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English Listening Test for Grade 10

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
34 views17 pages

English Listening Test for Grade 10

Uploaded by

thaonta3k17
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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SO' GIAO Dl)C - BAO TAO

0E THI TUYEN SINH vAo LOP 10 THPT

tf
QUANG NGAI
Nam hQC 2020 -2021 Ngay thi: 18/7/2020
. ,,J MON THI: Tieng Anh
.r., •••
... Q, (Danh cho thi sinh thi vao chuyen Anh)

6:
Otto Channel
Th&i gian lam bai: 150 phut
OE 81
(kh6ng k th&i gian giao d )

A. LISTENING (2.0pts)
I. You will hear an English woman called Britta talking to an interviewer
about her life in Berlin, the capital of Germany. You will hear the recording
twice. Choose the best answer (A, B, C): (0.5 pt) # page "H9c v6'i Otto
Channel" #
1. How long has Britta lived in Berlin?
A. four years B. six years C. twenty years
2. What does Britta say about living in Berlin?
A. She can't sleep at night because of the traffic noise.
B. She misses the museums and theatres in Bonn.
C. She like living in a big, busy city.

3. The area of Berlin where Britta lives is.................. .


A. a rather expensive place to live
B. a good place to eat out. Compiled by
C. a long way from the city centre. OTTO CHANNEL
4. How does Britta usually travel around in Berlin?
A. She walks
B. She uses her bicycle.
C. She uses the tram or bus
5. Britta says that her nephew, Phillippe, likes going.......................·
A. to the park with her
B. to the shops with his parents
C. to a gallery with her
II. You will listen to a talk by the Water Project Manager of a charity called
'Charity-Water'. Choose the answer (A, B, C), which fits best according to
what you hear. (0.5pt)
6. The speaker's job requires................-
A. a great deal of walking
B. clean water
C. extensive travel
I\ •fi:;;J
7. Why is this story being told?
A. for entertaining purposes
B. to promote Charity- Water
C. to encourage Helen
8. When villages heard of the charity workers' arrival, they..........·..
A. were suspicious B. took no notice C. had a party
9. Helen isfeeling··························
A. curious about the charity workers
B. ecstatic about her new life
C. nostalgic about her old life
10. What did the speaker notice about Helen?
A. the care that she took with her appearance
B. that she had bathed recently
C. that she was wearing a green uniform
Ill. You will hear a piece of news. Listen and decide if the following
statements are True (T) or False (F). (0.5pt)
Statements
T/F
11. A powerful earthquake jolted New Zealand after midnight.
12. Earthquakes in New Zealand are massive.
13. Christchurch is home to 340,000 people.
14. The highest tsunami waves in New Zealand were eight-feet tall.
15. There are numerous volcanic and earthquake activities in Pacific
Ocean's Ring of Fire.
IV. Listen to the recording and complete the table below with ONE WORD OR
A NUMBER for each answer. (0.5pt)

MOVING COMPANY SERVICE REPORT

Phone number: (16) .....................................


USA address: 509 Clark House, 1137 (17).............................Drive in Seattle
Packing day: Monday

Date: 11th ( 18) .....................·..·············


Clean-up by: 5:00p.m
Day: (19) .....................................
About the price: Rather expensive
Storage time: (20) .....................................
B. READING COMPREHENSION (3.0 pts)
I. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best
fits each gap. (1.0 pt) # page "H9c v6'i Otto Channel" #
Compiled by
HOW WE READ
,
Why did you decide to read this, and will you keep reading to the end? Do. you expect
to understand every single part of it and will you remember anything about it in a
fortnight's time? Common sense (21).................. that answers to these questions
depend on 'read-ability- whether the subject matter is interesting, the arguments are
clear and the (22).................. is attractive. But psychologists are discovering that to
(23)
........................why people read- and often don't read- technical information, they have
to examine not so much the writing as the reader.
Even the most technically confident people often ignore instructions for the video or
home computer in favour of hands-on experience. And people frequently (24)........
............little notice of consumer information, whether on nutritional labels or in the small
print of contracts. Psychologists researching reading (25)................... to assume that
both beginners and (26)................... readers read everything put in front of them from
start to finish. There are (27)....................... among them about the (28)..................of
eyes, memory and brain during the process. Some believe that fluent readers take (29)
......................... every letter or word they see; others insist that readers rely on
memory or context to carry them from one phrase to another. But they have always
assumed that the reading process is the same; reading starts, comprehension
(30)................ then reading stops.
21. A. suggests B. transmits C. advises D. informs
22. A. pattern B. layout C. formation D. assembly
23. A. ensure B. value C. determine D. rate
24. A. get B. pay C. make D. take
25. A. tend B. undertake C. lead D. consent
26. A. sufficient B. competent C. considerable D. valid
27. A. objections B. contests C. arguments D.
separations
28. A. share B. concern C. relation D. role
29. A. in B. over C. out D. up
30. A. sets B. occurs C. issues D. establishes
II. Fill in each gap with a suitable word. (1.0pt)
Greenhouse gases are being released into the atmosphere 30 times (31).............. .
than the time when the Earth experienced a previous episode of global warming. A
study comparing the rate at which carbon dioxide and methane are being emitted
now, (32).................. to 55 million years ago when global warming also occurred, has
found dramatic differences in the speed of release. James Zachos, professor of
each sciences at the University of California, Santa Cruz, said the speed of the
present buildup of greenhouse gases is far greater than during the global warming

