Engineering Mechanics
Statics: December 04, 2023
• Introduction to Mechanics
• Force System
• Principle of Transmissibility
• Resultant Force: Parallelogram Law, Triangle Law
• Moment of a Force
***This presentation contains a discussion summary only. All formula derivations, theories, and
principles will be discussed in-person.***
Engineering Mechanics
is the branch of physics concerned with the state of rest or
motion of bodies that subjected to the action of forces.
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) – a pioneer of mechanics, calculus and optics.
He was known for his 1987 published book called ‘Mathematical Principles of
Natural Philosophy’
Principle of Classical Mechanics: Three Newton’s Law of Motion
1. Law of Inertia
2. Law of Acceleration
3. Law of Interaction
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Engineering Mechanics
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Statics
F1
deals with the study of forces
acting on a body in equilibrium.
Either the body at rest or in uniform
motion is called statics.
Forces:
1. Magnitude
2. Direction
3. Position
Rigid Bodies
Body:
• No deformation
1. Rigid
• External effects
2. Non-Rigid F2
• Static or Dynamic
Image Source: Google Image PNGTree
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Types of Force System
Concurrent – forces whose lines of
action pass through a common
point.
Parallel – forces whose lines of
action are parallel (same slope)
*colinear forces*
Non-concurrent – forces whose
lines of action neither intersect at a
common point nor parallel.
*coplanar forces*
Image Source: Google Image Hugh Morris
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Axiom of Mechanics
• Action and reaction forces are equal but oppositely
directed.
• The parallelogram law states that the resultant of two
forces is the diagonal of the parallelogram formed on
the vector of these forces. Such given may now be analyze
using triangle law.
• The two forces are in equilibrium only when they are
equal in magnitude, opposite in direction, and collinear in
action.
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Force System
Problem No. 1
Resolve the force P of magnitude
100kN into components that are
parallel to the members AB and
AC of the truss.
Force System
Problem No. 2
Resolve the 500-N force into:
1. x and y components
2. x and y’ components
3. x’ and y components
4. x’ and y’ components
Resultant of Force Systems
𝑅𝑦
𝑅= (𝑅𝑥 )2 + (𝑅𝑦 )2 tan 𝜃 =
𝑅𝑥
𝐹2
R 𝐹1
𝑅𝑦
𝐹3
𝑅𝑥
R
O d
Moment at O = R(d)
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Principle of Moment
• Varignon’s Theorem states that the moment of a force
about a point is equal to the sum of the moments of the
force about the point. Simply, the moment produce by the
resultant force is equal to the moment produced by the
force components.
• Mathematically, 𝑀𝐹𝑂 = ∑ 𝑀𝑂
• Couple, a rotation acting on a body. It is defined as two
parallel forces with same magnitude but opposite
direction and separated by a perpendicular distance.
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Force System
Problem No. 3
Determine the magnitude and
direction of the resultant force
acting on ring A. Take F1=500N,
θ=20 degrees.
Force System
Problem No. 4
Given the gusset connection of
four structural members. Find the
required force B and its angular
direction taken from member A
for equilibrium. If force is F =
12kN.
Force System
Problem No. 5
Determine the following:
1. Magnitude of the resultant
force
2. Angle that the resultant force
makes with the horizontal
CCW
3. Distance of the line of action of
the resultant force from the
origin
Force System
Problem No. 6
Replace the force and couple
system acting on the member by
an equivalent resultant force and
couple acting at point O.
Force System
Problem No. 7
Find the resultant force, its
direction from the vertical axis,
and its location from point B.
Force System
Problem No. 8
Find the resultant force, and
specify where it acts on the beam
measured from A.
Force System
Problem No. 9
Find the resultant force, its
direction where it intersects BC,
and its location from point C.
Force System
Problem No. 10
The radius of upper two spheres
is 0.80m while that at the bottom
is 1.0m. Determine the following:
1. Reaction at A
2. Reaction at C
3. Reaction at B