Basic Algebra

Book - Series I-1

Student

7(4x - y) = ___

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 Basic algebra
Student Book - Series I

Contents

Topics Date completed

Topic 1 - Addition and subtraction of like terms __/__/__

Topic 2 - Multiplication and division of pronumerals __/__/__
Topic 3 - Indices __/__/__
Topic 4 - Grouping symbols __/__/__
Topic 5 - Substitution __/__/__
Topic 6 - Common factors __/__/__
Topic 7 - Addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions __/__/__
Topic 8 - Multiplication and division of algebraic fractions __/__/__
Topic 9 - Problem solving and algebra __/__/__

Practice Tests

Topic 1 - Topic test A __/__/__

Topic 2 - Topic test B __/__/__

Author of The Topics and Topic Tests: AS Kalra

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning ii
Chapter 4
Basic algebra EXCEL MATHEMATICS YEAR 8
pages 34–35
Topic
UNIT 1:
1:Addition
Additionand subtraction
and of like
subtraction ofterms
like terms

Question 1 Simplify the following expressions by collecting like terms.

a 2x + 3x = b 5x − 2x =
c 5a + 4a = d 9y − 6y =
e 3y + 7y = f 4q − 3q =
g 8m + 6m = h 9a − a =
i 2b + 15b = j 8t − 2t =
k 7n + 5n = l 5mn + 3mn =

m 8p − 5p = n 8xy + 7xy =
o 7p − 3p = p 18x2 − 12x2 =

Question 2 Simplify the following.

a 5p + 6p − 3p = b 8m − 3m − 2m + 7m =
c 8x − 5x + 7x = d 4xy + 6xy − 3xy − 2xy =
e 12y − 4y + 5y = f 8k + 4k + 2k − 5k =

g 8xy + 2xy + 5xy = h 9a + 2a + 3a − 7a =

i 6m − 3m + 10m = j 11p + 5p − 7p =

k 5a + 7a + 3a + 6a = l 6ab − 3ab − ab + 2ab =

m 8x2 + 7x2 − 6x2 − 3x2 = n 6a2 + 7a2 + 8a2 − 10a2 =

o 4x − 2x + 9x − 6x = p 11y − 6y − 3y − y =

Question 3 Simplify by collecting like terms.

a 4x + 3x + 2y + 7y = b 11a + 7b − 3a =
c 3m + 7m + 8n + 9m = d 9c − 6c − 2c + 3d =
e 8a + 7a − 2m − 3m = f 9x2 − x2 − 3x2 =

g 3x + 2y + 5x = h 12mn − 6mn + 3mn =

i 8y + 7x − 3x − 2x = j 5x + 7y − 4y − 2x =

k 8m + 2n + 9n + 2n = l 5t + 17 − 2t − 8 =

m 7y + 6y − 3x + 7x = n 6a + 9 − 3a =
o 12 − 3x − 2x = p 9m + 7mn − 6m − 2mn =
q 10m + 5n + 3n + 4m = r 5x + 3y − 2x − 2y =

Chapter 4: Basic algebra 33

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 1
Basic algebra
Topic 2: Multiplication and division of pronumerals

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 2
Basic algebra
Topic 3: Indices

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 3
Basic algebra EXCEL MATHEMATICS YEAR 8
pages 37–38
UNIT4:
Topic 4:Grouping
Grouping symbols
symbols

Question 1 Expand the following expressions.

a 5(a + 3) = b 6(x − 7) =

c −2(6 + a) = d −5(x + 7) =

e 9(2a + 5) = f 3(5x − 9) =

g 2a(6 + 3a) = h x(2x − 5) =

i m(6m + 3) = j 5x(x − 3) =

k 7n(2n − 3) = l −3a(a − 2) =

m −2(a + 5) = n −7(3p − 4) =

o 5a(a − 1) = p −3x(2x − 2) =

q −(x + 9) = r −(4y − 7) =

Question 2 Expand and simplify by collecting like terms.