Page 737
after the demise of the dinosaurs. 'The emissions that caused this part episode of
global warming (33) lasted 10,000 years," Professor Zachos told the American
Association for the Advancement of Science at a meeting in St. Louis. 'By burning fossil
fuels, we are (34L.................to emit the same amount over the next three centuries' He
warned that studies of global warming events and the geological pas indicate the
Earth's climate passes a threshold beyond which (35)....................change
accelerates with the help of positive feedbacks vicious circles of warming. Professor
Zachos is a leading authority on the episode of global temperatures increased by up
to 500C due to a massive release of carbon dioxide and methane.
His (36)....................... into the deep ocean sediments suggests at this time that about
4.5 billion tons of carbon entered the atmosphere over 10000 years. "This will be the
same amount of carbon released into atmosphere from cars and industrial emissions
over the next 300 years if present trends continue", he said. Although carbon can be
(37).................. suddenly and naturally into the atmosphere (38)...................volcanic
activity, it takes many thousands of years for it to be removed permanently by natural
processes.

The ocean is (39).................removing carbon, and quickly, but this natural capacity can
be easily overwhelmed, which is probably what happened 55 million years ago. "It will
take tens of thousands of years before atmosphere carbon dioxide comes down to
preindustrial levels," the professor said. "Even after humans stop burning fossil fuels,
the (40)......................will be long-lasting."
Ill. Read the text and choose the best answer. (1.0 pt)# page "H9c v6'i
Otto Channel"#
Human Nutrition is the study of how food affects the health and survival of the human
body. Human beings require food to grow, and maintain good health. Without food,
out bodies could not stay warm, build or repair tissue, or maintain the heartbeat.
Eating the right foods can help us avoid certain diseases or recover faster when
illness occurs. These and other important functions are fuelled by chemical
substances in our food called nutrients. Nutrients are classified as carbohydrates,
proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
When we eat a meal, nutrients are released from food through digestion. Digestion
begins in the mouth by the action of chewing and the chemical activity of saliva, a
watery fluid that contains enzymes, certain proteins that help break down food.
Further digestion occurs as food travels through the stomach and the small intestine,
where digestive enzymes and acids liquefy food and muscle contractions push it
along the digestive tract. Nutrients are absorbed from the inside of the small intestine
into the bloodstream and carried to the sites in the body where they are needed. At
these sites, several chemical reactions occur, which ensures the growth and
function of body tissues. The parts of foods that are not absorbed continue to move
down the intestinal tract and are eliminated minated from the body as feces.
Once digested, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide the body with the energy it
needs to maintain its many functions. Scientists measure this energy in kilocalories,
the amount of energy needed to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius. In
nutrition discussions, scientists use the term calorie instead of kilocalorie as the
standard unit of measure in nutrition.

Page 737
Nutrients are classified as essential or nonessential. Nonessential nutrients are
manufactured in the body and do not need to be obtained from food. Examples
include cholesterol, a fatlike substance present in all animal cells. Essential nutrients
must be obtained from food sources, because the body either does not produce them
or produces them in amounts too small to maintain growth and health. Essential
nutrients include water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
An individual needs varying amounts of each essential nutrient, depending upon such
factors as gender and age. Specific health conditions, such as pregnancy, breast
feeding, illness, or drug use, make unusual demands on the body and increase its
need for nutrients. Dietary guidelines, which take many of these factors into account,
provide general guidance in meeting daily nutritional needs.
From "Human Nutrition" by Worthington- Roberts, Bonnie, Microsoft)

41. The first paragraph mainly discusses.....................·


A. the importance of food to human beings.

Page 737
"Thi xong, c6 d cho Thtly xin v6'i nha!"

