SMART STUDY COACHING CLASSES

Test / Exam Name: Chapter 7 Coordinate Standard: 10th Subject: Mathematics

Geometry

Questions: 40 Marks: 139

Q1. In a classroom, 4 friends are seated at the points A, B, C and D as shown. Champa and Chameli walk into the class and after 5 Marks
observing for a few minutes Champa asks Chameli,'Don't you think ABCD is a square? Chameli disagrees. Using distance
formula, find which of them is correct.

Ans: Let A(3, 4), B(6, 7), C(9, 4) and D(6, 1) be the given points. then
Now, AB = √(6 − 3) + (7 − 4)
2 2

2 2
= √(3) + (3)

= √9 + 9 = √18 = 3√2

2 2
BC = √(9 − 6) + (4 − 7)

2 2
= √(3) + (−3)

= √9 + 9 = √18 = 3√2

2 2
CD = √(6 − 9) + (1 − 4)

2 2
= √(−3) + (−3)

= √9 + 9 = √18 = 3√2

2 2
DA = √(3 − 6) + (4 − 1)

2 2
= √(−3) + (3)

= √9 + 9 = √18 = 3√2

2 2
AC = √(9 − 3) + (4 − 4) = 6

2 2
BD = √(6 − 6) + (1 − 7) = 6

We see that,
AB = BC = DA = DA

and AC = BD
therefore, ABCD is a square.
Hence, Champa is correct.
Q2. 5 Marks
 A piece of sandwich lies on the coordinate plane as shown in the above figure. A, B and C point denote the edges of the
sandwich. Refer and answer the questions.
1. Locate the point A.
1. (2, 5)
2. (7, 3)
3. (5, 7)
4. (3, 7)
2. What is the absicca of point C?
1. 7.5
2. 8.5
3. 7
4. 8
3. Find the point which is equidistant from A and B.
1. (2, 4)
2. (3, 4)
3. (4, 2)
4. (5, 2)
4. Using distance formula, find distance between B and C.
1. 4.52 units
2. 5.52 units
3. 6.52 units
4. 7.52 units
5. What is the ordinate of point A?
1. 5
2. 2
3. 7
4. 6

Ans: 1. (d) (3, 7)

2. (a) 7.5
3. (a) (2, 4)
4. (c) 6.52 units
5. (b) 2
Q3. Two opposite vertices of a square are (-1, 2) and (3, 2). Find the coordinates of other two vertices. 5 Marks

Ans:
Let ABCD is a square, in which co-ordinates of A are (-1, 2) and of C are (3, 2) join AC. Let co-ordinates of B be (x, y).
AB = BC (Sides of a square)
⇒ AB2 = BC2
Now, AB = √(x − x ) + (y − y )
2 1
2
2 1
2

2 2
= √(x + 1) + (y − 2)

⇒ AB2 = (x + 1)2 + (y - 2)2

Similarly, BC2 = (x - 3)2 + (y - 2)2
∵ AB = BC

2 2 2 2
∴ (x + 1) + (y - 2) = (x - 3) + (y - 2)

⇒ (x + 1)2 = (x - 3)2
⇒ x2 + 2x + 1 = x2 - 6x + 9
⇒ x2 + 2x + 6x - x2 = 9 - 1 = 8
⇒ 8x = 8
8
⇒ x = = 1
8

Now in right △ABC

AC2 = AB2 + BC2
(3 + 1)2 + (2 - 2)2 = (x + 1)2 + (y - 2)2 + (x - 3)2 + (y - 2)2
⇒ (4)2 + (0)2 = x2 + 2x + 1 + y2 - 4y + 4 + x2 - 6x + 9 + y2 - 4y + 4
⇒ 16 = 2x2 + 2y2 - 4x - 8y + 18
⇒ 2x2 + 2y2 - 4x - 8y = 16 - 18
⇒ 2x2 + 2y2 - 4x - 8y = -2
⇒ x2 + y2 - 2x - 4y = -1
Substituting the value of x,
(1)2 + y2 - 2 × 1 - 4y = -1
1 + y2 - 2 - 4y = -1
y2 - 4y = -1 - 1 + 2 = 0
y(y - 4) = 0
Either y = 0
or y - 4 = 0, then y = 4
∴ Co-ordinates of other points will be

(1, 0) and (1, 4).

