Solution

TRIGNOMETRY

Class 10 - Mathematics

1.
(b) cos y
Explanation: Given expression can be written as

1 + cos y − sin 2 y ( 1 − cos y ) − sin

2 2 y

1 + cos y
+ sin y ( 1 − cos y )
cos y ( 1 + cos y ) 1−1
= 1 + cos y
+ sin y ( 1 − cos y )
= cos y + 0 = cos y
2.

tre
(b) Unequal
Explanation: Given, ABC is a right angled triangle.
So, the sum of the angles of a triangle is 180o.

en
∴ A + B + C = 180o ...(i)
( )
( ) [ ]
A − 180 ∘ − A
A−B−C

gC
Now, tan 2
= tan 2
[from Eq. (i)]

= tan
( )
2A − 180 ∘
2
= tan (A - 90o)
hin
= tan [- (90o - A)]
= -tan (90o - A) [ ∵ tan (-θ) = - tan θ]
= -cot A [ ∵ (90o - A) = cot A] ...(ii)
ac

( ) ( ( 180 )
)
∘
−C−C
A+B−C
and - tan 2
= − tan 2
[from Eq. (i)]
Co

= -tan(90o - C) = cot C ...(iii)

From Eq. (ii) and Eq. (iii), we get

tan
( A−B−C
2 ) ≠ - tan
( A+B−C
2 )
ini

3.
(c) 1
Explanation: We have, sin θ + sin2 θ = 1
Sa

⇒ sin θ = 1 - sin2 θ
⇒ sin θ = cos2 θ [ ∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]
∴ cos12 θ + 3 cos10 θ + 3 cos8 θ + cos6 θ + 2 cos4 θ + 2 cos2 θ - 2
= (cos12 θ + 3 cos10 θ + 3 cos8 θ + cos6 θ) + 2(cos4 θ + cos2 θ - 1)
= (cos4 θ)3 + 3 cos6 θ (cos4 θ + cos2 θ) + (cos2 θ)3 + 2(cos4 θ + cos2 θ - 1)
= (cos4 θ + cos2 θ)3 + 2 (cos4 θ + cos2 θ - 1) [ ∵ (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab (a + b)]
= (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)3 + 2(sin2 θ + cos2 θ - 1) [ ∵ cos2 θ = sin θ ⇒ cos4 θ = sin2 θ]
= (1)3 + 2(1 - 1) = 1 [ ∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]
4.
(d) sin2 θ cos2 θ
Explanation: Given, Tn = sinn θ - cosn θ ...(i)

1 / 22
 T3 − T5 sin 3 θ + cos 3 θ − sin 5 θ − cos 5 θ
Now, = [from Eq. (i)]
T1 sin θ + cos θ
sin 3 θ − sin 5 θ + cos 3 θ − cos 5 θ
=
( sin θ + cos θ )

(
sin θ 1 − sin 2 θ + cos 3 θ
3
) ( ) ( 1 − cos θ )2

= sin θ + cos θ
sin 3 θcos 2 θ + cos 3 θsin 2 θ
= ( sin θ + cos θ )
[ ∵ sin2 A + cos A = 1]
sin 2 θcos 2 θ ( sin θ + cos θ )
=
sin θ + cos θ

= sin2 θ cos2 θ
5.
(c) (aq - bp)2
Explanation: We have,

tre
a sec θ + b tan θ + c = 0
and p sec θ + q tan θ + r = 0
On solving these two equations for sec θ and tan θ by cross-multiplication, we get
sec θ tan θ 1

en
br − qc
= cp − ar
=
aq − bp
br − cq cp − ar
⇒ sec θ = and tan θ =
aq − bp aq − bp

gC
Now, sec2 θ - tan2 θ = 1

⇒
( ) ( )
br − cq
aq − bp
2
-
cp − ar
aq − bp
2
=1

⇒ (br - cq)2 - (cp - ar)2 = (aq - bp)2

hin
6.
(b) ≥ 2
Explanation: Given, f(x) = cos2 x + sec2 x = cos2 x + sec2 x - 2 + 2 [adding and subtracting 2]
ac

= cos2 x + sec2 x - 2 cos x ⋅ sec x + 2 [ ∵ cos x ⋅ sec x = 1]

= (cos x - sec x)2 + 2[ ∵ a2 + b2 - 2ab = (a - b)2]
We know that square of any equation is always greater than equal to zero.
Co

∴ f(x) ≥ 2

25
7. (a) 13
Explanation: In right angled △ABC,
ini

AC2 = BC2 + AB2 [by using Pythagoras theorem]

⇒ AC2 - AB2 = BC2
Sa

⇒ (AC + AB) (AC - AB) = (5)2

⇒ (AC + AB)(1) = 25 [ ∵ AC - AB = 1 cm, given]
⇒ AC + AB = 25 and AC - AB = 1
On solving above equations, we get
AC = 13 and, AB = 12
AB 12
Now, in △ABC, sin C = AC
= 13
cos 2 C 1 − sin 2 C ( 1 − sin C ) ( 1 + sin C )
∴
1 − sin C
= 1 − sin C
= 1 − sin C
12 13 + 12 25
= 1 + sin C = 1 + 13
= 13
= 13

2 / 22
 8.
(c) ± 1
Explanation: We have, (sec A + tan A) (sec B + tan B) (sec C + tan C)
= (sec A - tan A) (sec B - tan B) (sec C - tan C)
On multiplying both sides by
(sec A - tan A) (sec B - tan B) (sec C - tan C), we get
(sec A + tan A) (sec B + tan B) (sec C + tan C) × (sec A - tan A) (sec B - tan B)(sec C - tan C)
= (sec A - tan A)2 (sec B - tan B)2 (sec C - tan C)2
⇒ (sec2 A - tan2 A)(sec2 B - tan2 B)(sec2 C - tan2 C)
= (sec A - tan A)2 (sec B - tan B)2 (sec C - tan C)2
⇒ 1 × 1 × 1 = [(sec A - tan A) (sec B - tan B) (sec C - tan C)]2 [ ∵ sec2 θ - tan2 θ = 1]
⇒ (sec A - tan A)(sec B - tan B) (sec C - tan C) = ± 1
9. (a) 1

tre
Explanation: We have, cosec θ - sin θ = x3
1
⇒
sin θ
- sin θ = x3
1 − sin 2 θ cos 2 θ

en
⇒
sin θ
= x3 ⇒
sin θ
= x3 ...(i)

and sec θ - cos θ = y3 ...(ii)

