In Islam, every worship precedes with... Inthe absence of wudu, Muslim can perform... Why is wudu very important in Iskam? Which part of worship allows Muslim to show goodness to the needy? ‘Which part of worship allows Muslims to engage in silence posture to reflect their minds on the greatness of Allah and verses just recited, 6 The worship mode where Muslims rise, kneel or bow is known as... 7. Statement intentionally said before wudu is known in Islam as... 8. 9. bers to give their offertory. Fest # Mention any five mades of worship in Islam. Cleansing only some parts of the body to make oneself ready for worship is known in Islam as... 10. Cleansing the whole body to make oneself ready for worship is known in Islamas. Wadu is an Arabic word which means ablution or the way a Muslim cleanses some par an pod from impurity and makes himself or herself eligible or fit for seeking nearne toAllah. Wadu is observed before every Salat. Before a Muslim observes Salat, it is important for him to cleanse himself. ind clean water, Tess ie clean water or clean dust or sand where water isnot available. The than ealSt OF sandis done by string his palms on anything that is dusty and then pass* m over his face and [Link] Process is called Tayammum, ii, Make niyyah (intenti . AMuslin declares cre enttom) €9 Perform washing, Gres the intention that, the act or wudu being performed is for the purP™ —=—€ 4 —of worship and purity. The intention could be in mind or spoken out aloud. He begins with Allah's name “Bismillahi Rahmani Al-Raheem.” meaning “in the name of Allah, the most gracious, most merciful.” iii, Washing of palm to the wrist. The Muslim washes his two palms upto the wrist three times. The right hand is washed before the left, iv, Cleansing the mouth. He puts some water in the mouth and uses a finger to massage and then spits the water away. This is dane two. times. Water is putinto the mouth the third time with only the tongue being used to massage the inner mouth fora while and spit the water out. v. Cleansing the nostrils. He cleanses the nostrils three times. This is to remove all dirt inthe nostrils. vi. Washing the face. He washes his face three times with both hands from the top of the fore head to the bottom of the chin and from ear to ear.vii. Washing the right arm. ; He washes the right arm to the elbow three times. vi Washing the left arm. He washes the left arm to the elbow three times, ix, Washing the head. He puts some water in the Palm and sprinkles it over his heads and runs the palm over from the front, down to the neck and from the neck to the front. x. Cleaning the ears. He wipes the inner sides of the ears wi ith fore- fingers ‘and then applies both thumbs outside axi. Washing the right leg. He washes the right leg beginning with the toes through the ankle three times; making sure the water touches every part of itto make sure itis clean. xii. Washing the left leg. He washes the left leg beginning with the toes through the ankle three times; making sure the water touches every part of it to make sure itis. clean. After all these, a Muslim is ready to join the congregational Salat or perform apersanal Salat. ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES 1, Arrange in order how ablution is done, 4) Washing the face f) Washing of palm to the wrist b) Washing the left leg g) Washing the right arm c) Washing theteftarm —_h) Washing the head d) Cleansing themouth —_i) Cleaning the ears e) Cleansing thenostrils _j) Washing therightleg oes udu purify the person from uncleanliness? Why do you think so? ii, Does wudu make the Muslims psychologically, spiritually and physically ready for worship?Why do you think so? iii. Isit performed to indicate that Allah is holy? Why do you think so? iv. Isit performed to subdue the mindset to appear respectful, humble and loyal beforeAllah? Why do you think so? ¥. Does wudu soothes or calms fury, eliminates anger and calms the spirit? Why do you think so? vi. Does wudu purify and clean a Muslim from both material and spiritual impurities? —_—i9379ink so? vii, Does wudu bring about good health? Why do you thin! MANS la ee CONDITIONS THAT MAKEWUDU NULLIFIED ORIN The following conditions can make a Muslim's wudu unaccapted: Bodily excretion. Passing urine, faeces, gas, semen,e! ji Ka Blood, pus or yellow fluid that flows out from any part oi ate Slt : Deep sleep thatmakes a person co! mpletely unaware of his surroui igs. Loss of consciousness. Touching the sexual organ with the bare hand. Mouth bleeding [Link] or gum, of equal or greater amount than the secreted saliva, 7. Fainting. 