a 3(x + 5) + 6x = b 6(a − 5) − 5a =

c 4(m − 3) + 2m = d 2(x − 3) + 3x + 7 =

e 6y(y + 4) − 2y2 = f 6(m − 2) − 3m =

g 5x + 3(10 − x) = h 9x + 3(x − 2) =

i 6m − 2(m + 1) = j 2m + 3(m − 3) + 7 =

Question 3 Expand and simplify.

a 3(x + 2) + 4(x − 2) = b 8(m − 3) + 3(m − 2) =

c 5(p − 7) + 3(p + 2) = d 8(x + 3) + 2(x − 1) =

e 4(x + 3) − 2(x + 1) = f x(x + 1) − (x − 3) =

g 5(p − 6) − 2(p − 1) = h p(5p + 6) − 3(2p − 3) =

36 EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 1

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 4
Basic algebra
Basic algebra EXCEL MATHEMATICS YEAR 8
pages 32–34
UNIT5:
Topic 5:Substitution
Substitution

Question 1 If a = 2, b = 3, c = 4 and d = 5, evaluate the following.

a abc = b a+b+c−d= c ab + bc =

d a2 + b2 + c2 = e bc ÷ a = f abcd =

g b2 + c2 − ad = h b2 + 10 = i 3ab + 2cd =

j 3a2c − d = k 5c2 − 12 = l a3 + b3 =

Question 2 If x = 5, find the value of the following expressions.

a 3x + 2 = b 65 − 4x = c 4(x + 3) =

d (2x − 7)2 = e 6x − x2 = f 2x (x − 3) =

g (x + 2)2 = h (x − 3)2 = i x3 =

j (2x)2 = k 21 – x l 2x2 =

m (x − 3)3 = n (x + 2) (x − 2) = o x2 − 7 =

Question 3 If x = 6.5, y = 2.4 and z = 5.8, find correct to one decimal place the value of

a x+y= b x+y+z= c x+y−z=

d xy = e xyz = f x2 =

g x2 + z2 = h y3 = i yz =

j (x − z) + 3 = k x÷y= l (x + y) ÷ z =

m (x + y)2 = n x + y + z = o 3
x+y+z=

Chapter 4: Basic algebra 37

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 5
Basic algebra
Basic algebra EXCEL MATHEMATICS YEAR 8
page 38
UNIT 6:
Topic 6:Common
Common factors
factors

Question 1 Factorise the following by taking the highest common factor out.
a 5a + 5 = b 8x − 8 = c 3y − 3 =

d 2x + 2 = e 6m + 6 = f 7m + 7 =

g 3p + 6 = h 4q + 8 = i 6x − 9y =

j 4x − 16 = k 9b − 18 = l 5a + 20 =

m 2a + 6 = n 3m + 12 = o 6n − 24 =

p 8x − 32 = q 3a + 15 = r 2a + 14 =

Question 2 Factorise by taking the common factor out.

a 3a + 3b = b 5m + 5n = c 6p − 6q =
d 7a + 14b = e 3l − 9m = f m2 + 7m =
g y2 + 6y = h 9x − 18y = i 3a − 24b =
j 4x + 4y = k mp − 3p = l 8x − 32y =
m 6x − 36 = n 3m + 12m2 = o 5y − y2 =
p 9x − 6 = q 8m − 8n = r 6x − 3x2 =
s 2x2 − 4x = t 6pq − 12p2 = u 10x − 10y =

Question 3 Factorise the following.

a −3x + 6 = b −5x + 10 = c −4x + 8 =
d −6x + 18 = e −2x + x2 = f −6a + 24 =
g −3a + 12 = h −4a + 16 = i −6a −12 =
j −4y − 8 = k −2x − 10 = l −8y − 4x =
m −3p − 9q = n −5x − 25 = o −x − 5 =