1 − cos 2 θ sin 2 θ

gC
⇒
cos θ
= y3 ⇒
cos θ
= y3
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
sin 2 θ
y3 cos θ
=
x3 cos 2 θ
hin
sin θ
y3 sin 3 θ
⇒ =
x3 cos 3 θ
y3 y
⇒ tan3θ = ⇒ tan θ =
ac

x3 x
y x tan θ 1
∴ sin θ = and cos θ = [ ∵ sin θ = and cos θ = ]
√x 2 + y 2 √x 2 + y 2 √1 + tan 2 θ √1 + tan 2 θ
Co

Now, putting the values of sin θ and cos θ in Eq. (i), we get
x2

(√ x2 + y2 ) 2

x3 = y
ini

√x 2 + y 2
⇒
√
x 3y x 2 + y 2 = x2 ⇒
√
xy x 2 + y 2 = 1

⇒ x2y2 (x2 + y2) = 1 [squaring on both sides]

Sa

10.
(c) 0
Explanation: Since, sin α and cos α are the roots of the equation
px2 + qx + r = 0
p
∴ sin α + cos α = − q

and p sin2 α + q sin α + r = 0 ...(i)

or p cos2 α + q cos α + r = 0 ...(ii)
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
p(sin2 α + cos2 α) + q(sin α + cos α) + 2r = 0

⇒ p+q −
( ) q
p
+ 2r = 0 [ ∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]

⇒ p2 - q2 + 2 rp = 0

3 / 22
 1

[ ]
sec A − 1 ( cos A ) − 1 1
11. LHS = sec A + 1
= 1 ∵ secA = cos A
( cos A ) + 1
1 − cos A cos A
= cos A
× 1 + cos A
1 − cos A
= 1 + cos A
= RH
Hence proved.
sin A
12. 1 + cos A
= cosec A - cot A
RHS = cosec A - cot A
1 cos A
= sin A
−
sin A
( 1 − cos A ) ( 1 + cos A )
= ( sin A ) × ( 1 + cos A )
[Multiplying Nr. & Dr. by (1 + cos A)]
1 − cos 2 A
= sin A ( 1 + cos A )
[Using, (a + b)(a - b) = a2 - b2]

e
sin 2 A
=

ntr
sin A ( 1 + cos A )
sin A
= 1 + cos A
= LHS

Ce
Hence proved
13. 7sin2A + 3 cos2A = 4, find tan A
⇒ 7 sin2 A + 3 cos2 A = 4
⇒ 4 sin2 A + 3 sin2 A + 3 cos2 A = 4
ing
⇒ 4 sin2 A + 3(sin2 A + cos2 A) = 4
⇒ 4 sin2A + 3(1) = 4
⇒ 4 sin2A = 4 - 3
1
h
⇒ sin2 A = 4
ac

1
⇒ Sin A = 2

A = 30o
Co

Now tan A
1
= tan (30o) = Proved
√3

14. i. We have, (1 + tan2 A) + 1 +

( 1

)
ini

tan 2 A

1
= sec2 A + (1 + cot2 A) [ ∵ 1 + tan2 A = sec2 A, tan A
= cot A]
Sa

= sec2 A + cosec2 A [ ∵ 1 + cot2 A = cosec2 A]

1 1 sin 2 A + cos 2 A 1 1
= 2 + 2 = 2 2 [ ∵ sec A = cos A
, cosec A = sin A
]
cos A sin A cos Asin A
1
= [ ∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]
cos 2 Asin 2 A
1
=
( 1 − sin A ) sin
2 2 A
1
=
sin 2 A − sin 4 A

tan A + sec A − 1 (
tan A + sec A − sec 2 A − tan 2 A )
ii. We have, tan A − sec A + 1
=
tan A − sec A + 1
[ ∵ sec2 A - tan2 A = 1]
( tan A + sec A ) − ( sec A + tan A ) ( sec A − tan A )
= tan A − sec A + 1
[ ∵ a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b)]
( tan A + sec A ) ( 1 − sec A + tan A )
=
tan A − sec A + 1
= tan A + sec A

4 / 22
 sin A 1 sin A 1
= cos A
+
cos A
[ ∵ tan A = cos A
, sec A = cos A
]
sin A + 1 sin A + 1
= = [ ∵ cos2θ = 1 - sin2θ]
cos A
√ 1 − sin 2 A

15. tan θ + cot(30o + θ)

⇒ cot(90 - θ) = cot(30o + θ) { ∵ cot(90 - θ) = tan θ}
⇒ 90 - θ = 30 + θ
⇒ 2θ = 120
⇒ θ = 60o
15
16. if cot θ = 9
, find
( 2 + 2sin θ ) ( 1 − sin θ )
( 1 + cos θ ) ( 2 − 2cos θ )
2 ( 1 + sin θ ) ( 1 − sin θ )
= ( 1 + cos θ ) 2 ( 1 − cos θ )

tre
1 − sin 2 θ
=
1 − cos 2 θ
cos 2 θ
=
sin 2 θ

en
= cot2θ

=
() 15 2

gC
9
225
= 81
4
17. 7 tan θ = 4 ⇒ tanθ = 7
...(i)
hin
7sin θ − 3cos θ
7sin θ + 3cos θ

Dividing Nr and Dr by cosθ

7sin θ − 3cos θ
cos θ
ac

7sin θ + 3cos θ
cos θ
7tan θ − 3
7tan θ + 3
Co

7×
()4
7 −3

(by using (i))

7× ()4
7 +3
ini

1
= 7
A B+c
18. Show that sin 2 2 + sin 2 2
=1
Sa

A + B + C = 180o {angle sum property of a △}

1 1
2
(A+B+C) = 2
× 180
A B+C
+ = 90
2 2
A B+c
2
= 90 − 2
...(i)
LHS:
A B+C
sin 2 2 + sin 2 2

(
sin 2 90 −
B+C
2 ) + sin 2
B+C
2
{using (i)}

= cos 2 ( ) ( )
B+C
2
+ sin 2
B+C
2

5 / 22
 1 = RHS { ∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1}
Hence proved​​.
19. (1 + cot θ - cosec θ) (1 + tan θ + sec θ) = 2
L.H.S.
= (1 + cot θ - cosec θ) (1 + tan θ + sec θ)

