' Wide cd A : Wer nr ee ‘100 FINAL PROFESSIONAL D16b 18. [ PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-IV. (MEDICINAL CIIEMISTRY) (Theory | I : ; ' leer Marks 100 | oo — ss . a Study of this subject shall cover the theory of drug action, stereochemistry and drug action, theory of drug action, stereochemistry and drug action, alkaloids, vitamins and relation of structure and biological y of organic medicinal agents,_Protein and steroidal hormones. antibiotics, and synthetic drugs of different pharmacological activity shall be included. NO’ ‘The topics will be taught with special reference to their Pharthaceutical Applications. 1. INTRODUCTION TO_ MEDICINAL CITEMISTRY: Chemical constitution and biological activity: (Receptor, Theory, Structure Activity Relationships (SAR) and Drug Metabolism), Modem concept of rational drug design, prodrug, combinatorial chemistry and computer aided nse molecules. drug design (CADD) and concept of anti ING: ARGETS AND DRUG DI 2. DRI 4, Introduction and types of drug targets b. Introduction to molecular modeling and computational chemistry ¢, Structure based designing d. Ligand-based designing e, Various techniques in drug synthesis AL ACTION, STRECIEKE Li), BOLOL IC_ APPLICATIONS OF THE Ai PROVE TINS, (HE RELATIONSIMP_AND_THERAPE! ACTIVITY,FOLLOWING: a, |. Anaesthetics: Local anaesthetics (Procaine, Lignocaine, Eucaine, Pate 2g mones (Testosterone, Progesterone, Estrogen, Aldosteron Hormones: Steroidal Hor cones (Insulin, Glucagon, Oxytocin a and Cortisol), Proteinous Horm: nd Vassopressin). ' i trexate,. ‘AntisneoplasticAgents: Tamoxifen, Fluorouracil, Mercapturine, Metho and Vincristine. ’ i hyde, Sedatives and notics: Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, Paraldehyde, Glutethimide, Chloral hydrate, and alcohols. Cocaine and Benzocaine), General anaesthetics (Cyclopropane, Halothane, Nitrous oxide, Chloroform, Thiopental Sodium, Ketamine, Methohexital, ‘Thioamylal Sodium, Fantanyl Citrate, Tribromo ethanol). Analgesics and _Antipyretics; Paracetamol, Salicylic acid analogues, Quinolines derivatives, Pyrazolone and Pyrazolodiones, N - arylanthranilic acids, Aryl and heteroaryl acetic acid derivatives. Sulphonamides: Prontosil, _sulphanilamide, __Sulphapyridine, sulphadimidine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadiazine and Sulfafurazole. Antimalarials: 4-Aminoquinolines, 8-Aminoquinolines, 9-Amino _acridines, Biyuanides, Pyrimidine analogues, Mefloquine and Cinchoha alkaloids. . Diuretics: Mercaptomerin, —-Meralluride, Thiazides, Sprironolac-tone, Theophylline, Furosemide, Acetazolamiode, Ethacrynic acid and Triameterene. Antitubercular Drugs: Ethambutol, Isonicotinie acid, Hydrazid, Rifampacin, ‘Thioguanine, Pyrazinamide, cycloserine, Ethunamide, Cytarabine, $-Flourouracil and Dacarbazine. ‘Amiviral Drugs: Acyclovir, Tromantadine Hydrochloride and Ribavirin. Immunosuppressant Agents: Azathioprine and Cyclosporin Antibiotics: Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Streptomycin. Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Kanamycin and Erythromycin.Fs : 102 PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-IV (MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY) (Practical Paper 6 Marks 100 | NOTE: Practical of the subject shall be designed from time to time on, the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities e.g. Estimation of Functional groups; Carboxylic, Hydroxy, Amino and Nitro groups; Determination. of ~ Molecular weights of Organic Compounds. Synthesis of Paracetamol, Salicylic Acid, Methyl ney Aspirin, P- salicylate, Azobenzene, Benzoic Acid, 5-Hydroxy-l, 3-benzoxazol-2. nittosophenol, 3-nitophthalic acid, Chlorc-tenzoic acid. Assay of the Drugs like Sulpha Inorganic Preparations (Note: A minimum drugs. Aspirin, Paracetamol, Benzyl Penicilli ‘of 20 practicals will be conducted), SUGGESTED READING: |. Burger A. Medicinal Chemistry. 