8, Mouthful vomiting, 9. lfaperson who has made tayammum sees water, . When the time fora Prayer ends, wudu of an execu: + Getting drunk by taking alcohol or drugs nullifies - Wrongly following procedure for wudu, Qurupym his wudu is rendered unaccepti sed person is invalidated. wudu. “ACTIVITY AND i=) Te) ao Say YES or No to indicate whether the action qualifies ‘perfect wudu, Coughing while Performing wudu, c Meditating during wudu, . Bleeding froma cutonthe toe, Performing wudu after Prayer (salat) time, the right arm before thy BW O@narens = z= 5 8WHAT IS GHUSL OR BATH? Ghusl is washing the entire body with water: It is a total bath of the body due to circumstances that forbid one to perform wudu, WHAT ISTHE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN Cede Ae lee ies Ghus| is to wash the whole body (water touches the whale body). Wudu is to wash only some parts of the body:hands,face,head and feetina certain order. WHAT CONDITIONS COMFELA MUSLIMTO PERFORMA COMPLETE ABLUTION(GHUSL or BATH)? Letus study the conditions below: 1, After having a sexual intercourse. 2. After wet dreams; or night discharge. 3. After menstruation period of women. 4. Atthe end of the confinement period of nursing women,which is estimated ata maximum of forty days. Thatis,at the end of their post-childbirth bleeding. 5. Death—the deceased person mustbe washed, except for those who fallin battle (jihad), who are not to be washed. 6. After having lost consciousness. 7. Upon washing a corpse. 8. When a disbeliever converts to Islam. 1. Before going to Ju'muah congregational prayer (Friday Prayer), 2. Before going to Eid prayers (Muslim annual feast prayers). 3. Before undertaking Umrah or Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecea). 4. Upon washing a corpse. 5. When adisbeliever converts to Islam. Neon GAN Ui oN Tell which of the following situations a Muslim performs ghusl. Passing out gas during wudu. Having sexual intercourse. Fs3. Becoming drunk. 4, Adead person ina war. 5. During Eid festivals. 6. After menstruation period of women, 7. Loss of consciousness. 8. Nightdischarges, 98, Blood from body cut. 10. Jumuah prayer. WHATIS TAYAMMUM? Tayammum means dry ablution. It also refers to “aiming for or seeking soil” to ui ‘one's face and hands with the intention of purifying and preparing oneselffor prayer. performed in place of wudu when water cannot be found, or where there is water oy enough for drinking, or if water is injurious to health, In such circumstances one « perform Tayammum (dry ablution). SPECIFIC INSTANCES THAT TAYAMMUMIS PERMITTED 1. Where the person cannot find water or the amount of water is not sufficient for wudu. 2. When a personis injured or ill and believes that the use of water will worsen his/her condition, 3. When water is too cold such that itmay harm the person, Tayammum is allowed ifthe user cannot find means of heating the water. &, When water is nearby, butthe person is not able to fetch it due to fear for his/her life,family and wealth, ([Link] an enemy either beast or human inthe vieinity) 5. When there is not enough water and one is forced to save what is available for drinking and/or cooking. Sand or dust,stone or gypsum which produces dust when hit With the hands. HOWTO PERFORM TAYAMMUM - Find aclean sand or dust, Make niyyah () intension) in the heart to Perform Tayammum. Recite the Bismillah (Inthe Name of Allah). Place the palms on the surface of the sand, eae — 2 —w Lifethe palms and hie them together to blow off the sand. Wipe the face using both palms, couching the right car to the left carand top of the forehead to the chin (once). Rub both palms to finish it. After that. a Muslim proceeds todo the salat. Even ER eet tel shy.) Tayammum is the same as... Inwhat three situations is Tayammum necessary? ‘What happens when water is found after Tayammum? What kind of materials are used to perform Tayammum? ‘Why should a traveler be compelled to perform Toyammum when itis prayer time? WHATIS SALAT. Salat is the obligatory Muslim prayer. Itis performed five times each day by Muslims. itis the second Pillar of Islam. Muslims carrying aut these prayers will perform a whole series of set movements that go with the words of the prayer: The five daily prayer cre: Fajr, Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha. Salat can be said individually or in congregation. Itis said after]a Muslim has performed an ablution. Acongregational salat is announced byAzan (acall co prayer) , Every form of salat is begun with Sura al-Fatiha (the first chapter of Qur'an.) on 4 ca Pe Ree ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF SURAHAL-FATIHA InthenameofAllah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful: All Praise is due toAllah, Lord of the Universe The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Ouner