= 1+
( cos θ
sin θ
−
1
sin θ )( 1+
sin θ
cos θ
+
1
cos θ )
=
( sin θ + cos θ − 1
sin θ )( cos θ + sin θ + 1
cos θ )
1
= sin θcos θ [(sinθ + cosθ) 2 − 12 ]
1
= sin θcos θ
[sin2θ + cos2θ + 2sin θ cos θ - 1]
1

e
= sin θcos θ
(1 + 2 sin θ cos θ - 1)
2sin θcos θ

ntr
= sin θcos θ
= 2​​

sin θ − 2sin 3 θ ( ) sin θ 1 − 2sin 2 θ

Ce
20. LHS = =
2cos 3
cos θ ( 2cos θ − 1 )
θ − cos θ 2

sin θ ( sin θ + cos θ − 2sin θ )

2 2 2

= [ 1 = sin2θ + cos2θ] ∵

cos θ [ 2cos θ − ( sin θ + cos θ ) ]

2 2 2
ing
sin θ ( cos θ − sin θ )
2 2

=
cos θ [ cos θ − sin θ ]
2 2
h
= tan θ = RHS.
Hence proved
ac

12 1 5
21. Given, tan A = 5
⇒ cot A = tan A
= 12

()12 2 25 + 144 169

Co

Now, sec2A = 1 + tan2A = 1 + 5

= 25
= 25
13
⇒ sec A = 5
[taking positive square root]
1 5
∴ cos A = sec A
= 13
,
ini

sin A 12 5 12
sin A = ⋅ cosA = tan A cos A = × = ,
cos A 5 13 13
1 13
cosec A = sin A
= 12
Sa

12 5 5 13 13
Hence, sin A = 13
, cos A = 13
, cot A = 12
, sec A = 5
, cosec A = 12
.
cos A sin A 1
cos A − sin A + 1 sin A − sin A + sin A
22. LHS = cos A + sin A − 1
= cos A sin A 1 [dividing of numerator and denominator by sin A]
sin A + sin A − sin A
cot A − 1 + cosec A cos A 1
= cot A + 1 − cosec A
[ ∵
sin A
= cot A and sin A
= cosec A]

cot A + cosec A − 1 (
( cot A + cosec A ) − cosec 2 A − cot 2 A )
= cot A + 1 − cosec A
=cot A + 1 − cosec A
[ ∵ 1 = cosec2 A - cot2 A]
( cot A + cosec A ) − [ ( cosec A + cot A ) ( cosec A − cot A ) ]
= cot A + 1 − cosec A
[ ∵ a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b)]
( cot A + cosec A ) [ 1 − ( cosec A − cot A ) ]
= cot A + 1 − cosec A
( cot A + cosec A ) ( 1 − cosec A + cot A )
= ( cot A + 1 − cosec A )
= cot A + cosec A = RHS

6 / 22
 sin 4 θ + cos 4 θ
23. Prove that =1
1 − 2sin 2 θ ⋅ cos 2 θ
LHS
sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ
=
1 − 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ

( sin θ ) + ( cos θ )
2 2 2 2

=
1 − 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ

( sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ ) 2
− 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ
= { ∵ a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 - 2ab}
1 − 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ
( 1 ) − 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ
2
= { ∵ sin2θ + cos2θ = 1}
1 − 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ
1 − 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ
=
1 − 2sin 2 θcos 2 θ
= 1 = RHS Proved​​

tre
1 1
24. tanθ + = 2, find cot 2θ +
tan θ cot 2 θ
1
tanθ + tan θ
=2

en
Squaring both sides

(tanθ +
1
tan θ ) 2
= (2)2

⇒
tan 2θ +

tan 2θ +
1
cot 2θ
1
tan 2 θ

+ cot 2θ = 2
+2=4

=4-2 gC
hin
⇒
cot 2 θ
1
Hence, cot 2θ + = 2​​
cot 2 θ
cos θ − sin θ 1 − √3
25. =
ac

cos θ + sin θ 1 + √3

Dividing Nr and
Dr of LHS with cosθ
cosθ − sinθ
Co

cosθ 1 − √3
⇒ =
cosθ + sinθ 1 + √3

cosθ
1 − tan θ 1 − √3
ini

⇒
1 + tan θ
=
1 + √3

On comparing L.H.S. and R.H.S. we get

tan θ = √3
Sa

∴ θ = 60o
26. 2sin2 θ - cos2 θ = 2
-cos2θ = 2 - 2sin2θ
-cos2θ = 2(1 - sin2θ)
-cos2θ = 2cos2θ
2cos2θ + cos2θ = 0
3cos2θ = 0
cos2θ = 0
θ = 90o or 270o
But θ is in 1st quadrant
So, θ = 90o

7 / 22
 sec A + tan A cosec A − 1
27.
√ sec A − tan A
⋅

√ cosec A + 1
=1

on doing Rationalization of LHS

sec A + tan A cosecA − 1
=
√ sec A − tan A
⋅

√ cosecA + 1

( sec Atan A ) ( sec A + tan A ) ( cosecA − 1 ( cosecA − 1 ) )

=
√ ( sec A − tan A ) ( sec A + tan A )
⋅

√ ( cosecA + 1 ) ( cosecA − 1 )

( sec A + tan A ) 2 ( cosec A − 1 ) 2

=
√ sec 2 A − tan 2 A
⋅

√
( cosecA − 1 )
cosec 2 A − 1

= (secA + tanA) ⋅ cot A

1

( )
1 sin A sin A −1
+

tre
⋅
cos A cos A
( ) cos A
sin A

( 1 + sin A
)( 1 − sin A
) sin A

en
⇒ ×
cos A sin A cos A

( 1 − sin A ) sin A
2

=
( cos A ) sin A
gC
2

cos 2 A
=
cos 2 A
= 1 = RHS Proved​​
hin
1 cos 2 θ 1 + sin θ − cos 2 θ
28. LHS = 1
− 1 + sin θ
= 1 + sin θ
1 + sin θ − ( 1 − sin 2 θ )
= 1 + sin θ
ac

1 + sin θ − 1 + sin 2 θ
= 1 + sin θ
sin θ ( 1 + sin θ )
=
Co

( 1 + sin θ )
= sin θ
= RHS
Hence Proved
29. 4 cos2θ = 3 (Given)
ini

3
cos 2θ = 4
3
cosθ =
√ 4
Sa

√3
cosθ = 2

θ= o -30o
30 or
But θ is in 1st quadrant
So, θ = 30o
30. Given, 1 + sin2 θ = 3 sin θ cos θ
On dividing both sides by cos2 θ, we get
1 sin 2 θ sin θcos θ
+ =3
cos 2 θ cos 2 θ cos 2 θ

⇒ sec3 θ + tan2 θ = 3tan θ

⇒ (1 + tan2 θ) + tan2 θ = 3tan θ [ ∵ sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A]
⇒ 2 tan2 θ - 3 tan θ + 1 = 0