6" Ed, Jhon Willey & Sons; 2003. 2. Block GH, Roche EB, Soine TO, Wilson. Inorganic and. Medicinal 1 Chemistry. 2"4 Ed, Verghese Publishing House; 1986. Pharmaceuti 3. Block JH. Beale JM. Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of -organic medicinal and Pharmaccutital Chemistry. 12" Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010, 4. Burger A, Medicinal Chemistry. 6!" Ed, thon Willey & Sons; 2003. Foye WO. Principles of Medicinal Chemistry. 6!" ed. Verghese Publising House: 2008 6. Gennsro AR. Remington: The science and practice of pharmacy. 21° Ed Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011 7. Tyagi OD. Yadav M, Textbook of Synthetie Drugs. 3°4 Ed. Anmol Publications: 2004we eh Course Objecti Cinical pharmacy isthe practice of pharmacy in clinical seting especially in the hospital. The concept of clinical pharmacy and the rolé thatthe pharmacists are playing internationally is 0 be Jntrodued. Study of clinical pharmacy is important in therapeutic drug monitoring, determining toxicities, drug interactions, adverse drug reaction and dosage regimen establishment. Ihelps in proper selection of drugs, administration rout as well as guiding patients about the drug therapy. ‘The students need to learn the concept of rational use of drugs, essential drugs and their . diug utilization evaluation and review, practical pharmacokineties and the role of pharmacist in pharmaceutical care, its scope, management and application. 1. RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS: Rational Prescribing, Rational Dispensing, Problems of Irrational Drug Use, Learning about drug use problem, Sampling to”study drug use, Indicators ofidrug use. 338 Hunk 10N_TO z INTRODUCTI ESSENTIAL DRUGS: Criteria for selection, Usage and Advantages. Development of EDL. 3. DRUG UTILZATION EVALUATION & DRUG _UTILIZATIONREVIEW DUE/DUR}: Development of protocol of use of few very low therapeutic index dr oups like Steroids, Vancomycin and Cimetidine. ~ LINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Digoxin, Theophyline, Gentamycin, Lithium, Phenytoin, Cabamazepine, Phenobarbitone, Valproic Acid, Cocioeparing and Vancomvein PHARMACEUTICAL CARE, _ITS__ SCOPE. ICA’ OF CARE PL. MANAGEMED AND Phufeeery1 at 104 CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS: General Strategy: Terminology of Disease. Management and Treatment, Drug Selection. 7. CLINICAL TOXICOLOG: and 4, General information, Role of pharmacist in treatment of poisonit general management of poisoning & over dosage. Role and Status of Poison Control Centre. ~°, “Antidotes and their mechanism of action. 8. SAFE INTRAVENOUS THERAPY & HAZARDS OF IV. THERAPY importance, Extent of non- Definition, introduction and fategies for improving 9. NON-COMPLIANC! compliance, Methods of assessment, Reasons for non-compliance, Sti compliance. 10, DISEASE MANAGEMENT: a. Unit V: Central nervous system unit (Stroke, Epilepsy, Psychosis) b. Unit VE Infectious diseases (Meningitis, tuberculosis, dermatological Rabies, Urinary track infection, Malaria fever, Typhoid fever, Fungal infections of Common Cold, Pharyngitis & Tonsillitis, Conjunctivitis) I infections, skin, AIDS, Dengue fever, ndocrinology Unit (Diabetes Mellitus, Hypet/Hypo-thyroidism, pituitary a. Unit Ve gland non-malignant disorders) b. Unit VIE: Oncology Unit (Types of tumors, cg. prostate cancer, breast cancer, ungs cancer) ‘ Unit 1X: Nephrology Unit (Renal failure, nephrotic syndrom) Unit (Bleeding disorders/coagulopathies/clotting diso d. Unit_X: Hematology Uni «xg thrombocytopenia, hemophilia, Vit K deficiency, Brief introduction to oncological diseases rders ‘Anteria)Paper 7 1 2, sUGG 2 Macy 7 . 2 ALPHARMACY-ID (Practica PHARMACY PRACTICE-VI (CLINIC: ‘Marks 100 jical Pharmacy Practices Clerkship in the Clinical Setting: A project Related to Clin! ‘extemal examiner. willbe completed by the students and wil be evaluated by the tation, communication, written Student are required to take/present verbal present and problem-solving skills, crtieal analysis of data and provision of care through a weekly conference and projects ‘al Pharmacy. 