B. chemical substances in our food


C. a variety of essential nutrients to human beings
D. the study of human nutrition
The word "released" in the second paragraph mostly means" ".
A. refused B. produced C. expressed D. renewed
42. Which of the following is NOT true about the process of digestion?
A. Nutrients are carried to different sites in the body.
B. The small intestine helps the body absorb nutrients.
C. The small intestine covers the whole digestive system.
D. Saliva plays an important role in the first stage of digestion.
43. The word "maintain" in the paragraph is closest meaning to".............".
A. obtain B. provide
C. carry on making D. keep performing
44. According to the passage, nutrients are absorbed..........................
A. in the small intestine B. in the mouth
C. in the stomach D. over the whole body

45. According to the passage, which of the following provides energy for the body?
A. proteins, fats, and minerals
B. carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
C. carbohydrates, minerals and water
D. proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates

46. In nutrition discussions, the standard unit used to measure nutrients is.............
A. kilocalorie B. kilogram C. calorie D. gram

47. The word "which" in the last paragraph refers to.........·..


A. general guidance B. unusual demands
C. nutritional needs D. dietary guidelines
48. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Food sources from animals B. The body's need of nutrients
C. The effects of food on the body D. Classification of nutrients
49. Through the passage, the author provides the readers with...............·..
A. instructions B. some information
C. some proposal D. orders
C. WRITING (2.5 pts)

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I. Read the passage and write a summary of at least 120 words. (1.0 pt) #
page "H<;>c v6'i Otto Channel" #
There is a common trend for people to indulge in leisure activities. Did you ever
watch a video on the Internet? Maybe you used YouTube. YouTube is a website
where people can share their videos. Today, YouTube is an important part of the
Internet. However, that isn't always true.
YouTube started with a young man named Jawed Karim and two friends. One day,
Karim was on the Internet. He wanted information about the 2004 tsunami in
Southeast Asia. He found news stories about it, but he couldn't find any videos. This
gave Karin an idea. He wanted to help people put videos on the Internet. Karim told
his friends about this idea. Together, they created a company- YouTube.
YouTube became a global success. Millions of people around the world visited the
website. It was clear to Google, another Internet company, that YouTube had a lot of
value. Google made a deal. It bought YouTube for 1.65 USO. As a result, YouTube
investors and its employees made a lot of money. The three friends who started
YouTube were very big investors. Therefore, they made an enormous amount of
money. Karim became very rich, and he continued to work toward his PhD. There
was something else he wanted to do. He wanted to help young people go into
business. He used money and experience to start a new company called Youniversity
Ventures. This company helps young people who have good business ideas. It gives
them advice and money to start Internet businesses. Milo is one business that
students started with

the help of Youniversity Ventures, Milo is a shopping website. It helps people find
products in stores near their homes. Another example is AirBoB. This website helps
people find for video conferences. People in different places can use this site to have
business meetings.
Karim has some advice for students who want to start business. First, find a
successful company. Do a lot of research about the company and the top people in
the company. Then, copy the way they do things. For students who want to start
Internet business, Karim is probably a very good example to copy.
(Adapted from http:[Link]/waste/download/[Link])
II. Essay

"Life skills are very important and useful for students nowadays". Do you
agree or disagree with the statement?

Write an essay of about 200-250 words on the following topic: Use specific reasons
and examples to support your statement. (1.5 pts)

Compiled by ..
OTTO CHANNEL1

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SO' GIAO Dl)C - BAO
0E THI TUYEN SINH vAo LOP 10
TAO CAMAU
TRUNG HOC PHO THONG CHUYEN CA MAU
Nam hQc: 2020 - 2021
N THI: Tieng Anh (Chuyen)
Otto Channel 6'i gian lam bai: 120 phut
OE 82
hong k th6'i gian giao de)

A. LISTENING

I. You will hear a telephone conversation between a male insurance agent


and a female client who wants to make changes to her policy. Listen
carefully and answer questions 1 - 5. (1.0points)
TAUBER INSURANCE Co.