8 / 22
 ⇒ 2 tan2 θ - 2 tan θ - tan θ + 1 = 0 [by factorisation method]
⇒ 2 tan θ (tan θ - 1) - 1(tan θ - 1) = 0
⇒ (tan θ - 1) (2tan θ - 1) = 0
⇒ tan θ - 1 = 0 or 2 tan θ - 1 = 0
1
⇒ tan θ = 1 or tan θ =
2

31. i. LHS = (cosec θ - cot θ)2

= ( 1
sin θ
−
cos θ 2
sin θ ) [ ∵ cosec θ =
1
sin θ
, cot θ =
cos θ
sin θ
]

= ( 1 − cos θ 2
sin θ ) =
( 1 − cos θ ) 2
sin 2 θ
=
( 1 − cos θ ) 2
1 − cos 2 θ
[ ∵ sin2θ = 1 - cos2θ]
( 1 − cos θ ) ( 1 − cos θ )
= ( 1 + cos θ ) ( 1 − cos θ )
[ ∵ a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b)]
1 − cos θ

tre
= 1 + cos θ
= RHS
Hence proved.
cos A 1 + sin A cos 2 A + ( 1 + sin A ) 2
ii. LHS = + =

en
1 + sin A cos A ( 1 + sin A ) cos A
cos 2 A + sin 2 A + 1 + 2sin A
= [ ∵ (a + b2) = a2 + b2 + 2ab]
( 1 + sin A ) cos A
1 + 1 + 2sin A
= [ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]

gC
∵
( 1 + sin A ) cos A
2 + 2sin A 2 ( 1 + sin A )
= ( 1 + sin A ) cos A
= ( 1 + sin A ) cos A
2 1
= cos A
= 2sec A [ ∵
cos A
= sec A]
= RHS
hin
Hence proved.
32. L.H.S.
= p2 - q2
ac

= (m cos θ + n cot θ) - (m cot θ + n cosec θ)2

= m2 cosec2θ + n2 cot2θ + 2 mn cosecθ cot θ - {m2 cot2θ + n2 cosec2θ + 2 mn cot θ cosec θ}
Co

= m2 cosec2θ - m2 cot2θ + n2 cot2θ - n2 cosec2θ

= m2(cosec2θ - cot2θ) - n2(cosec2θ - cot2θ)
= (cosec2θ - cot2θ) (m2 - n2)
= (1) (m2 - n2)
ini

= (m2 - n2) = R.H.S.

​Hence proved.
1 1 1 1
33. − = −
Sa

( sec x − tan x ) cos x cos x sec x + tan x

LHS
1 ( sec x + tan x ) 1
sec x − tan x
×
( sec x + tan x )
− cos x
sec x + tan x 1
= −
sec 2 x − tan 2 x cos x

= sec x + tan x - sec x { ∵ sec2x + tan2x = 1}

= tan x
Now, RHS
1 1 ( sec x − tan x )
− ×
cos x ( sec x + tan x ) ( sec x − tan x )
sec x + tan x
= secx −
sec 2 x − tan 2 x
= sec x - sec x + tan x
= tan x ∴ LHS = RHS Proved

9 / 22
 sin θ
34. i. 1 − cos θ
= cosec θ + cot θ
Taking L.H.S.
sin θ
1 − cos θ
on doing rationalization
sin θ 1 + cos θ
= 1 − cos θ
×
1 + cos θ
sin θ ( 1 + cos θ )
=
( 1 − cos θ ) 2

sin θ ( 1 + cos θ )
=
sin 2 θ
1 + cos θ
= sin θ
= cosec θ + cot θ = RHS
ii. (cosec A - sin A) (sec A - cos A) sec2 A = tan A

tre
LHS

=
( 1
sin A
− sinA
)( 1
cos A
− cosA
) 1
cos 2 A

en
cos 2 A sin 2 A 1
= ⋅ ⋅
sin A cos A cos 2 A
sin A

gC
= cos A
= tan A = RHS Proved​​

35. if cos A + cos2 A = 1 find sin2 A + sin4 A

= sin2 A + sin2 A
hin
= sin2A(1 + sin2 A)
sin2 A(1 + 1 - cos2 A) { ∵ sin2A + cos2A = 1}
= (1 - cos2 A) (1 + cos A) {cos A + cos2A = 1} Given
ac

= cos A(1 + cos A)

= cos A + cos2A
= 1​​
Co

cos α
36. m = cos β
cos 2 α
m2 =
cos 2 β
cos α
ini

n= sin β
cos 2 α
n2 =
sin 2 β
Sa

LHS:
= (m2 + n2) cos2 α

( cos 2 α
cos 2 β
+
cos 2 α
sin 2 β ) cos 2α

=
( cos 2 αsin 2 β + cos 2 αcos 2 β
cos 2 βsin 2 β ) cos 2α

( sin 2
)
β + cos 2 β cos 2 α cos 2 α ( )
=
cos 2 βsin 2 β

(1) ( cos 2 α )( cos 2 α )

=
cos 2 βsin 2 β
2
cos α
=
cos 2 βsin 2 β

10 / 22
 RHS:
cos 2 α cos 2 α
m2n2 = ×
cos 2 β sin 2 β
cos 2 α
= ∴ LHS = RHS
cos 2 βsin 2 β

Hence (m2 + n2)cos α = m2n2

Hence proved.

37.

tre
(AB)2 = (AC)2 - (BC)2
= 625 - 576
AB = √49

en
AB = 7
AC 25 7
secθ = BC
= 24
and tanθ = 24

gC
i. sec2θ + tan2 θ

() ()
25
29
625
2
+

49
7
29
2

625 + 49 674
+ = = 1.17
hin
⇒ ⇒
576 576 576 576

i.e. sec2θ + tan2θ = 1.17

25
ii. cosec θ = 7

{
ac

24
cotθ = 7
625
cosec2θ = 576
49
Co

cot 2θ = 49

cosec2θ - cot2θ
625 576
= −
ini

49 49
625 − 576
= 49
= 1​​
Sa

38.
1
x ( sin 2 5 ∘ + sin 2 85
cos 2 5 ∘
+ cos 2 85 ) −
3
4
=1

1
x ( sin 2 5 ∘ + sin 2 ( 50 − 5 )
2
cos 5 + cos ( 90 − 5 )
∘ 4
) 3
4
=1

1
x

1
( sin 2 5 ∘ + cos 2 5 ∘
cos 2

3
5 + sin
∘ ∘
) −
3
4
=1

− =1
x 4
1 3
x
=1+ 4
1 7
x
= 4
4
x= 7

11 / 22
39. cos 80o cosec 10o + 2 sin 59o sec 31o
= cos 80o cosec (90 - 8) + 2 sin 59o (90 - 59)
= cos 80 sec 80 + 2 sin 59 cosec 59
=1+2
= 3​​
40. i. LHS = (sec A - sin A) (cosec A + cos A)

