Subject: English for Academic and Professional Purposes

Authors: Ms. Laila E. Mendoza, Ms. Cristina M. Cruz, Ms. Sharmaine

Arvy J. Myhre
Editors: Mrs. Crista E. Macale and Mr. Jaycie B. Robles
Reviewers: Mr. Elmar A. Cundangan and Mr. Victor T. Reyes

LESSON 4: WRITING AN ESSAY

Description of the Lesson:

Last week was a fruitful discussion! We learned the structures of a paragraph. This week we
will add new inputs as we go deeper with the Essay.
I am sure that this will be a new week of fun learning!

Objectives (What I need to know)

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. identify the structures, different steps, and important terms to remember in writing an essay;
2. write a comprehensive descriptive essay about a given topic; and
3. show self-direction in composing a well-constructed essay.
Day 1
Pre- assessment (What I know)

Direction: Before we start with our lesson, I want you to list down five things or leisure activities that
interest you.
1. ______________________________________
2. ______________________________________
3. ______________________________________
4. ______________________________________
5. ______________________________________

Great! Thank you for answering our ice breaker. You’ll surely realize the connection of
our activity in today’s lesson once you read our module.
Let’s now have a deeper discussion about the essay. You may take down notes on your
notebook
befBfkfwor use a highlighter and pen to highlight important key notes on this lesson.

Lesson Content (What’s new?)

What is an Essay?
❖ An essay is basically a short piece of writing that describes, clarifies, argues, or analyzes a single
subject. It is based on research where you gather important information to help you formulate your
opinion on the particular subject. The subject in an essay has several main points. It usually has five
or more paragraphs.
An essay can be informal or formal which can be classified through the tone and style. Its purpose
depends on what the writer wants the readers to convey from the message of the written essay.
Essay is divided into three parts. These parts are the introduction, body, and conclusion. Let us now
define each part.
1. Introduction
The introductory paragraph is the first paragraph in an essay that shows the topic sentence or
the thesis statement. It tells the readers what is the topic all about and prepare them of what
information they are about to receive. It contains two parts.
a. General Statements: These are a few sentences about your essay which purpose is to
catch the attention of your reader. To make them want to keep reading your essay.

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 Do’s Don’t
Use quotation Start the general statement by
saying “This essay will be all
Questions about…”

Facts/ Statistics

b. Thesis Statement: This is a short statement, usually composed of one sentence, that
summarizes the main point of an essay and it should be at the end of your introduction.
Do’s Don’t
Be clear. Start the thesis statement by
“The point of my paper is…”
Be specific.
Be organized.

Let’s take a look on the example introductory paragraph below.

General statement

The Philippine has full of charm and scenic beauty, that tourists from all over the world
would come and visit to enjoy its famous beaches, breathtaking islands and volcanoes, historical
landmarks, countless restaurants, and other scenic wonders. The Philippines has several serious
problems such as poor transportation, crowded streets, and expensive housing.

Thesis statement
2. Body Paragraph
A body paragraph is consist of one and more paragraphs following the introduction. It is the
core of your essay that gives the reader the bulk of information. Each paragraph supports the
main idea of your essay by breaking it down into smaller ideas or sub-topics. Each paragraph
consists of a topic sentence and several supporting sentences that give examples, discussion,
and evidences.
There are four types of Body Paragraph and these are:
a. Narrative is a paragraph that tells a story and answer the five “W questions” which
are who, what, when, where, and why.
b. Expository Paragraphs give you information that presents facts, gives direction, or
defines terms.
c. Descriptive Paragraphs present or describe single clear picture, specific sensory
details.
d. Persuasive Paragraphs express an opinion, tries to convince the readers.
Topic Sentence
The first problem is the Philippines’ inadequate public transportation system. Thousands of
residents rely on trains and buses to travel throughout the large city of Metro Manila, but the train
systems malfunction from time to time which somehow cripple the daily commute of workers, students
and other passengers in Metro Manila. In addition, roads are always faced with massive traffic jams.
Unfortunately, people often end up going to work late or missing important appointments. In order for
commuters to get to their destinations on time, they must have to wake up early every single day to
catch the earliest train and avoid the long line.

Supporting sentence

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 3. Conclusion
The concluding paragraph is the last paragraph in essay which summarizes the information
that has been presented. It completes the essay by summarizing or repeating the most important
ideas. The main conclusion can also include an opinion, a product, or a solution to a problem.

Below is an example of conclusion.

Summary of the main ideas

In conclusion, the Philippines must improve its transportation system, clean up the massive
traffic jams, caused by slow-moving traffic in most of the national highways, and keep rentals
affordable. In other words, the Philippines must improve its image, or it will soon become a boring city
that results from the lack of administrative responsibility to solve these serious problems.

Prediction

We are now done with the discussion! I hope you learned something today. Do you wish to
clarify some parts of the lesson? Feel free to raise your concerns.

Day 2
Review
Yesterday, we discussed the structures, steps, and important terms to remember in an essay.
Today, we will recall what you’ve learned by re-reading the lesson or re-watching the
uploaded video for we are going to test your memory and understanding of it. Are you ready
to show off your understanding of the lesson?

Practice (What is it?)

Direction: Word search. For this activity, look for words in the puzzle below. The words you will find
were discussed in today’s lesson. Once you’re done, explain the words you’ve found using your own
words. Do this on a separate paper.

Words to look for: Body Conclusion Introduction Thesis General

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Day 3
Valuing/Integration (What’s more?)

Yesterday, we tested your understanding of the lesson. Today, we will do an activity that will
make you reflect on some things.
Are you ready for today’s activity?

Direction: On ½ crosswise, create a short list of your lockdown realizations. Make sure to construct a list
with at least five realizations.
My lockdown realizations
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
Day 4
Application (What I can do)

Yesterday, you may have felt different emotions as you reflect and create a short list of your
lockdown realizations. Today, we will dig deeper on our emotions as this day’s activity is
connected with what we had yesterday.
Are you ready for today’s activity?

Direction: From the list you’ve created yesterday, write a well-written essay. Make sure to follow the
steps and guidelines in writing an essay. Do this on a whole sheet of intermediate paper.
Day 5
Post-assessment (What I Have Learned)

We’re almost done for this week! I hope you learned a lot and that by now, you are more
confident in constructing your own paragraph. Today, we are going to continue writing an
essay.

Direction: Look at the picture below. What can you say about the picture? How will you describe it?
Describe the image in a well-written short essay (with at least three paragraphs). Do this on one whole
sheet of intermediate paper.

Source: [Link]
png/86433-house-cartoon-cabin-log-png-file-hd
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Congratulations! You’re done with this week’s learning guide about the essay and on how to create an
effective and well-written one. Did you have fun while learning? What is your favorite part of the lesson
and/or the activity? Tell me more by filling in the blanks below.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.
Reminders:
1. Keep this module together with the written outputs in a portfolio. Make sure that all
your outputs are neatly stapled.
2. Your opinion matters! Give your feedback or message regarding the lesson to your
teacher through text or messenger. You may also ask for clarification and guidance
in order to achieve the lesson’s goal.
3. Enjoy your weekend!

References:
Menoy, J. (2016). English for Academic and Professional Purposes: A Multidisciplinary Approach.
BOOKS ATBP. PUBLISHING CORP.
Naginder Kaur & Noorazalia Izha Haron. (2014). Integrated Language Skills: Writing. Oxford University
Press

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