Question 4 Factorise.
a 7a + 7b = b 4a − 20 = c 9x − 9y =
d 3m + 15 = e 6 − 6t = f m2 − 4m =
g 5ab − a2 = h 7m − 14n = i 8ab − 6a2b =
j −4 − 12a = k −3 − 15p = l −3m − 6n =
m 9m − 36 = n −4a − 20a2 = o −x − 7 =

38 EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 1

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 6
Basic algebra EXCEL MATHEMATICS YEAR 8
page 36
Topic
UNIT 7:
7:Addition
Additionand subtraction
and of algebraic
subtraction fractions
of algebraic fractions

Question 1 Find the sum of these algebraic fractions.

x + x = x x a + a =
a 5 5 b 3 + 3 = c 7 7

x + x = m+m= x + 3x =
d 2 2 e 4 4 f 7 7

5a + a = y y 2a + a =
g 8 8 h 3 + 4 = i 3 5

2x + 3x = 5m + m = 7a + a =
j 7 14 k 6 3 l 6 8

Question 2 Subtract the following algebraic fractions.

2x – x = 5p – 4p= 2b – b =
a 7 7 b 9 9 c 3 3

3m – m = x – x = 5p – 2p =
d 4 4 e 2 5 f 7 7

a – a = p 2p 3x – 3 =
g 6 12 h 18 – 12 = i 10 5

a + 1 – 2a = 2x – x + 1 = y – 3y + 1 =
j 2 3 k 3 4 l 2 3

Question 3 Find the answers to the following.

2x + x = 5x – 3x = 7x – 2 =
a 3 3 b 8 8 c 9 9

5p – 3p = 2m – m = p + 2p =
d 7 7 e 5 5 f 6 3

3x – 2x = 2a + a = 2x + x =
g 7 14 h 5 5 i 3 4

2a – a = 5a + a = a+3 a–2 =
j 15 15 k 3 5 l 2 + 3

Chapter 4: Basic algebra 39

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 7
Basic algebra
Topic 8: Multiplication and division of algebraic fractions

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 8
Basic
Basic algebra
algebra EXCEL MATHEMATICS YEAR 8
pages 38–39
UNIT 9:Problem
Topic 9: Problem solving
solving andand algebra
algebra

1 Write the sum of 2x and 3y. _______________________________________________________________

2 Write the product of m and n. ______________________________________________________________

3 Write the average of 2x, y and 3z. ___________________________________________________________

4 Find the expression 3 more than 2x. _________________________________________________________

5 If the first number is x, write the next consecutive integer. _______________________________________

6 Find the area of a square with side length x metres. _____________________________________________

7 Write the perimeter of a rectangle of length 15 cm and width 7 cm. ________________________________

8 Find the perimeter of a square with side length 8 cm. ___________________________________________

9 Find the volume of a cube with side length 5 cm. ______________________________________________

10 Find the number x less than 3x + 4y. ________________________________________________________

11 Increase 5x by 2. ________________________________________________________________________

12 Write the perimeter of the following shapes.

x
a b c
x x 3x 2x 5x

2x + 5 2x + 3 8x

13 Find the area of the following shapes.

a b c
x x

8x + 4
2x 2x – 3

14 Your pocket money is $x per week. How much do you earn in 7 weeks? ____________________________

15 If I bought p pens and 3q pencils and my sister bought 5p pens and 2q pencils,
how many pens and pencils do we have altogether? ____________________________________________

16 Three different types of sweets cost 5y, 3y and 2y cents each.

If I buy 4 of each type, what would be the total cost? ___________________________________________

Chapter 4: Basic algebra 41

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 9
Basic
Basicalgebra
algebra
Topic
TOPICTest
TEST PART
PART A
A
Instructions This part consists of 12 multiple-choice questions
Instructions • This part consists of 12 multiple choice questions
Each question is worth 1 mark
• Each question is worth 1 mark
Fill in only ONE CIRCLE for each question
• Fill in only ONE CIRCLE for each question
Calculators are NOT allowed
• Calculators may be used
Time allowed: 15 minutes Total marks = 12
Time allowed: 15 minutes Total marks = 12
Marks
Marks