=
( 1
cos A
− sinA
)( sin A
1
+ cosA
)
=
( 1 − sin Acos A
cos A )( 1 + sin Acos A
sin A )
( 1 − sin 2 Acos 2 A )
= [ ∵ (a - b)(a + b) = a2 - b2]
sin Acos A

tre
sin 2 A + cos 2 A − sin 2 Acos 2 A
= sin Acos A
[ ∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]
sin 2 A − sin 2 Acos 2 A + cos 2 A
= sin Acos A

en
sin 2 (
A 1 − cos 2 A + cos 2 A )
=
sin Acos A
sin 2 Asin 2 A + cos 2 A sin 4 A + cos 2 A

gC
= =
sin Acos A sin Acos A
sin 4 A cos 2 A sin 3 A cos A
= + = +
sin Acos A sin Acos A cos A sin A
sin A
= sin 2A ⋅ cos A + cot A
hin
= sin2 A ⋅ tan A + cot A = RHS
Hence proved.
ii. LHS = (1 + cot A + tan A) (sin A - cos A)

( cos A sin A
)
ac

= 1+ + (sin A - cos A)
sin A cos A

( sin Acos A + cos 2 A + sin 2 A

)
Co

= sin Acos A
(sin A - cos A)

(
( sin A − cos A ) sin 2 A + cos 2 A + sin Acos A )
= sin Acos A
sin 3 A − cos 3 A
ini

= sin Acos A
[ ∵ (a - b)(a2 + b2 + ab) = a3 - b3] ...(i)
1 1
sec A cosec A cos A sin A
and RHS = − = -
cosec 2 A sec 2 A 1 1
Sa

2
sin A cos 2 A
sin 2 A cos 2 A sin 3 A − cos 3 A
= − = ...(ii)
cos A sin A cos Asin A
From Eqs. (i) and (ii),
LHS = RHS
Hence proved.
41. if A + B = 90o
sin 2 B

√
tan Atan B + tan Acot B
Prove that − = tan A
sin Asec B cos 2 A

∵ A + B = 90o
B = 90 - Ao
Taking LHS and replacing angle B by 90 - A

12 / 22
 sin 2 ( 90 − A )

√
tan Atan ( 90 − A ) + tan Acot ( 90 − A )
= −
sin Asec ( 90 − A ) cos 2 A

tan A ⋅ cot A + tan A ⋅ tan A cos 2 A

=
√ sin Acosec A
−
cos 2 A

1 + tan 2 A
=
√ 1
−1

= √tan 2A
= tan A = RHS Proved
42. Given, a cos θ - b sin θ = x ...(i)
and a sin θ + b cos θ = y ...(ii)
On adding the squares of Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
x2 + y2 = (a cos θ - b sin θ)2 + (a sin θ + b cos θ)2

tre
⇒ x2 + y2 = a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ - 2ab cos θ sin θ + a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ [ ∴ (a ± b)2 = a2 + b2 ± 2ab]
⇒ x2 + y2 = a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ + a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ

en
⇒ x2 + y2 = a2 (cos2 θ + sin2 θ)+ b2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)
⇒ x2 + y2 = a2 + b2 [ ∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]
Hence proved.
43. α + β = 90 ∘
β = 90 - α
LHS
√cosαcosecβ − cosαsinβ
gC
hin
= √cosαcosec(90 − α) − cosαsin(90 − α)
= √cosαsecα − cosαcosα
= √1 − cos 2α
ac

= √sin 2α
= sin α = RHS
Co

​Hence proved.
44. sin2 34o + sin2 56o + 2 tan 18o tan 72o - cos2 30o
= sin2 34o + sin2(90 - 34) + 2 tan 18o tan (90 - 18) - cos2 30o
= sin2 34 + cos2 34 + 2tan 18 cot 18 - cos2 30
ini

() √3 2
=1+2− 2

3
Sa

=1+2− 4
4+8−3
= 4
9
= 4
​

45. (tan θ + 2) (2 tanθ + 1) = 5 tanθ + 2sec2 θ

LHS
= (tanθ + 2)(2 tanθ + 1)
= 2 tan2θ + 4 tan θ + tan θ + 2
= 5 tanθ + 2 + 2 tan2θ
= 5 tanθ + 2(1 + tan2θ)
= 5 tanθ + 2 sec2θ
​Henced proved.

13 / 22
 tan 36 ∘
46. cos2 26o + cos64o sin26o +
cot 54 ∘
tan ( 26 − 54 )
= cos2 26o + cos(90o - 26o) sin 26o +
cot 54 ∘
cot 54
= cos2 26o + sin 26o(sin 26o) + cot 54

= cos2 26 + sin2 26 +1
=1+1
= 2​​
cot ( 90 ∘
− θ sin ) ( 90 ∘
−θ ) cot 40 ∘
47. sin θ
+ - (cos2 20o + cos2 70o)
tan 50 ∘
tan θcos θ cot ( 90 − 50 )
= + - (cos2 (90 - 70) + cos 70)
sin θ tan 50
tan 50
= tan θ ⋅ cot θ + tan 50
- (sin2 70 + cos2 70)
=1+1-1

tre
=1
48. 2sin θ - 1 = 0
prove that secθ + tanθ = √3

en
2sinθ - 1= 0
1
sinθ = 2

Now
θ = 30o

Taking LHS
secθ + tanθ
gC
hin
= sec 30o + tan 30o {putting θ = 30o in this, we get}
2 1
= +
√3 √3
2+1
ac

⇒
√3
3
⇒
√3
Co

⇒ √3 = RHS Proved
1
1 + tan 2 θ sec 2 θ cos 2 θ
49. i. We have, = =
1 + cot 2 θ cosec 2 θ 1
sin 2 θ
ini

=
cos θ
1
2 ×
sin 2 θ
1
=
( ) sin θ
cos θ
2
= tan2 θ

( )( )
Sa

sin θ 2 cos θ − sin θ

( )
1 − tan θ 2 1 − cos θ cos θ
Also, 1 − cot θ
= cos θ = sin θ − cos θ
1 − sin θ sin θ