1°* Ed. Informa Healthcare; 2002. 1 DiPiro JT, Encyclopedia of CI Diviro IT. Pharmacotherapy, A Pathophysiologic Approach. McGraw Hill Companies, South Carolina; 2008. Gennaro AR. Remington: The science and practice of pharmacy. 21% Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011. Gourley H., Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics. 4!" Ed, William& Willkins; 1992. Greene RJ, Harris ND. . Pathology and therapeutics for pharmacists. Pharmaceutical Press; 2008. Hansen K, Parthasarathi G, Text Book of Clinical Pharmacy, 2"4 Ed, Orient Blackswan; 2008. Hansten P, Horn J. Drug interactions Analysis and Management. S' Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010. LY, Kradjan WA. : the clinical use of drugs. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Applied therape Baltimore; 2005.vantages y 106 9. Paul G..A Behavioral Approach to Pharmacy Practice, 15° Ed, Black Well; 2000, 10, Rantueei MJ, Pharmacist Talking with Patients: A Guide to Patient Counseling. 24 Ld. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006, 11. Ritschel WA, Keams GL. Handbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics: Including Clinical applications, 7" Ed, American Pharmacists Asso. ion; 2009. [Link] M, Cook S. Clinical Trials: Risk Management. 3" Ed, Churchill Levingstone; 2009, 13. Rosenbaun D. Clinieal Research Coordi 2001. 7 14 ith GDG, Aronson JK. Oxford Text Book of Clinical Pharmacology and Drug ‘Therapy. 3"4 Ed. Oxford University Press; 2002. 15, Sweetman S, Martindale: The complete drug reference. 37" Ed, Pharmaceutical Press. 201. 16. Taylor K. Harding G. Pharmacy Practice. 1S Ed. CRC Press; 2001. 17. Unschuld PU. Medicine in CI 2010. history of ideas. 24 Ed. Univ of California Press; 18, Walker R, Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics. 4" Ed. Churchill Levingstone; 2003. ow I practice. 4"" Ed, Churchill Livingstone; 2009. lield AJ, Rees J, Smith |. Pharmacet 20, Winter ME. Basie Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 5"" Ed, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 2009. 21,dine G. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy. Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science: New York 1157; 2005. ison, Inc: _[Link] (PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY) (Theory Paper 3 u Marks 100 Course Objective: ‘The students nced to learn the techniques and methods of formulation development especially . with reference to advanced formulation techniques, novel drug delivery system. Introduction of pharmaceutical bio-technology and role of pharmacist in the development of different useful biotechnological products is also important. 1. PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION AND DOSAGE FORM DESIGN: Need for dosage form; Pre-formulation Studies; Product Formulation. 2. ADVANCED GRANULATION TECHNOLOGY (DESIGN & PRACTICE): Spray Drying Granulation Technology; Roller Compaction Technology; Extrusion/Spheronization as a Granulation Technique; Single-Pot Processing Granulation Technology: Rapid Release Granulation Technique; Particle Coating by Centrifugation Granulati n Technology. 