of the Day of Judgment. You alone do we worship,and Yo! Guide us to the straight path; u alone we turn to for help.The pat Yc Vv owed your grace, not (the way) of he path of those on whom You have best your g , ( y) o| those, hol have earned Your anger, nor of those who went astray. ESALAT PROCESS GOESTHROUGH: 1. Recitations 2. Meditations 3. Glorifications 4. Preaching on Friday's Prayers, etc. ACALLTOSALAT Acall to Salat comes after ablution, Before congregational Salat is started, there mus call to prayer, which is called Azan or Adhan. The person who calls the Aza called a Muezzin. Muezzin faces the Ka'bah (a great and holy mosque in Mecca) whic inthe east. He calls out loudly the words of Azan with both hands raised to his ears, After the call to. prayer an gin, the Muezzin usually calls out the Iqamah (the fi lat). By this time, the members ready,standing Straight,facing towards the Ka'bah, and also behind the Iman. Every type of Salat begins wi th Sura al-Fatiha (the first chapter of the Holy Qur'an) 'd when Salat is about to be Cometo Prayer! nemecsths messenger of God, ‘OMe to prayer! Come to, Success! “OME LO succesg! Od is great! od Is great! ere isnone Worthy of Worship excepe God. =" Ly em,ACTIVITY AND RESPONS| PoP ao Whatis azan? Who performs azan? Why is azan important? What is salat? Mention the time each salat below is performed: Isha. Asr, Maghrib, Fajr. Zuhr. Every form of salat begins with what? The first set of prayer said by Muezzinis called...Lake} ae NOM titel) Muslims have individual or private prayer and mass or congregational prayer, They observe ablution or ghusl before Salat. « They stand ona prayer mator animal skin. iv. They stand in rows ifitis congregational prayer. v. They face the direction of K'abah which situates at east of Mecca. vi. Salacis ted by Imam. vii. AlTakbir (Glorification) Muslims raise bath hands to the level of their ears and say “AllahuAkbar" (God is the Greatest). viii. Al Qiyam (Standing position). The arms are folded on the chest or navel with the right hand over the left, and recite Sura al-Fatiha from the 1st chapter of Qur'an ix. AlTakbir (Glorification). They raise their hands to the ears again and recite“Allahu Akbar". x. Al Rukuh (Bowing). They put their hands on their knees and bend dawn saying "Glory be to my lord,the Greatest 'Subhana Rabbi'- yaladhim! (Say at least three times.)xi. Brief Qiyam (Brief Standing), They briefly stand upright and at ease and recite “Allgh listens to whoever thanks [Link] Lord, thanks be to thee, alone belong to all kinds of perfect praise.” AlSajda (First prostration). They make first prostration with their forehead and hands touching the ground. They recite three times”Glorified ismy Lord. xiii, ALQa'dah (Long sitting). They knees with their eyes fixed upon the thighs, thehands are also placed on the thighs and relax the figures, while reciting “supplication of witness", “AlTahiyyah” “Allahumma Salle”, “Allahumma Barik” and "Rabb! ana” «back longer on their xiv. Al Sajdah (second prostration) They make second prostration with their forehead and hands touching the ground, They recite “Allahu Akbar" and again recite three time Subhana Rabbi yal- a’ la.”xviii, i. Taslim/ Salam -(Peace to the AlJilsa (Brief or short sitting). They sit back briefly on their knees with their eyes fixed upon the thighs, the hands are also placed on the thighs and relax the figures while reciting “AllahuAkbar.” Tashahhud- (Blessing). While still sitting on their knees, they hold their palms up to the chin level and speak toAllah in their own words and with the words from the Qur'an. They also ask for the forgiveness of sins. They ask God to bless them ‘and their children until the Day of Judgement. rightand left), They turn their heads right and left and declare “Peace be unto you. (Assalamo Alaikum wa Rahmatullah) They wipe their hands over their face to show that they have received Allah's blessings.AC ITY AND RESPONSES Arrange the salat procedure in order. 4. Al Sajda (First prostration) 6. Tastim / Salam 2. Al Qiyam (Standing position) 7. Brief Qiyam (Brief Standing) 3. Al Takbir (Glerification) 8. Al Takbir (Glorification) 4, Al Qa'dah (Long sitting) 9. Al Jilsa (Brief or short sitting). 5. Tashahhud- (Blessing) 10. Al Sajdah (second prostration) THINGS THAT MAKE SALAT UNACCEPATABLE (also called MUFSIDS) There are some things that can make one's salat unacceptable and nullified. Let us study some of these unacceptable things. 