Insurance type: Vehicle:


Policy: (1).................................
Make & Model: Masda Marvel
Engine size: (2).................................
Name Lisa Marie Heathcote
Date of birth: (3).................................
Password: (4).................................
Change valuation? Yes
Reduce value to: (5) $.............................
II. Listen to the conversation twice, then choose the best answer A, B, C, or
D to complete these sentences. (1.0points)

6. Ismael is.....................................
A. OK, but a bit ill B. OK, but has a lot of homework
C. OK, but a bit bored D. OK, but has a lot of housework
7. "Light and dark" is................................
A. a science fiction film B. a romantic comedy
C. a horror film D. an action film
8. The comedy film is about a..........................
.
A. school [Link] [Link] D. family
9. Jack hates.................................
A. horror films B. romantic films C. science fiction D. action films

10. They decide to meet at....................................


A. seven fifteen B. half past seven C. 7 o'clock D. 8 o'clock

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B. PHONETICS
I. Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following
questions. (0.3 points)# page "H<;>c v6'i Otto Channel"#
1. A. washed D. watched
B. passed C. played
2. A. literature C. capture D. mature
B. future
3. A. though B. throw C. through D. thought

II. Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following
questions. (0.2 points)
4. A. tutor B. highlight C. enroll D. lunar
5. A. celebration B. television C. education D. information

C. LEXICO-GRAMMAR
I. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to complete each of the following
questions. (1.2points)
1. They asked me a lot of questions, most of.............I couldn't answer well.
A. which B. that C. whom D. whose
2. Lan and her family had a..................to their home village.
A.
two-days trip B. day-two trip
C. two-day trip D. two-day trips

3. I'm verY.............. to you for putting in so much hard work.


A. thoughtful B. grateful C. considerate D. careful
4. The Pikes put..............their trip because of bad weather.
A. away B. up C. off D. out

5. Peter doesn't like scuba-diving....................does his brother.


[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]
6. Paul and Mary have been dating for two weeks and he is asking her to go out
for dinner.
Paul: "Would you like to have dinner with me?"
Mary: "......................."
A.
I'm very happy. B.
Yes, so do I.
C. Yes, I'd love to. D. Yes, it is.

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7. What would you do, if you.................a UFO?


A. saw B. see C. had seen D. would see

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I

8. ................ they live near us, we can see them very


often.
[Link]
A. Although B. As C. So
9. I am much..................... at music than my old sister.
D. better
A. good B. well C. the best
10. Tom seldom drinks coffee,...............?
A. does Tom B. does he C. doesn't he D. doesn't Tom
11. The equipment in our office needs..........................·
A. to modernize B. modernizing
C. modernized \D. modernization

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12. Billy has been seriously ill, and he was taken to...............hospital yesterday.
A. a B. an C. the D. 0
II. Read the text. Fill each blank with the appropriate form of the word in
brackets. (0.8 points)# page "H<;>c v6'i Otto Channel"#
You've (1. PROBABLE)................................ heard of ecotourism, but it's a pretty new
term. Maybe you've heard it called "green tourism" or "responsible tourism". It's part
of the (2. GROWL................................ trend to take care of our world, both the natural
aspects and the traditional cultural ones. And Vietnam, with 30 national parks, 69
natural (3. RESERVE).................................., 45 landscape (4. PROTECT)....................
............sites, and 54 cultural groups, has incredible potential as one of the world's best
countries for ecotourism. Ecotourism is all about (5. SUSTAIN)................................. .
and enjoying the world without (6. DAMAGE).............................. it - or even better,
protecting and improving it while you explore. It's feel-good travel. You grow, you
help, and you keep the world beautiful. So if you've had enough of mega-hotel chains
and (7. CROWD).................tourist traps, and you want to see what natural beauty and
unique cultures Vietnam has to offer all while helping the region continue to grow and
thrive, then you should (8. SERIOUS).............................consider ecotourism.
Ill. Choose the underlined word or phrase A, 8, C, or Din each sentence that
needs correcting. (0.5 points)
1. I look forward to have the resolution to the problem I have mentioned.
A B C D
2. I saw the men, the women and the cattle which went to the field.
A B C D
3. Tam Dao is one of the mountainously areas of Vinh Phuc province.
A B C D
4. People who exercise frequently have greater physical endurance than
A B C
those who doesn't.
5. This book was writing QY Jack London, an American writer.
A B C D Compiled by,
D. READING COMPREHENSION TTOCHA
I. Read the following passage. Fill in each numbered blank with ONE
suitable word. (0.5points) # page "Hc;>c v6'i Otto Channel"#
ADVICE BEFORE STARTING WORK
In these days of high unemployment, it is often difficult for young people to find a job.
If they are lucky (1L.........................to be asked to go for an interview, they may find
that
there are at least 20 applicants for the job. If a company is thinking of offering you a
job, they'll ask you for at least one reference from (2)................ your previous
employer or someone who knows you well. Before taking up your job, you may have
to sign a contract. You'll have to do some training, (3)................... helps you to do
the job more successfully. Once you have decided that this is your chosen career,
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you will then have to work hard to try and get promotion, which brings more
responsibility and money! If you are unlucky, you may be made redundant, and not
be able to find (4).............. . job. It is also a good idea to pay some money into a
pension scheme, which will help you to look (5)........................ yourself and your
family when you are retired. Finally, good luck!
II. Complete the following passage by choosing A, B, C, or D to fill in each
blank. (1.0 points)
WORLD WIDE WEB
World Wide Web (WWW), computer-based (1L............ of information resources that
combines text and multimedia. The information on the World Wide Web can be
accessed and searched through the (2)..., a global computer network. The World Wide
Web is often (3)..................... to simply as "the Web."
The Web started to become a (4).............. resource after 1993 when the first widely
distributed browser provided a convenient way to (5)................ a variety of
information on the Internet. The Web uses (6)..., which means that information can be
displayed in a wide variety of formats. (?).........................can read texts, view
pictures, watch animation, listen to sounds, and even explore interactive virtual
environments on the Web. A user can (8)...................................... seamlessly from a
document or Web page stored on the computer to a document or Web page stored on
another computer. The Web offers a place (9).......................... companies, universities
and (10)............ . institutions, and individuals can display information about their
products, services, facilities, or research etc.
1. A. system D. program
B. source C. network
2. A. computer C. television D. internet
B. radio
3. A. said
B. referred C. considered D. told
4. A. popular D. favorite
B. normal C. ordinary