Q4. To conduct Sports Day activities, in your rectangular shaped school ground ABCD, lines have been drawn with chalk powder at a 5 Marks
distance of 1m each. 100 flower pots have been placed at a distance of 1m from each other along AD, as shown in figure.
Nibarika tuns th the distance AD on the 2nd line and posts a green flag. Preet runs th the distance AD on the eighth line and
1

4
1

posts a red flag. What is the distance between both the flags? If Rashmi has to post a blue flag exactly halfway between the line
segment joining the two flags, where should she post her flag?
Ans: Niharika runs 14th of the distance AD on the 2nd line and posts a green flag.
There are 100 flower pots. It means, she stops at 25th flower pot.
Therefore, the coordinates of point where she stops are (2m, 25m).
Preet runs 15th of the distance AD on the eighth line and posts a red flag. There are 100 flower pots. It means, she stops at 20th
flower pot.
Therefore, the coordinates of point where she stops are (8, 20).
Using Distance Formula to find distance between points (2m, 25m) and (8m, 20m), we get
2 2 2 2
d = √(2 − 8) + (25 − 20) = √(−6) + 5 = √36 + 25 = √61m

Rashmi posts a blue flag exactly halfway the line segment joining the two flags.
Using section formula to find the coordinates of this point, we get
2+8 10
x = = = 5
2 2
25+20 45
y = =
2 2

Therefore, coordinates of point, where Rashmi posts her flag are (5, 45

2
)(5,
45

2
)

It means she posts her flag in 5th line after covering 45

2
= 22.5 m of distance.
Q5. Find the ratio in which the point P(-1, y) lying on the line segment joining points A(-3, 10) and B(6, -8) divides it. Also, find the 4 Marks
value of y.

Ans: Let the point P(-1, y) divides the line segment joining the points A(-3, 10) and B(6, -8) in the ratio k : 1.
Then, by section formula,
k×6+1×(−3) k×(−8)+1×10
Coordinates of P = ( k+1
,
k+1
)

6k−3 −8k+10
= ( , )
k+1 k+1

Given, coordinates of P = (-1, y)

6k−3
∴ = −1
k+1

⇒ 6k − 3 = −k − 1

⇒ 7k = 2
2
⇒ k =
7

So, the required ratio is 2 : 7.

Also,
−8k+10
⇒ = y
k+1
2
−8× +10
7
⇒ 2
= y
+1
7
−16
+10
7
⇒ 9
= y
7
54

7
⇒ 9
= y
7

54
⇒ y =
9
⇒ y = 6

Q6. If (2, p) is the mipoint of the line segment joining the points A(6, -5) and B(-2, 11), find the values of a and p. 4 Marks

Ans: The mid-point of line segment joining the points A(6, -5) and B(-2, 11) is
or (2, 3)
6−2 −5+11
( , )
2 2

Also, given the mid-point of AB is (2, p)

⇒p=3
Q7. In what ratio does the point C(4, 5) divide the join of A(2, 3) and B(7, 8)? 4 Marks

Ans: Let the required ratio be k : 1.

Then, by section formula, the coordinates of C are
7k+2 8k+3
C( , )
k+1 k+1

Therefore,
7k+2

k+1
= 4 and 8k+3

k+1
= 5 [∵ C(4, 5) is given]
⇒ 7k + 2 = 4k + 4 and 8k + 3 = 5k + 5
⇒ 3k = 2 and 3k = 2
⇒ k = in each case
2

So, the required ratio is which is same 2 : 3.

2
: 1,
3

Q8. In what ratio is the line segments joining A(2, -3) and B(5, 6) divided by the x-axis? Also, find the coordinates of the point of 4 Marks
divesion.

Ans: Let the x-axis cut the join of A(2, -3) and B(5, 6) in the ratio k : 1, at the point P.
Then, by the section forfmula, the coordinates of P are (
5k+2 6k−3
, )
k+1 k+1

But P lies on the x-axis so, its ordinate must be 0.

6k−3
∴ = 0
k+1
1
⇒ 6k − 3 = 0, k =
2

So the required ratio 1 : 2

Thus the x-axis divides AB in the ratio 1 : 2
Putting k = in , we get the point P as
1 5k+2

2 k+1
1
5× +2

or P(3, 0)
2
P( 1
, 0)
+1
2

Thus, P is (3, 0) and k = 1 : 2.