= ( −
sin θ − cos θ
cos θ
×
sin θ
sin θ − cos θ ) ( 2
= −
sin θ
cos θ ) 2

= (- tan θ)2 = tan2 θ

∴
1 + tan 2 θ
1 + cot 2 θ
= ( 1 − tan θ
1 − cot θ ) 2
= tan2 θ

Hence proved.
ii. LHS = sin6 θ + cos6 θ + 3sin2 θ cos2 θ
= (sin2 θ)3 + (cos2 θ)3 + 3sin2 θ cos2 θ

14 / 22
 = (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)3 - 3sin2 θ cos2 θ (sin2 θ + cos2 θ) + 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ [ ∵ a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 - 3ab (a + b)]
= (13) - 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ (1) + 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ [ ∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]
= 1 - 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ + 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ = 1 = RHS
Hence proved.
cos A
50. 1 + sin A
+ tan A = sec A
cos A sin A
LHS = 1 + sin A
+
cos A
cos 2 A + sin A ( 1 + sin A )
= cos A ( 1 + sin A )
cos 2 A + sin 2 A + sin A
= cos A ( 1 + sin A )
1 + sin A
= ( ∵ sin2A + cos2A = 1)
cos A ( 1 + sin A )
1
= cos A
= sec A

tre
= RHS
Hence Proved
1
51. sin θ =

en
∵
2

∴ θ = 30o
Now, Putting the value of θ in the LHS of the equation we get

gC
LHS
3 cosθ - 4 cos3θ
= 3cos 30o - 4 cos3 30o

() ( )
√3 √3 3
hin
=3 2
−4 2

3√ 3 12√3
= 2
− 8
3√ 3 3√ 3
ac

= 2
− 2
= 0 = RHS Proved
Co

sec A + tan A cosec A − cot A

52. i. = is true,
cosec A + cot A sec A − tan A
if (sec A + tan A)(sec A - tan A) = (cosec A + cot A) (cosec A - cot A) is true
i.e. if sec2 A - tan2 A = cosec2 A - cot2 A is true
i.e. if (1 + tan2 A) - tan2 A = (1 + cot2 A) - cot2 A is true
ini

i.e. if 1 = 1 is true, which is true.

sin A cos A
tan A cot A cos A sin A
ii. LHS = + = +
Sa

1 − cot A 1 − tan A cos A sin A

1 − sin A 1 − cos A
sin 2 A cos 2 A
= cos A ( sin A − cos A )
+ sin A ( cos A − sin A )

=
1
sin A − cos A

1
( sin 2 A
cos A

sin 3
−
cos 2 A
sin A

A − cos 3 A
)
= sin A − cos A
⋅
cos Asin A

(
( sin A − cos A ) sin 2 A + sin Acos A + cos 2 A )
= ( sin A − cos A ) sin Acos A
[ ∵ a3 - b3 = (a - b)(a2 + b2 + ab)]
sin 2 A + sin Acos A + cos 2 A
= sin Acos A
sin 2 A sin Acos A cos 2 A
= sin Acos A
+ sin Acos A
+ sin Acos A
sin A cos A
= cos A
+1+ sin A

15 / 22
 = tan A + 1 + cot A
= = 1 + tan A + cot A = RHS
Hence proved.
53. If 4x = cosec θ ...(i)
4
x
= cot θ ...(ii)
(i) + (ii)
4
4x + x
= cosec θ + cot θ​​

4 x+( ) 1
x
= cosec θ + cot θ ...(iii)

Again (i) - (ii)

4
4x − x
= cosecθ - cotθ

( ) 1

tre
4 x− = cosec θ - cotθ ...(iv)
x

Now, (iii) × (iv)

( )( )

en
1 1
16 x +
x
x−
x
= (cosecθ + cotθ) cosecθ − cot θ ( )

[ ( )]
gC
1
4 4 x2 − = cosec2θ - cot2θ
x2

( )
4 x2 −
1
x2
=
1
4
{ ∵ cosec2θ - cot2θ = 1}
hin
cosec A − 1 cosec A + 1
54. LHS =
√ cosec A + 1
+
√ cosec A − 1

( √cosec A − 1 ) ( √cosec A − 1 ) + ( √cosec A + 1 ) ( √cosec A + 1 )

ac

=
( √cosec A + 1 ) ( √cosec A − 1 )
( √cosec A − 1 ) 2 + ( √cosec A + 1 ) 2
=
Co

√ ( cosec A + 1 ) ( cosec A − 1 )
( cosec A − 1 ) + ( cosec A + 1 )
= [ ∵ (a + b)(a - b) = a2- b2]
√cosec2 A − 1
2cosec A
= [ ∵ cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A ⇒ cosec2 A - 1 = cot2 A]
√cot 2 A
ini

2cosec A 2 sin A 1 cos A

= cot A
= sin A
× cos A
[ ∵ cosec A = sin A
and cot A = sin A
]
2 1
= cos A
= 2 sec A [ ∵
cos A
= sec A]
Sa

Hence proved.
= RHS
55. (cosec A - sin A)(sec A - cos A) sec2 A = tan A
LHS (cosec A - sin A)(sec A - cosec) sec2A

= ( 1
sin A
− sinA )( 1
cos A
− cosA ) 1
cos 2 A

=
( )( )
1 − sin 2 A

cos 2 A
sin A

sin 2 A
1 − cos 2 A
cos A

1
1
cos 2 A

= ⋅ ⋅
sin A cos A cos 2 A
sin A
= cos A

16 / 22
 = tan A = RHS
Hence proved.
tan 28 ∘ 1
56. ÷ (tan 20o ⋅ tan 60o ⋅ tan 70o)
cot 62 √3
∘

tan ( 90 − 62 ) ∘

1
÷ (tan 20o tan 60o tan(90 - 20o)
cot 62 ∘
√3
cot 62 ∘ 1
÷ (tan 20o cost 20)(tan 60o)
cot 62 √3
∘

1
1÷ (1)(√3)
√3
= 1​​
1 − cos A
57. LHS =
√ 1 + cos A

e
1 − cos A 1 + cos A
=
√ 1 + cos A
× 1 + cos A

ntr
( 1 ) 2 − cos 2 A
=
√ ( 1 + cos A ) 2

Ce
sin 2 A
=
√ ( 1 + cos A ) 2

sin A
=
ing
1 + cos A
= RHS
Hence proved.