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5. A. enter B. access C. come into D. arrive at
6. A. multimedia B. media player C. information [Link]
7. A. Users B. Shopkeepers C. Customers D. Consumers
8. A. go B. move C. fly D. run
9. A. That B. what C. which D. where
10. A. another B. the others C. other D. others

Ill. Read the following passage and choose the best answers A, B, C, or D. (1.0
points)# page "H<;>c v6'i Otto Channel"#
If parents bring up a child with the sole aim of turning the child into a genius, they will
cause a disaster. According to several leading educational psychologists, this is one
of the biggest mistakes which ambitious parents make. Generally, the child will be too
aware of what his parents expect, and will fail. Unrealistic parental expectations can
cause great damage to children.
However, if parents are not too unrealistic about what they expect their children to do,
but are ambitious in a sensible way, the child may succeed in doing very well -
especially if the parents are very supportive of their child. Michael Collins is very
lucky. He is crazy about music, and his parents help him a lot by taking him to
concerts and arranging private piano and violin lessons for him. They even drive him
50 kilometers twice a week for violin lessons. Michael's mother knows very little about
music, but his father plays the trumpet in a large orchestra. However, he never makes
Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.
Winston Smith, Michael's friend, however, is not so lucky. Both his parents are
successful musicians, and they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their
son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him for every piano competition
held. They are very unhappy when he does not win. Winston is always afraid that he
will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.

1. The word "sole" in line 1, paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to....................·..


A. only B. minor C. small D. important
2. Who have criticized the methods of some ambitious parents?
A. Their children. B. Successful musicians.
C. Unrealistic parents. D. Educational psychologists
3. According to the reading passage, one of the serious mistakes parents can
make is to....... .
A. make their child become a musician
B. help their child to become a genius
C. push their child into trying too much
D. neglect their child's education

'fl/&J
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1il

4. Which word in the passage means extremely wise?


A. supportive B. sensible C unwilling D. ambitious
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5. The word "They" in line 2, paragraph 3 refers
nha!" to........................·
A. parents in general B. violin lessons
C. Winston's parents D. concerts
6. Parents' ambition for their children is not wrong if theY..................
A. force their children into achieving success
B. themselves have been very successful
C. understand and help their children sensibly
D. arrange private lessons for their children
7. The phrase "crazy about" in the passage 2 mostly means..................................
A. "completely unaware of B. "confused about"
C. "surprised at" D. "extremely interested in"

8. Michael Collins is fortunate in that ...............


A. his parents are quite rich
B. his mother knows little about music
C. his father is a musician
D. his parents help him in a sensible way
9. Which of the following is TRUE about Winston Smith?
·•·•

