ARUL INSTITUTE, CHENNAI

CBSE – CLASS XII – PHYSICS – CHAPTER 4

MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

EXERCISE PROBLEMS

4.1 A circular coil of wire consisting of 100 turns, each of radius 8.0 cm carries a current of

0.40 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field B at the centre of the coil?

Solution:

µo NI
B=
2R

4π x 10 −7 x 100 x 0.4
B=
2 x 8 x 10 − 2

4π x 10 −5 x 4 x 10 −1
B=
16 x 10 − 2

16 π x 10 −6
B=
16 x 10 − 2

B = 3.14 x 10–4 T
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4.2 A long straight wire carries a current of 35 A. What is the magnitude of the field B at a

point 20 cm from the wire?

Solution:

µo I
B=
2 πr

4 π x 10 −7 x 35
B=
2 π x 20 x 10 − 2

e
ut
2 x 10 −5 x 35
B=
20

B=
35 x 10 −5
tit
10
ns
B = 3.5 x 10–5 T
I
ul
Ar
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4.3 A long straight wire in the horizontal plane carries a current of 50 A in north to south

direction. Give the magnitude and direction of B at a point 2.5 m east of the wire.

Solution:

50A
2.5 m
W E

e
ut
S

B=
µo I
tit
2 πr
ns
4 π x 10 −7 x 50
B=
2 π x 2 .5
I

200 x 10 −7
B=
ul

B = 40 x 10 –7 T
Ar

B = 4 x 10 –6 T

According to right hand thumb rule, the magnetic field (B) acts vertically

upwards.
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4.4 A horizontal overhead power line carries a current of 90 A in east to west direction.

What is the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field due to the current 1.5 m

below the line?

Solution:

e
90A

ut
W E

1.5 m tit S
ns
µo I
B=
2 πr
I

4π x 10 −7 x 90
ul

B=
2 π x 1 .5
Ar

2 x 10 −7 x 90
B=
15 x 10 −1

B = 2 x 10–6 x 6

B = 12 x 10–6

B = 1.2 x 10–5 T

According to right hand thumb rule, the magnetic field (B) acts towards south.
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4.5 What is the magnitude of magnetic force per unit length on a wire carrying a current of

8 A and making an angle of 30º with the direction of a uniform magnetic field of 0.15 T?

Solution:

F = BIL sinθ

F
= BI sinθ
L

e
F
= 0.15 x 8 x sin30o

ut
L

F 1
= 1.2 x = 0.6 N m–1 tit
L 2
I ns
ul
Ar
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4.6 A 3.0 cm wire carrying a current of 10 A is placed inside a solenoid perpendicular to its

axis. The magnetic field inside the solenoid is given to be 0.27 T. What is the magnetic

force on the wire?

Solution:

F = BIL sinθ

F = 0.27 x 10 x 3 x 10–2 x sin90o

e
ut
F = 2.7 x 3 x 10–2

F = 8.1 x 10–2 N
tit
I ns
ul
Ar
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4.7 Two long and parallel straight wires A and B carrying currents of 8.0 A and 5.0 A in the

same direction are separated by a distance of 4.0 cm. Estimate the force on a 10 cm

section of wire A.

Solution:

µ o I1I 2L
F=
2 πr

e
4π x 10 −7 x 8 x 5 x 10 x 10 −2

ut
F=
2π x 4 x 10 − 2

2 x 10 −8 x 40 tit
F=
4 x 10 − 2
ns
F = 20 x 10 –6

F = 2 x 10 –5 N
I
ul
Ar
 ARUL INSTITUTE, CHENNAI
4.8 A closely wound solenoid 80 cm long has 5 layers of windings of 400 turns each. The

diameter of the solenoid is 1.8 cm. If the current carried is 8.0 A, estimate the magnitude

of B inside the solenoid near its centre.

Solution:

Total number of turns (N) = 5 x 400 = 2000 turns

N 2000 200000 20000

e
Number of turns per unit length (n) = = = = = 2500 turns/m
L 80 x 10 − 2 80 8

ut
B = µonI = 4π x 10–7 x 2500 x 8

B = 80000 x 3.14 x 10–7

tit
B = 8 x 3.14 x 10–3
ns
B = 25.12 x 10–3
I

B = 2.512 x 10–2 T
ul
Ar
 ARUL INSTITUTE, CHENNAI
4.9 A square coil of side 10 cm consists of 20 turns and carries a current of 12 A. The coil is

suspended vertically and the normal to the plane of the coil makes an angle of 30º with

the direction of a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 0.80 T. What is the

magnitude of torque experienced by the coil?

