GAS & SOLUTION LAW PROBLEM SET:

SHOW ALL WORK TO OBTAIN CREDIT!

1. A gas occupies 565 mL at 88 C and 895 mm Hg. Determine its volume (in L) at STP. (ans: 0.503L)

I = r
mig
565 X 1,17
mmHg 1.7
-s
·

361

X 0.60
=

2. A tank of butane has a pressure of 842.0 mm Hg at 35 C. What would be its pressure (in mm Hg) at
15C? (ans: 787mmHg)

Ie
=

787.32
=8X
=

3. A gas sample exerts a pressure of 409 mm Hg. Determine the pressure (in mm Hg) if:

=4V
xE
(a) the temperature halves and the volume triples = 168.
=

(b) the temperature and the volume both quadruple

409mmHg
manged
4. How many grams of carbon dioxide will be produced when 5.00 L of propene (C3H6) burns with excess
stand
oxygen at 103.0 kPa at 25 C? The reaction has an 88.0 % yield. (ans: 24.2g)

(3H +

482 - S102 + 3H20

n
= xxs
=

2 0.667mOl =

8.31X298.15

2
=

0.067x5 = .03

203
mass=
x 44.01 x 0.88: 80.79 1
5. What pressure (atm) will be needed to reduce the volume of 77.4 L of helium at 98.0 kPa to a volume
of 50.0 L? (ans: 1.50 atm)

p, V, P. Ve
=

77.4x98.0 50xP =
=

1,497 1.50
=
atm

151.704kal
late =
=
-
101. 3 KPA

6. Find the temperature (K) of 4.31 g of oxygen gas in a 525 mL container at 1.775 atm. (ans: 84.0K)

Pr nRT
=

-02/nve 0.1346875
=

1775atm..525 0.1346875 = x0.0821 x 5

0.931873 0.01105 =

X
X 84.27
=

87.3k
=

7. A student collects a 121.0 mL sample of hydrogen. Later, the sample is found to have a volume of
128.6 mL at a temperature of 26.0 C. At what temperature (oC) was the hydrogen collected?
(ans:8.3oC)

I2 =

+
2

X
=
X 281.329k
=

281.329k-273 8.329:8.332
=

8. What volume (L) of ammonia gas, measured at 78 °C and 1.66 atm, will be needed to react with excess
sulfuric acid to produce 500. g of ammonium sulfate? (ans: 131 L)

2 NH3 HiS04
+
- (NH4):SO4
molNHySOy
S1 3.78
=

mol
=

MOl NH3 =

su)sOn/olINO4moIs=
7.50 mm
132.14
9

Drnt 700826-6 2
 9. 8 cm3 of oxygen are collected over water with a temperature of 27 oC. The total pressure of the gases
is 55.8 kPa. What is the partial pressure of the dry gas, in atm? (ans: 0.515 atm)

Pr Pp PH20
=
+

55.8
-=0.550 atm
101.325
0.513 atm
=

0.550 -0.0353

10. a. A mixture of neon and argon

gases exerts a total pressure of 2.89 atm. The partial pressure of the neon alone is 1.84 atm, what is the
partial pressure of the argon, in atm? (ans: 1.05 atm)
Pa=to-Tr
2.89-1184 1.05 at
=

b. The mixture contains a total of 5.0 moles of gas. How many moles of each gas are present in the
-

mixture? (ans: 3.2mol)

partial pressure 1.05atm
=

=
: x
Ne
=

3
=
3.2 ma

11. A student performs the decomposition of potassium chlorate

using the set-up at right. The products of the reaction are
potassium chloride and oxygen.

a. Write a balanced equation for the reaction.

302
2K2103 -> 2kC1 +

b. Use the data below to find the pressure of the dry oxygen, the
expected volume of oxygen, the percent yield, and the percent
error. (ans: 0.769L; 96.9%; -3.1%) mass potassium chlorate 2.50 g
Pr nRt = 2 k103 -> 2kC1
302 temperature +

23.5 °C
atmospheric pressure 758.2 mm Hg
water vapor pressure 21.7 mm Hg
a.
volume of gas collected 745 mL
T = 23.5 273
+
296
=

b.
Pr Parm-PH0-
=
758.2-21.7
136.5mmHg
=

= 008206x296.65=0.976x10002979mL
0.908
(70 0.968
=

= > am

S* = 0.0388 mol
molo2= o2
=

8
o.d8?= 0.935 2.
I= 761x100
76.1%
=

d. =

(775-979)/979 0.0779% ENOr

=

12. In an open-ended manometer, the mercury level in the open end is 85 mm Hg higher than in the gas
end. The gas pressure is 835 mm Hg. Find the pressure of the atmosphere. (ans: 750. mmHg)

&
150mm 3
 SOLUTION: 450L
.