A. He is often taken to concerts by his parents ,,I


B. He is not a fortunate child.
C. He has two piano lessons a week
D. his parents help him in a sensible way
10. The two examples given in the passage illustrate the principle that.................·
A. Parents should let the child develop in the way he wants.
B. Successful parents always have intelligent children.
C. Parents should spend more money on the child's education.
D. Successful parents often have unsuccessful children.
E. WRITING
I. Read the following passage and use Your Own Words to summarize it.
You Must Not copy or re-write the original. Your summary should be about
60 - 80 words. (1.0 points)# page "H<;>c v6'i Otto Channel"#
One of the main sources for the spreading of news and events throughout the world
is the newspaper. The purpose of newspapers is to inform the public of political,
socio economic and entertainment happenings, among other things.

w/j;?
a
is

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Generally, three main types of newspapers are daily newspapers, weekly


newspapers, and special-interest newspapers. A daily newspaper publishes its
edition at least once every weekday. Daily newspapers often have sections for
news, sports, arts and entertainment, business and classified advertising. Most
dailies also have a weekend edition. Weekly newspapers, which are printed
once a week, cover news of interest to readers in a smaller area than that of a
daily paper. Weekly newspapers generally focus on local happenings while
daily newspapers on national or international events. Special-interest
newspapers may publish daily, weekly, monthly, or even less frequently. They
generally spread news of interest to a particular group of readers or feature
news about a specific topic.
Thanks to the development of the Internet, we can now get access to
electronic newspapers. To some extent, e-newspapers are cheap, up-to-date,
and convenient for most readers in the world.
II. Essay

"Since you 've become a teenager, what are the challenges you 've faced?"

In about 120 - 180 words, write a paragraph about the topic: (1.5 points)

Common questions

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The behavior of readers often depends more on the reader than the writing itself. Psychologically, even technically confident individuals may ignore detailed instructions for self-experimentation with video or home computers, indicating that reader behaviors can deviate significantly from straightforward readability assessments. Factors like personal interest, clarity of arguments, and presentation attract readers, but many still opt not to engage with technical details despite their importance .

The current rate of greenhouse gas emissions is significantly faster than during past global warming events. Specifically, the speed of greenhouse gas buildup today far exceeds that of 55 million years ago, when significant warming followed the dinosaurs' extinction. This historical event saw carbon dioxide and methane emissions causing a temperature increase over 10,000 years, whereas today's emissions are projected to deliver a similar amount of carbon in just three centuries due to fossil fuel combustion .

Essential nutrients must be obtained from food sources as the human body either cannot produce them or does so in insufficient quantities to support health and growth. These include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. In contrast, nonessential nutrients are synthesized within the body in sufficient quantities, such as cholesterol, and do not rely on dietary intake. Both types, however, contribute to essential bodily functions like growth, tissue maintenance, and disease prevention .

Signing a contract before starting a new job ensures that both the employee and the employer have a clear understanding of their obligations and expectations. It outlines the job responsibilities, wages, and conditions, providing legal protection and clarity, which is crucial for establishing a mutually beneficial workplace relationship .

Saliva plays a crucial role in the initial stage of digestion by containing enzymes that begin breaking down food right from the mouth. It contributes to chemically breaking down food, aiding in its digestion as the food continues moving through the stomach and small intestine .

Ambitious parental expectations can lead to disappointment and failure in children who become overly conscious of these expectations. Experts note that unrealistic pressures to become geniuses can result in psychological stress, underachievement, and a potential failure to meet parental goals. This approach is a common mistake among parents hoping to ensure their children's success .

Psychologists debate whether fluent readers need to consciously process every letter or word they see or predominantly rely on memory and contextual clues to comprehend text. There is a general assumption that the reading process is uniform, starting with reading and progressing to comprehension, but disagreements exist regarding how closely readers engage with text specifics .

The World Wide Web allows access to multimedia information using hypertext, enabling users to view text, images, animations, sounds, and interactive virtual realities. This web functionality enables seamless transitions between different types of information and sources, making it a flexible and dynamic resource for accessing diverse content .

Ecotourism promotes environmental and cultural preservation by advocating for sustainable travel practices. In Vietnam, with its diverse national parks, natural reserves, and cultural groups, ecotourism supports conserving natural beauty and traditional cultures while tourism flourishes. This type of tourism emphasizes minimizing harm while enhancing the ecological and cultural environment, ensuring that tourism grows without causing damage .

Human digestion converts food into energy through a process starting in the mouth, where saliva begins breaking down food, continuing down the digestive tract with the stomach and small intestine using enzymes and acids to further decompose the food into nutrients. These nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream, fueling bodily functions and providing energy measured in kilocalories .

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