Solution:

A = 10 cm x 10 cm = 100 cm2 = 100 x 10–4 m2 = 10–2 m2

e
ut
τ = NBIA sinθ

τ = 20 x 0.8 x 12 x 10–2 x sin30o

1
tit
τ = 16 x 12 x 10–2 x
2
ns
τ = 16 x 6 x 10–2
I

τ = 96 x 10–2
ul

τ = 0.96 Nm
Ar
 ARUL INSTITUTE, CHENNAI
4.10 Two moving coil meters, M1 and M2 have the following particulars:

R1 = 10 Ω, N1 = 30, A1 = 3.6 x 10–3 m2, B1 = 0.25 T

R2 = 14 Ω, N2 = 42, A2 = 1.8 x 10–3 m2, B2 = 0.50 T

(The spring constants are identical for the two meters).

Determine the ratio of (a) current sensitivity and (b) voltage sensitivity of M2 and M1.

e
. Solution:

ut
φ  NBA 
Current sensitivity = = 
I  k 

CS 2
 N 2B 2 A 2 

 k

 = 42 x 0.50 x 1.8 x 10
tit −3
7
= = = 1.4
CS1  N1B1 A1  −3 5
30 x 0 . 25 x 3 . 6 x 10
ns
 
 k 
I

φ φ Current Sensitivity
Voltage sensitivity = = =
V IR R
ul

CS1 CS 2
VS1 = ; VS2 =
R1 R2
Ar

CS 2
VS 2 R2 CS 2 R CS 2 R 7 10
= = x 1 = x 1 = x =1
VS1 CS 1 R2 CS1 CS1 R2 5 14
R1
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4.11 In a chamber, a uniform magnetic field of 6.5 G (1 G = 10–4 T) is maintained. An

electron is shot into the field with a speed of 4.8 x 106 ms–1 normal to the field. Explain

why the path of the electron is a circle. Determine the radius of the circular orbit.

(e = 1.6 x 10–19 C, me = 9.1 x 10–31 kg)

. Solution:

When an electron is moving normal to the magnetic field, it experiences magnetic force

e
ut
(Bqv) that provides the necessary centripetal force to move in a circular path.

mv 2
Bqv = tit
r

mv
r=
Bq
ns
9.1 x 10 −31 x 4.8 x 106
r=
6.5 x 10 − 4 x 1.6 x 10 −19
I

9.1 x 10 −25 x 3
r=
ul

6.5 x 10 − 23

27.3 x 10 −2 273 x 10 −2
r= = = 4.2 x 10–2 m
Ar

6.5 65
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4.12 In Exercise 4.11 obtain the frequency of revolution of the electron in its circular orbit.

Does the answer depend on the speed of the electron? Explain.

. Solution:

Bq
f=
2πm

6.5 x 10 −4 x 1.6 x 10 −19

f=

e
2 x 3.14 x 9.1 x 10 − 31

ut
10.4 x 10 −23
f=
57.15 x 10 − 31
tit
10400 x 10 −26
f=
5715 x 10 − 33
ns
f = 1.82 x 107 Hz
I

f = 18.2 x 106 Hz (or) 18.2 MHz

ul

No, the frequency of revolution of the electron is independent of the speed of the
Ar

electron.

Bq
According to the relation f = , the frequency of revolution of the electron depends
2πm

only on the magnetic field (B).

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4.13 (a) A circular coil of 30 turns and radius 8.0 cm carrying a current of 6.0 A is

suspended vertically in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 1.0 T. The

field lines make an angle of 60° with the normal of the coil. Calculate the magnitude

of the counter torque that must be applied to prevent the coil from turning.

(b) Would your answer change, if the circular coil in (a) were replaced by a planar coil

of some irregular shape that encloses the same area?

e
ut
(All other particulars are also unaltered.)

. Solution:
tit
A = πr2 = 3.14 x (8 x 10–2)2 = 3.14 x 64 x 10–4 = 200.96 x 10–4 m2
ns
(a) τ = NBIA sinθ

τ = 30 x 1 x 6 x 200.96 x 10–4 x sin60o

I

3
τ = 180 x 200.96 x 10–4 x
ul

τ = 90 x 200.96 x 10–4 x 1.732

Ar

τ = 31325.64 x 10–4

τ = 3.13 Nm

A similar torque is required to prevent the coil from turning.

(b) No, the answer is unchanged. Since the planar coil encloses the same area as that of

the circular coil, the torque on the planar coil also remains same, irrespective of

the shape.