1 8x − 3x − x equals
A 4x B 6x C 8x − 3 D 5 1

2 a3 + a3 equals
A a6 B a9 C 2a3 D 2a6 1

3 3ab2 equals
A 3×a×b×2 B 3 × ab × ab C 3ab × 3ab D 3×a×b×b 1

4 12m6 ÷ 4m3 equals

A 3m3 B 3m2 C 8m3 D 8m2 1

5 2(x – 7) + x equals
A 3x − 7 B 3x − 14 C x−7 D x − 14 1
x x
6 The simplest fraction for 2 + 3 is
x 2x 2x 5x
1
A 5 B 5 C 6 D 6

7 4a2 × 5a4 equals

A 9a6 B 9a8 C 20a6 D 20a8 1

8 b is a factor of ab + bc. What is the other factor?

A a B a + bc C ac D a+c 1
a6b
9 Simplify a2b2
a3 a4
A b B b C a3b D a4b 1

10 x(x − 5) equals
A x2 − 5 B x2 − 5x C −4x D −5x2 1

11 k4 × (k8 ÷ k2) equals

A k16 B k10 C k8 D k6 1

12 If a = 4 and b = 5 then 3ab2 equals

A 120 B 300 C 1200 D 3600 1

Total marks achieved for PART A 12

Total marks achieved for PART A
42 12
EXCEL ESSENTIAL SKILLS: YEAR 8 MATHEMATICS REVISION AND EXAM WORKBOOK 1

Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 10
 Basic
c algebra
Basic algebra
algebra
TOPIC
TEST Topic TEST
Test PARTBBB
PART
PART
ns • This part consists •This
Instructions
Instructions ofThis
15 part consists
questions
part consists ofof
1515 questions
questions
• •Each
Each
Each question is worth 2question
marks
question is is worth
worth 12 marks
mark
• •Write
Write answers in theWrite answersin in
answers-only
answers the
the answers-only
column
answers-only column
column
• Calculators may20
Time allowed: • minutes
be Calculators
used may be used Total marks = 15
Time allowed: 15 minutes
wed: 15 minutes TotalTotal
marksmarks
= =
3030
Marks
Questions Answers only
Questions Questions Answers
Answers onlyonly Marks
Marks

e [Link] the following.
6a + 3a 1 − 5a + 6a + 3a 11

2 (3ab)2 11

1
32b2 3
2
ab × 32b2 11

a2 1
4
b
÷ b 11

and simplify Expand

5 5a + 3(2and simplify 5a + 3(2 − a).
− a). 11

8 3 8 3
y a – a 6 Simplify a – a 11

and simplify Expand

7 x(2x and
− 1) − simplify x(2x − 1) − 2(x2 − x).
2(x2 − x). 11

8 2. Factorise 2p2q + 4pq2.

se 2p2q + 4pq 11

and simplify Expand

9 3(x + 5)and simplify
+ 4(x + 3)3(x + 5) +−4(x
− 6(3x 2).+ 3) − 6(3x − 2). 11

(y − 2) (y +104).Expand (y − 2) (y + 4). 11

6x + 9 6x + 9
y . 11 Simplify . 11
6 6

y a2b3 × 2(ab) Simplify

12 3 ÷ 8a3b4.a2b3 × 2(ab)3 ÷ 8a3b4. 11

5x 8x 5x 8x
. Simplify 2y × 25y .
y 2y × 25y13 11

a3b a a3b a
y ÷ .
14 Simplify 3 ÷ 6b . 11
3 6b

3x x 7x 3x x 7x
y 10 – 10 +1510Simplify
. – +
10 10 10
. 11

Totalachieved
Total marks marks achieved for PART
for PART B B 3030

algebra Chapter 4: Basic algebra

Total marks achieved for PART B 4343
15
Basic algebra
Mathletics Instant Workbooks – Series I Copyright © 3P Learning 11