58. i. LHS = tan2 θ + cot2 θ + 2 = (1 + tan2 θ) + (1 + cot2 θ)

h

= sec2 θ + cosec2 θ [ ∵ 1 + tan2 A = sec2 A and 1 + cot2 A = cosec2 A

ac

1 1 sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ
= + =
cos 2 θ sin 2 θ cos 2 θsin 2 θ
1 1 1
= = ⋅ [ ∵ sin2 A + cot2 A = 1]
cos 2 θsin 2 θ cos 2 θ sin 2 θ
Co

= sec2 θ cosec2 θ = RHS

Hence proved.

ii. LHS = √sec 2θ + cosec2θ = √ (1 + tan 2θ ) + (1 + cot 2θ )

ini

= √tan 2θ + cot 2θ + 2
= √tan 2θ + cot 2θ + 2tanθcotθ [ ∵ tan θ cot θ = 1]
Sa

= √(tanθ + cotθ) 2

= tan θ + cot θ = RHS

Hence proved.
sin A 1 + cos A
59. 1 + cos A
+ sin A
= 2 cosec A
LHS
sin 2 A + ( 1 + cos A ) 2
=
sin A ( 1 + cos A )
sin 2 A + 1 + cos 2 A + 2cos A
=
sin A ( 1 + cos A )
sin 2 A + cos 2 A + 1 + 2cos A
= sin A ( 1 + cos A )
1 + 1 + 2cos A
= sin A ( 1 + cos A )
2 + 2cos A
= sin A ( 1 + cos A )

17 / 22
 2 ( 1 + cos A )
= sin A ( 1 + cos A )
2
=
sin A
= 2 cosec A
= RHS
Hence proved.
cosec θ + cot θ
60. cosec θ − cot θ
= 1 + 2 cot2 θ + 2 cosec2 θ cos θ
LHS
cosecθ + cot θ
cosecθ − cot θ
on rationalization
( cosecθ + cot θ ) ( cosecθ + cot θ )
= ( cosecθ − cot θ ) ( cosecθ + cot θ )
( cosecθ + cot θ ) 2
=

e
( cosec θ − cot θ )
2 2

ntr
cosec 2θ + cot 2 θ + 2cosecθcot θ
= 1

=1+ cot2 θ + cot2 θ + 2 cosec θ cot θ

cos θ
= 1 + 2 cot2 θ + 2 cosec θ. sin θ

Ce
= 1 + 2 cot2 θ + 2 cosec2 θ cos θ = RHS Proved
61. LHS:
sin θcos ( 90 − θ ) cos θ cos θsin ( 90 − θ ) sin θ
∘ ∘
ing
cos θ sin θ - - + cosec(90o - θ)
sec ( 90 − θ )
∘
cosec ( 90 − θ ) ∘

sin 2 θcos θ cos 2 θsin θ

= cosθsinθ − cosec θ
− sec θ
+ secθ
sin 3θcosθ cos 3θsinθ
h
= cosθsinθ − − + secθ

( )
= cosθsinθ 1 − sin 2θ − cos 3θsinθ + secθ
ac

= cosθsinθ (cos θ )− cos θsinθ + secθ

2 3
Co

= cos 3θsinθ − cos 3θsinθ + secθ

= sec θ
1
= cos θ
= RHS Proved​

( 1 − tan θ
) 2
ini

62. L.H.S. = 1 − cot θ

( )[
Sa

=
1 − tan θ 2
1
1 − tan θ
∵ cotθ =
1
tan θ ]

=
( )
1 − tan θ 2
tan θ − 1
tan θ

=
{ tan θ ( 1 − tan θ )
− ( 1 − tan θ ) } 2

= { }
tan θ
−1
2
= tan2θ

18 / 22
 = RHS
Hence proved
63. a cos θ - b sin θ = c
Prove that (a sin θ + b cos θ) = ± √a 2 + b 2 − c 2
(a cos θ - b sin θ)2 + (a sin θ + b cos θ)2
= a2 cos2θ + b2 sin2θ - 2ab sin θ cos θ + a2sin2θ + b2cos2θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ
= a2(cos2θ + sin2θ) + b2(sin2θ + cos2θ)
= a2 + b2
Now, c2 + (a sin θ + b cos θ)2 = a2 + b2
(a sin θ + b cosθ)2 = a2 + b2 - c2
a sin θ + b cosθ = ± √a2 + b2 − c 2 Proved
64. m = cosec θ - sin θ and n = sec θ - cos θ

e
( )
Prove m 2n
2/3
( )
+ mn 2
2/3
=1

ntr
LHS

(m n )
2 2/3
+ mn 2 ( ) 2/3
...(i)

Ce
m2n = (cosec θ - sin θ) ⋅ (sec θ - cos θ)

m2n = ( 1
sin θ
− sinθ )( 2
cos θ
1
− cosθ )
( 1 − sin θ )
( )
2 2
ing
1 − cos 2 θ
=
sin 2 θ cos θ

( cos θ )
2 2
sin 2 θ
= ×
h
2 cos θ
sin θ
cos 4 θ
ac

= cos θ

m n = cos3θ
2
2 2

( ) ( )
Co

then m 2n 3
= cos 3θ 3

(m n ) = cos θ ...(ii)
2 3 2

Similarly:
ini

( )
m 2n 3
= sin 2θ ...(iii)
Putting (ii) and (iii) in (i), we get
cos 2θ + sin 2θ
Sa

= 1 = RHS
​Hence proved.

65. Prove that tanθ +

( 1
cos θ ) ( 2
+ tanθ −
1
cos θ ) 2
=2
( )
1 + sin 2 θ
1 − sin 2 θ

taking LHS:

(tanθ +
1
cos θ ) ( 2
+ tanθ −
1
cos θ ) 2

= (tan θ + sec θ)2 + (tan θ - sec θ)2

= tan2 θ + sec2 θ + 2 tan θ sec θ + tan2 θ + sec2 θ - 2 tan θ sec θ
= 2 tan2 θ + 2 sec2 θ

19 / 22
 =2
( )
sin 2 θ
cos 2 θ
+
1
cos 2 θ

=2
( ) sin 2 θ + 1
cos 2 θ

=2
( ) 1 + sin 2 θ
1 − sin 2 θ
( ∵ cos2 θ = 1 - sin2 θ)

= RHS Proved.
66. Given, tan θ + sin θ = m ...(i)
and tan θ - sin θ = n ...(ii)
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
2tan θ = m + n

e
m+n
⇒ tan θ = 2

ntr
1 2
∴ cot θ = tan θ
= m+n
...(iii)
On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get
2 sin θ = m - n

Ce
m−n
⇒ sin θ = 2
...(iv)
1 2
∴ cosec θ = sin θ
= m−n

We know that, cosec2 θ - cot2 θ = 1

ing
⇒
( ) ( )
m−n
2 2
−
2
m+n
2
= 1 [from Eqs.(iii) and (iv)]