1. Totalk,even one word during salat nullifies it. Without a good excuse, coughing through the throat nullifies salat, To say prayers in salat that do not existin ayots (verses) or hadiths nullifies salat. To moan or to say "wht" [Link] salat. To say,"What!" in order to express annoyance nullifies salat. . Crying for reasons such as a [Link] sorrow nullifies salat. . Tesay "Amin" for a prayer said by anyone except the imam nullifies salar. Extra movements that are not part of salat nullify salar. To stand and to make the sqjda (prostration) at an unclean place nullifies salac. Nou Fwy rf ee a=i read over an unclean Te ‘form salat on something which you have spread Place, fo perfor it Turning your chest away from the qiblah (direction of Kabah) without a Ieo4 Tur 2 excuse breaks salac immediately. is kei lly, her salat becomes nullified, jaman is kissed or held lustfully, ; i : f eee omits one rukn (obligatory prayer) and does not perform it during th lat, his salat becomes nullified. a . ih ifsaying the ayats melodiously changes the meaning, it nullifies salat,too, {5. Anincorrect recitation nullifies salat. ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES Tell whether the act is acceptable or unacceptable for sala. 1. Isaw Issah's back facing qiblah during salat. 2. Hesatona mat ready to perform the salat, 3. She whispered to her friend in the middle of salat. 4. lam too sure, but the way she recited the ayat was notin order. 5. Istarted the salat withAL-Qiyam. 6. Taslimends my salat. 7. Myknee injury was paining me during the Isha salat, 8. Ihadasudden cough during du ring Fajr salar. She said“Amin” after Imam last prayer. read their mat over an unelean place to observe the salat. WHAT MAKES SGV e vane There are some things that can make one’ Let us study some of these things. 1. irnforaiveness ~ Can unforgiving Person's salat be effective? © 0 not forgive others, our Heavenly Father will nor forgive us. 2 yu cn i are Can an unthanicful person's salat be effective? Give God 195 because in all trials, painful situations, He is always with us = SD eesUnbelief. Can a person who dogs not believe in Allah have an effective salat? Prayer with little or no belief will not produce result. Pray with confidence, believing Gad to do what He said He would do, Selfishness. Can a selfish person's prayer yield result? One must not think or pray for his needs alone, he must think and pray for others too. Failure to ask God to supply our needs, Do you ask for answer to your problem or talk about the problem? We never ask God what we want, rather talk or tell God about the problem we face. This will make prayer ineffective. Disobedience. Can a disobedient person's prayer be effective? Not obeying the commandments of God will let your prayer yield no resule. Praying alone. Not praying with others and agree in faith can make prayer ineffective. Disharmony in family or with others. Not being at peace with one another may hinder effective prayer. Idols. Not putting God first in our lives but-rather expressing faith in other lesser gods will render prayers ineffective. Forgetting the poor. Ignoring and not having compassion on others may hinder effective prayer. _ Lack of reconciliation, When we bear malice, hate, grudge, etc. with others our prayers will be ineffective. Not wanting to wait on God. We always want God to act quickly for us, but we find ourselves wanting in times of delay of answer from God. 13. Unconfessed sin. An unconfessed sin can be a hindrance to one's prayer:Can salat bring Muslims closer to Allah? How is this possible? + Can salat keep Muslims away from indecent activities? How is this POssible) ® Can salat be a ritual designed to control the evil desires and passions of + Muslims. How is this possible? Can salat purify the heart, develops the mind and comforts the soul. How j, + this possible? | * Can salac serve as a constant reminder of Allah and His greatness? How is + this possible? ; + Cansalat be a means of cleanliness, purity and punctuality? How is this . possible? + Can salat be a guide to the most upright ways of life? How is this possible? . Can salat promote discipline and empower Muslims spiritually. How is this + possible? ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES Tell whether the statement can cause effective salat or ineffective salat. 1. Eliasu denied me of his pen last Thursday when having science lesson. 1 know I will get him by all means. 2. | went and called Marie for Ju'muah salat. He always cautions me of my negative thoughts, for God will answer my prayer by all means. 4, He is one of the guys who insulted the head teacher. He does not respect all all. 5. The family called him about the stolen item. He told them the truth and ask them to forgive him. 6. The family is very rich, but hardly do they do charity work. 7. Even though rich, they respect everybody. 8. Awudu likes praying alone even when it a Ju'muah salat. 