3. POLYMERS USED IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: 4. NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (DDS): Sustained/ Controlled Release Drug Delivery System 1 Microencapsulation technique Coacervation Solvent evaporation Interfacial polymerization Spray drying u Developmental aspects of Matrix and Reservoir Systems: fe 108 NOVEL GIT DRUG DELIVERY system (Ds): z : Oral Osmotic Pumps lon-Exchange Controlled DDS pll-Controlled DDS Biofmucoadhesive DDS : Floating DDS DRUG CARRIER SYSTEM: : Liposomes Niosomes 7. TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: _ Active Drug Delivery System Passive Drug Delivery System 8. PHARMAL ICAL BIOTECHNOLOG' a. Introduction to Biotechnology: Genetics/Genomics, Proteomics, Biomolecular target Identification, Pharmacogenomics, Gene therapy and Nucleic acid therapeutics. b. Techniques Used in Pharmaceutical biotechnology: PCR, DNA Sequencing, Affinity Protein Purification. Fundamentals of Genetic Engineering and its Application in Medicine 4. Pharmaceutical Recombinant therapeutic Proteins, Growth factors, Therapeutic antibodies, High-throughput screening of putative therapeutic compounds. ¢. Biotechnological aspects in the product development f. Principle, Synthesis and Application of Monoclonal Antibodies g. Immobilized Enzymes and their application in Medicine= PHARMACEUTICS-VII (PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY) (Practica) Paper 8 Marks 100 NOTE: Practical of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above ned theoretical topics and availability of the requirements, ¢.g. 1. Various techniques to develop the formulation 2. Granulation technology, 3. Study of drug delivery systems, 4. Biotechnological aspect of product development 5. In-vitro Quality Control of various dosage forms. 6. Mierol assay, 7. Particle size analysis using various methods, 8. Stability studies of Pharmaceuticals, 9. Coating of partieles and to prepare, 10. Examine and control specifications of packaging materials, SUGGESTED READINGS: 1. Allen L¥, Popovich NG, Ansel HC. Ansel's pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems. 9" Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010. 2. Ilellery AM. Drug delivery and targeting. 13°" Ed, Taylor & Francis; 2001. 3. Ammstrong NA, James KC. Understanding experimental design and interpretation in pharmaceutics. 1% Ed, Taylor & Francis Publishers; 1990, 4 Rahman AU, Igoal CM. Bioassay techniques for drug development, 1S! Ed Informa Healtheare; 2001, i i |ee : 110 >. Aulton ME. Pharmaceuti “ Science of en, 2nd Churchittivingsone por of Dosage Forms Design. 24 Eg. 6. Banker Gs ; : nker GS, Rhodes C. Modern Pharmaceutics, 4th Ed. Informa Healthcare; 2002, 7. Jain NK. in NK. Controlled and Novel Drug Delivery. 2™4 4. CBS Publishers & : Distributers; 2008, A 8 Bont empo Ji i of Bi é 1 t ntempo JA. Development of Biopharmaceutical Parenteral Dosage Forms. 15t Fd. Informa Healthcare; 1997, __9._Joseph, Robinson Controlled ivery. 2" Bd, Marcel & Dekker Inc; 1992. 10. Lewis GA, Mathieu D, Phan RTL...Pharmaceutical experimental design. 1% Ed, Informa HealthCare; 1998. % 11. Lund W. ‘The pharmaceutical Codex: principles and practice of pharmaceutics. 16!" Ed. Co CBS Publishers; 2009, 12, Mehta DK. British National Formulary (BNF). 54" Ed, Pharmaceutical Press; 2007. 13, Rathbone MJ, Hadgrafi J, Roberts MS, Lane ME, Modified Release Drug Delivery Technology. 2" Ed. Informa Health Care; 2008, 14. Ramabhadran TV. Pharmaceutical design and development: A molecular Biology Approach. 1S! Ed. Taylor & Francis; 1994. PHARMACY PRACTICE-VII (FORENSIC PHARMACY) (Theory) | Papers Marks 100 | Course Objective: Study of this subject shall enable the manulacturing and sale of drugs in Pakistan, {ihe students should know about the laws and regard procedures Registration and sale of drugs, establishment of retail, wholesale andWeave Ve \a10%= v were ey : controlled, poisonous an distribution set ups. Knowledge of Rules and legislation about controlled, p dangerous drugs has also to be given Pharmacist, History of . 