1. Find the molarity of a 450 ml solution that contains 33.3 g of lithium hydroxide. (ans: 3.3M)

gotga) 1.59
=

molanty: moles = 19
3.09
=

#of solvent
0.450

2. What volume of 1.25

-
M iron(III) solution can be prepared using 75.4 g of iron(III) chloride? (ans:
372mL)
fe(13
ecs)=
fells) 0.4048 mon

x
0.3718mL
=

-648
1000
x
1.25 I
=

= 371.885= 372m2

3. What mass of iron (III) chloride is needed to prepare 325 ml of a 0.95 M iron (III) chloride solution?
(ans: [Link])

0.95 s
=

=0.30875 MOl
329 C Solution

X grams
0.308 = -=
50.1gfeCls
162.2gfells

4. What volume of 2.27 M nitric acid is needed to prepare 655 ml of a 0.660 M nitric acid solution? What
volume of water is also needed? (ans: 190. mL; 465 mL)

M,V1 MzV2
=

I II
V,.2.27 655x0.660
=

I
V, 190.440 mL
=

Volume of acid 190mL

_______________

V 653m2 Volume of water 465mL

_______________
V= ? =

a
m 0.660
VH20 464.5
=

4
=

M 2 = -
27
 0
5. Find the molarity of a solution prepared by mixing 350 mL of 1.5 M magnesium nitrate solution with
550 mL of water. Remember that molarity is moles solute/total volume of solution. (ans: 0.58M)

1.5MX. 338
mol
MyINOs72=
Mol
My
(NO3) 2 0.5259
2 0.585
=

molarity
- =

=0.58 M
Ve =
350 +,525 =.9L

6. Determine the molarity of a solution prepared by mixing 455 mL of 1.25 M calcium nitrate solution with
205 mL of 2.20 M calcium nitrate solution. Remember that molarity = moles solute/total volume
--
solution. (ans: 1.55M)

.205x2.2
Mol (a(NO3)2 = 1.25 x. 455 mol(a(NO3)2 =

M01 0.58675
=

0.451
mol=

tSm0=
d
1,5t

1,55M

- Disferod
7. A student reacts 14.2 ml of silver nitrate solution with excess sodium sulfate. The reaction produces
0.85 g of silver sulfate. Assuming 100 % yield for this reaction, determine the molarity of the silver nitrate
-

-
solution. (ans: 0.38M)

2
Ag(NOs) NazSOY-ASO4+2Na(NOs)
+

-AgNosym/mAgsO! 8e
=

2.21379x 0.85
=

x 1389
=

0.39 M
=

5
8. What volume (in mL) of hydrogen gas, at STP, will be formed by the reaction of 0.055 g of magnesium
with 20.0 mL of 1.5 M HCl? (ans: 51 mL)

H2
2H21 >
MyC12
+

my
-
+

molmg 083,=0,00266
=

M01 H2 0.5x0.00266 0.00113

=
=

n 1.0876x273. 8.02542 245mL

r =

=
= =

9. What volume of 0.75 M sodium hydroxide (in mL) must react with excess nickel (II) nitrate in order to
produce 1.25 g of nickel (II) hydroxide, assuming the reaction has an 85 % yield?

2 NaOH NilNOy2
+
-> NiCOH)2 + I NaNOY

0.75M 1.259
0.75
mers
=

Nicolaslimitinto us

0.0421
understand!
=

Redo+
10. Find the boiling point and freezing point of a solution prepared by dissolving 25.0g of potassium
chloride in 500g of water. (Hint: first find the molality of the solution). (ans: BP: 100.68°C, FP: -2.49°C)

malimen)
ΔTf = kf x m x i ΔTb= kb x m x i
Kf for water = 1.86°C/m Kb for water = 0.512°C/m

0.35 e 2.49
Tf 1.86x0.67X2
=

if 0 -2.49
=
=
-

2.49°
g.5kg Tb 0.512x0.67x2 0.6868
=
=

+B 100 0.6868°
=0.65
=
+

molality
=

100.68°
BP = _______ 2.49°
FP = _______
-