9. Fatimah disrespects people in town, but she is very obedient at home. 10. We met at the head teacher's office on the issue. | think now they are in talking terms. bad — 5 —THE FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM Islamic religion has put its way of life and worship into five main practices. The five main practices are also called five pillars of Islam. The five pillars are abligations that oe must satisfy to live a good and responsible life and to bring them closer to jah. Let us study the five pillars of Islam, 1. SHAHADA (CONFESSION OR DELARATION OF FAITH) Shahada is the first pillar of Islam. It is an Islamic creed that confesses or declares the faith of a Muslim. Every Muslim is obliged to declare or recite the shahada to affirm the greatness of Allah and His messenger, Prophet Mohammad, A Muslim declares and says “| bear witness that there is none worthy of worship, except Allah,and Mehammad is His messenger or Prophet to all human beings till the Day of Judgement.” WHAT ISTHE NEED TO OBSERVE SHAHADA? Let us investigate and study the need to observe the sawm every year. i. Isita way of expressing one’s faith in Allah and His messenger Prophet Mohammad? How is this possible? ii, Does it help one to avoid the practice of polytheism (worship of more than one deity) in Islam? Howis this possible? iii. Does it serve as a symbol of loyalty, obedience, submission and devotion toAllah? How is this possible? iv. Does it enable one to reaffirm his commitment in the Islamic religion? How is this possible? ACTIVITY AND RESPO 4. What statement is mentioned at the beginning of salat? 2. State four advantages of shahada. 2. SALAT (PRAYER) ; Salatis the obligatory Muslim prayers. ltis performed five times each day by Mustims. —€Iristhe second Pillar of Islam. Muslims carrying out these prayers will Perform, series of set that go with the words of the prayer. The five daily Prayers are: Fo), 5° ‘Asr, Maghrib and Isha. Salat can be said individually or in congregation. Itis saig g Muslim has performed an ablution. Every form of Salat is begun with Suratul Fathig, first chapter of Qur'an) WHAT ISTHE NEEDTO OBSERVESA Let us investigate and study the need to observe the sawm every year. 1. Does salat bring Muslims closer to Allah? How is this possible? . Does salat keep Muslims away from indecent activities? How is this possible? 3. Is salat a ritual designed to central the evil desires and passions of Muslims? How is this possible? 4. Does salat purify the heart, develop the mind and comfort the soul? How is this possible? 5. Does salat serve as a constant reminder of Allah and His greatness? How is this possible? 6. Is salat a means of cleanliness, purity and punctuality? How is this possible? 7. Cansalat be a guide to most upright ways of life? How is this possible? 8. Does salat promote discipline and empower Muslims spiritually? How is this possible? _ . ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES 4. State the five daily salat of Islam. & 2. State five advantages of salar. a 3. ZAKAT (ALMSGIVING OR CHARITY) tA * Zakat is on Arabic word which literally means purification or cleanSeedeeth™ pillar of Worship in Islam. Itis a welfare cantribution which is paid once everyyerr Zokat is done to give alms to the needy in the society It can also be used to build sch? mosques, hospitals, etc.ee NEEDTO OBSERVE ZAKAT Let us investigate and study the need to observe the sawm. every year. i, Does itserve as. a means to keep one's wealth clear of greed and selfishness? How do you know this? ii. Does it encourage ane ta be honest in his income and expenditure? How do you know this? iii. Doesitserve as a social security for the needy in the society ifit is practised well? How do you know this? iv. Does itdo away with a culture of envy and hatred, since the needy are catered for by the rich! How do you know this! vy. Does it check concentration of wealth in the few hands in the Islamic community? How do you know this? wi. Does the practice of paying Zakat encourage Muslims to give freely without thinking of it? How do you know this? vii. Does it provide the opportunity of sharing one’s excess wealth with those who are less privileged or fortunate? How do you know this? vill. Isitan act of worship and obedience? How do you know this? ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES 1. What is the purpose of zakat? 2. State five advantages ef zakat. 4, SAWM (FASTING) Sawmis the 4th pillar of worship in Islam, Itis a thirey day fasting observed by Muslims in the month of Ramadan (i.