1 AL INTRODUCTION: Forensic Pharmacy & Forensic Pharmacist, a + SERMAAL INTRODUCTION: " ic tional Drug Drug Legislation and Pharmacy Profession in Pakistan, National Health Policy, Natio € Poli ‘| ing, Dru; ential Drugs, Prescription handling at Retail level and Record keeping, Drug Control Administration at Federal and Provincial level, st- 2, ROLE OF FORENSIC PHARMACIST: Forensic drug Measurement, Po: mortem redistribution (PMR), Medication errors, prescription forgery, product tampering, Insurance faud, Use “of drugs or aleohol in ear accidents or violent actions, Legal ‘and illegal pharmaceutical evidence in eriminal investigations, use of abused drugs in the ‘workplace, professional malpractice, quackery and health care fraud: 3. PHARMACEUTICAL ETHICS: Patents and Generics, Ethics in Sale,” Ethics in PHARMACEUTICAL ETHICS: Industry, Ethies in Research, 4. STUDY OF DRUG LAWs: STUDY OF DRUG LAWS: & ‘The Drugs Act 1976 and rules framed there under. b. Provincial Drug Rules (Respective Drug Rules will be taught in the relevant provinee), ©. Advertisement rules, 4. Other Related rules and Legal aspects, 5. THE PHARMACY ACT 1967; TUE PHARMACY ACT 1967; 6 CONTROL OF NARCOTICS SUBSTANCES Act 1997: Laws relating 10 Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, 7. ‘THE POISONS ACT 1919: TIE POISONS ACT 1919; 8. THE FACTORIES ACT 934: HIE FACTORIES ACT 934; 9% SHO) Ss AMD ESTABLISIIMENTS ORDINANCE 1969 WiTH KE1, Control of Narcotics Substances Act; 1997. Hussain RZ. The Manual of Drug Laws in Pakistan, Irfan Law Book House; 2003. 3. Kokate CK, Gokhale SB. Textbook of Forensie Pharmacy. 5!” Ed. Edward Amold; 1959, 4. Shop and Establishment Ordinance; 1969. 5. ‘The Factory Law; 1934. 6. The Pharmacy Act; 1967.7. The Poisons Act; 1919 PHRAMACY PRACTICE-VIII (PHARMACEUTICAL MANAGEMENT & MARKETING) (Theory) : Paper 5 Marks 100 Course Objective: Pharmaceutical marketing and management enables the students to learn about different principles of management and marketing. ‘This prepares the students as how to manage different tasks. planning of objectives, how to manage long term and short term targets in industry, marketi and retail set-ups, strategies to accomplish different goals and management of diferent tasks within a specified period of time. 1, MANAGEMENT & MARKETING: a. Nature and Principles of Management. b. ‘Types and Functions of Managers: ¢. Planning: Purpose and types of Planning, Steps in Planning d. Organizing:Arent of il i Forms the Control Process, b. Management Control Systems: Purpose, Steps in ee operations control. Requirements for adequate control, Critical standards, © Motivation: 4. Innovation and Creativit © Principals of Marketing: £ Product Management: & Marketing Research: * PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT: Material Management, Planning of production, Batch record maintenance, 3. MARI ING MANAGEMEN’ cal consideration of Pharmaceutical Marketing b. Difference between Pharmaceutical Marketing and Consumer Marketing © Major stakeholders within pharmaceutical market environment, . 4. Marketing Research (Process and Methodology) ¢ Market Analysis Techniques 3Cs (Customer analysis, Company analysis, competitors analysis) {Evaluating the marketing performance (audit tools and audit process) 8. Designing sales force structure, sales force size and sales quota h. Marketing channels, Promotion and Advertising and Salesmanship, 4. SALES MANAGEMENT: Personnel, Buying, Receiving, Pricing, Sales promotion and Customer Services. BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: General principles, strategies, short and long-term planning and objectives.- * Back! suGi STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS AND GLOBAL MEETINGS; wound information on groups, purpose and kinds of meetings, solving problems in Ahmad M, Bukhari NI. Pharmaceutical Management and Marketing. 1° Ed. Tariq Academy; 2002. Ed. Lea & . Principles & Mcthods of Pharmacy Management, 3° 986. Harry Febig Herta MA, Herbert HW, Jeans TP. Effective Business Communication. 8'" Ed, 2009. Lidstone J, MacLennan J. Marketing planning for the pharmaccutical industry. 2% Ea. Gower Pub Co; 1999. . Patrick TC, Pedro LJ. Pharmacy Management for students and practitioners, 2"4 Ed, Mosby Publishers; 1979.