4 4
− =1
h
⇒
( m − n )2 ( m + n )2

[ ]
ac

1 1
⇒ 4 − =1
( m − n )2 ( m + n )2

[ ]
Co

( m + n )2 − ( m − n )2
⇒ 4 =1
( m − n )2 ( m + n )2

( ) ( )
[ ]
m 2 + n 2 + 2mn − m 2 + n 2 − 2mn
⇒ 4 = 1[ ∵ (a ± b)2 = a2 + b2 ± 2ab]
ini

( m − n )2 ( m + n )2

⇒ 4
[ 2mn + 2mn
( m − n )2 ( m + n )2 ] =1
Sa

16mn
⇒ =1
[ ( m − n ) ( m + n ) ]2
16mn
⇒ =1
(m −n )
2 2 2

⇒
(m 2 − n2 ) 2
= 16 mn [ ∵ (a - b)(a + b) = a2 - b2]

∴ (m2 - n2) = 4√mn [taking positive square root]

Hence proved.
q2 − 1
67. + cos A
q2 + 1
( cosecA − cot A ) 2 − 1
= + cos A
( cosecA − cot A ) 2 + 1
cosec 2A + cot 2 A − 2cosecAcot A − 1
= + cos A
cosec 2A + cot 2 A − 2cosecAcot A + 1

20 / 22
 cot 2 A + cot 2 A − 2cosecAcot A
= + cos A ( ∵ cosec2 A = 1 cot2 A)
cosec 2A + cosec 2A − 2cosecAcot A
2cot 2 A − 2cosecAcot A
= + cos A
2cosec 2A − 2cosecAcot A
2cot A ( cot A − cosecA )
= ​2cosecA ( cosecA − cot A ) + cos A
cos A
− 2 × sin A
= 1
+ cos A
2 × sin A

= -cos A + cos A
= 0 = RHS Proved.
68. LHS:
sin 2 40 ∘ + sin 2 50 ∘
+ tan 10o tan 20o tan 60o tan 70o tan 80o
cos 2 20 ∘ + cos 2 70 ∘
sin 2 40 ∘ + sin 2 ( 90 − 40 )
cos 2 20 ∘ + cos 2 ( 90 − 20 ) + tan 10o tan 20o tan 60o tan (90 - 20) tan (90 - 10)

e
sin 2 40 + cos 2 90
+ tan 10o tan 20o tan 60o + 20 cot 10

ntr
cos 2 20 + sin 2 20
1
= 1
+ tan60
= 1 + √3 = RHS Proved

Ce
tan θ cot θ
69. +
1 − cot θ 1 − tan θ
sin θ cos θ
cos θ sin θ
= cos θ + sin θ
1 − sin θ 1 − cos θ
ing
2
sin θ cos 2 θ
= ( sin θ − cos θ ) cos θ
+ ( cos θ − sin θ ) sin θ
sin 2 θ cos 2 θ
= ( sin θ − cos θ ) cos θ
− ( sin θ − cos θ ) sin θ
sin 3 θ − cos 3 θ
h
= ( sin θ − cos θ ) cos θsin θ

( )
ac

( sin θ − cos θ ) sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ + sin θcos θ

= ( sin θ − cos θ ) ( cos θsin θ )
1 + sin θcos θ
Co

= cos θsin θ
1 sin θ ⋅ cos θ
= cos θsin θ
+ cos θ ⋅ sin θ
= sec θ ⋅ cosec θ + 1
= 1 + sec θ ⋅ cosec θ = RHS
ini

​Hence proved.

70. Proved that: cot2 A

( sec A − 1
1 + sin A ) + sec2 A
( sin A − 1
1 + sec A ) =0
Sa

LHS

( ) ( )
1
cos A −1 sin A − 1
= cot2 A 1 + sin A
+ sec2 A 1
1 + cos A

( ) ( )
1 − cos A
( cos A ) sin A − 1
= cot2 A ( 1 + sin A )
+ sec2 A 1 + cos A
( cos A )

=
cos 2 A
sin 2 A
×
1
cos A ( 1 − cos A
1 + sin A ) + sec2 A(cos A) ( sin A − 1
1 + cos A )
21 / 22
 cos A ( 1 − cos A ) 1 ( sin A − 1 )
= +
sin 2 A ( 1 + sin A ) cos A ( cos A + 1 )
cos 2 A ( 1 − cos A ) ( 1 + cos A ) + ( sin A − 1 ) sin 2 A ( 1 + sin A )
⇒

( sin A ) ( 1 + sin A ) ( cos A ) ( cos A + 1 )

2

cos A ( 1 − cos A ) + sin A ( sin A − 1 )

2 2 2 2

( sin A ) ( cos A ) ( 1 + sin A ) ( 1 + cos A )

2

cos A sin A + sin A ( − cos A )

2 ⋅
2 2 2

=
sin 2 A ( cos A ) ⋅ ( 1 + sin A ) ( 1 + cos A )
cos 2 Asin 2 A − sin 2 Acos 2 A
=
sin 2 A ( cos A ) ( 1 + sin A ) ( 1 + 1 )
0
=
sin 2 A ( cos A ) ( 1 + sin A ) ( 1 + cos A )
= 0 Proved.

e
71. 1 + cos2 θ = 3 sin θ cos θ, prove that tan θ = 1 or 2

ntr
⇒ 1 + cos2 θ = 3 sin θ cos θ
⇒ sin2 θ + cos2 θ + cos2 θ = 3 sin θ cos θ
⇒ sin2 θ + 2 cos2 θ = 3 sin θ cos θ

Ce
Divide by cos2 θ
⇒ tan2 θ + 2 - 3 tan θ = 0
⇒ tan2 θ - 3 tan θ + 2 = 0
ing
Let tan θ = x
⇒ x2 - 3x + 2 = 0
⇒ x2 - 2x - x + 2 = 0
⇒ x(x - 2) - 1(x - 2) = 0
h

x = 1 or 2
ac

i.e tan θ = 1 or 2
72. (sin θ + cos θ)(tan θ + cot θ) = sec θ + cosec θ
LHS = (sin θ + cos θ)(tan θ + cot θ)
Co

= (sinθ + cosθ)
( sin θ
cos θ
+
cos θ
sin θ )
= (sinθ + cosθ)
( sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ

)
ini

cos θsin θ

= (sinθ + cosθ)
( 1
cos θsin θ )
Sa

sin θ cos θ
= cos θsin θ
+
cos θsin θ
1 1
= cos θ
+ sin θ
= sec θ + cosec θ
= RHS
Hence proved.

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