¢.the 9th month) During this month, Muslims abstain from food from dawn to sunset everyday and engage in devotional activities. Miia r Mees as sa eneek est iik de ada Letus investigate and study the need to observe the sawm every year. i. Does sawm develop the spirit and faith of Muslims? How do you know this? ii, Does sawm serve as an exercise that enables Muslims to endurehardship and adaptability How do you know this? —_ oo —i ek spirit Wii. Isivon exercise that weans the body from physical food to seek spiritual development? i iv. Does tenable the wealthy Muslims to taste and fee! thet planer tie Poort vy. _ Isita disciplined exercise that ensures steadfastness e ACTIVITY AND RESPONSES li ‘Why should Muslim abstain from food in the month of Ramadan? z State five advantages of sawm. 5. HAJJ (THE PILGRIMAGE TO MECCA) / Hajj is the Sth and the last pillar of worship in Istam. It is a holy journey made to Mecca every year. It takes place in the month of Zul-Hijjah (the 12th month). Itis believed that all Muslims must endeavour or try to visit Mecca for the hajj at least ‘once in their life time. Let us investigate and study the need to observe the hajj every year. i. Does hajj bring together Muslims from all walls of life te worship Allah, the only Creator? How do you know this? ii. Does hajj help distant Muslims to see Ka'bah physically instead of facing eastwards during salat? How do you know this? Does hajj have in it all the lessons of Salat, Zakat and Sawm? How do you know this? iv. Does hajj teach the Muslims to sacrifice much more of their money for the pleasure of Allah? How do you know this? Does hajj give an opportunity for a Muslim to visit the mosque that bears the name of the Prophet at where Prophet Mohammed was buried? How do you know this? Does hajj serve as Islam's act of supreme devotion? How do you know this? Do rituals of the hajj transform the Muslim's personality? Do the rituals chang® Muslim to become humble, loyal, devoted, kind, hospitable,etc.? How do you know this? ~~ ve vi. wii.Oa felts 9 1. What happens on the month of Zul. lor coramnuaninij? 2, State five odvarnages of fail WHAT ARE THE RITUALS PERFORMED DURING HAJ Muslirns go for Hajj for bl tate of dedication wal purity. A pilgrim must not odo: or engage in violent act, avoid sexual relations. Before put must wash himself, cut his nail ecorations he thram, the pilgrim and pubic hair, nave his moustach perfume himselfand wear sandals. Reciting the pilgrimage chant (Talbiyah)- After donning the ihram, the pilgrim performs tuo prostrations ond recites suo prayers. During the first prostration, he recites a chapter in Qur'an called '‘Unbelievers' after the opening chapter is said. During the second prostration, he recites the chapter in the Quran called “Devotion”. After this, he declares the form of pilgrimage he intends to make Circling the Ka’bah seven times-( Tawa}. The pilgrim goes round the Ka'bah seven times, starting each time by kissing, touching or pointing to the Hajar-al-Aswad (the Block Stone). In the process of Kissing, touching or pointing to the stone, the pilgrim recites “In the Name of God, and God is Supreme.” This Kiss or touch is in tradition with the Prophet Mohammed's lips that touched the Black Stone during his farewell Pilgrimage. The circuit is done in an anti-clockwise direction through the house in the left hand side. me 57i remaini ‘ The first 3 circuits are done with fast pace with short steps. The ing four Sing are done with slow pace. Melee lant tence Cols EETNTRT Trek nnn Nate Station of Abraham is the place where Ab Kabah was being [Link] the Tawaf rite, where he performs a two rakah prayer. In the first ° the Qur'an dubbed"“O you disbelievers.” In the second prostration, in Qur'an dubbed"Godis one.” iP raham used to go and observe Salat wy, the pilgrim moves to the Station of Abra prostration, he recites a chapter he recites the chaps UYSSUr Cita u nel aele yeh (eMelae Meenas eels Lier csAc ASL EES The pilgrims move with fast pace between the two designated ends or signs between ti two hills for seven turns, vi. Symboli¢tuash ofthe HolyKa'bah by His Majesty, the King of Saudi Arabia the ServantoltheHoly\Mosque: Every year of the pilgrimage, the Holy Ka'bah receives a new covering of Kiswah (a gol embroidered black cloth) woven by craftsmen who inherit the skill from the po generation. His Majesty, the King of Saudi Arabia performs this rite on 7th day of Zu hija. This event is witnessed by Islamic heads of States and thousands of pilgrims. ims converge at the plains of Arafat and keep standii ; ndi ser" devotion and receive sermons from the Imam. This te Ce Propte Mohammed's last pilgrimage's sermon offered atArafar. emorares ane commemorates the Prophet Moh: I's i rest and pray, Bhet Mohammed's mavement from Arafat to Muzdalifat plains”