Q9. Determine the ratio in which the point (-6, a) divides the join of A(-3, 1) and B(-8, 9). Also find the value of a. 4 Marks

Ans: The co-ordinates of a point which divided two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) internally in the ratio m : n is given by the formula,
mx2 +nx1 my2 +ny1
(x, y) = [( ), ( )]
m+n m+n

Here we are given that the point P(-6, a) divides the line joining the points A(-3, 1) and B(-8, 9) in some ratio.
Let us substitute these values in the earlier mentioned formula.
m(−8)+n(−3) m(9)+n(1)
(−6, a) = [( ), ( )]
m+n m+n

Equating the individual components we have,

 m(−8)+n(−3)
−6 =
m+n

−6m − 6n = −8m − 3n

2m = 3n
m 3
=
n 2

We see that the ratio in which the given point divides the line segment is 3 : 2.
Let us now use this ratio to find out the value of ‘a’.
m(−8)+n(−3) m(9)+n(1)
(−6, a) = [( ), ( )]
m+n m+n

3(−8)+2(−3) 3(9)+2(1)
(−6, a) = [( ), ( )]
3+2 3+2

Equating the individual components we have

3(9)+2(1)
a =
3+2
29
a =
5

Thus the value of 'a' is 29

5
.

Q10. Find the coordinates of the points which divide the line segment joining the points (-4, 0) and (0, 6) in four equal parts. 4 Marks

Ans: The co-ordinates of the midpoint (xm, ym) between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by,
x1 +x2 y1 +y2
(xm , y ) = [( ), ( )]
m 2 2

Here we are supposed to find the points which divide the line joining A(-4, 0) and B(0, 6) into 4 equal parts.
We shall first find the midpoint M(x, y) of these two points since this point will divide the line into two equal parts,
−4+0 0+6
(xm , y ) = [( ), ( )]
m 2 2

(xm , y ) = (−2, 3)
m

So the point M(-2, 3) splits this line into two equal parts.
Now, we need to find the midpoint of A(-4, 0) and M(-2, 3) separately and the midpoint of B(0, 6) and M(-2, 3). These two points
along with M(-2, 3) split the line joining the original two points into four equal parts.
Let M1(e, d) be the midpoint of A(-4, 0) and M(-2, 3).
−4−2 0+3
(e, d) = [( ), ( )]
2 2

3
(e, d) = ( − 3, )
2

Now let M2(g, h) be the midpoint of B(0, 6) and M(-2, 3).

0−2 6+3
(g, h) = [( ), ( )]
2 2

9
(g, h) = ( − 1, )
2

Hence the co-ordinates of the points which divide the line joining the two given points are ( − 3, (-2, 3) and ( − 1,
3 9
), ).
2 2

Q11. If the point P(m, 3) lies on the line segment joining the points A( − 2
, 6) and B(2, 8), find the value of m. 3 Marks
5

Ans: The formula for the area 'A' encompassed by three points (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) is given by the formula,
1
△ = |(x1 y + x2 y + x3 y ) − (x2 y + x3 y + x1 y )|
2 2 3 1 1 2 3

If three points are collinear the area encompassed by them is equal to 0.

It is said that the point P(m, 3) lies on the segment joining the points A( − and B(2, 8). Hence we understand that these
2
, 6)
5

three points are collinear. So the area enclosed by them should be 0.

1 ∣ 2 2 ∣
△ = ( − × 3 + m × 8 + 2 × 6) − (m × 6 + 2 × 3 + ( − ) × 8)
2 ∣ 5 5 ∣

1 ∣ 6 16 ∣
0 = ( − + 8m + 12) − (6m + 6 − )
2 ∣ 5 5 ∣
1
0 = |2m + 8|
2

0 = 2m + 8

m = −4

Hence the value of 'm' for which the given condition is satisfied is m = -4.
Q12. If a point A(0, 2) is equidistant from the points B(3, p) and C(p, 5), then find the value of p. 3 Marks

Ans: It is given that A(0, 2) is equidistant from the points B(3, p) and C(p, 5).
∴ AB = AC

⇒ √(3 − 0) + (p − 2) = √(p − 0) + (5 − 2) (Distance formula)

2 2 2 2

Squaring on both sides, we get

9 + p2 - 4p + 4 = p2 + 9
⇒ -4p + 4 = 0
⇒p=1
Thus, the value of p is 1.
Q13. The line segment joining the points A(3, -4) and B(1, 2) is trisected at the points P(p, -2) and Q( 5
, q). Find the values of p and 3 Marks
3

q.

Ans: Point P divides the join of A(3, -4) and B(1, 2) in the ratio 1 : 2
Coordinates of P are:
1×2+2×(−4)
or ( or (
1×1+2×3 7 −6 7
( , ) , ) , −2)
1+2 1+2 3 3 3

Also the point P is (p, -2) ⇒ P = 7

Further Q is the midpoint of PB when

P(
7

3
, −2) and B(1, 2)
7
+1

∴ coordinates of Q are ( or (
3 −2+2 5
, ) , 0)
2 2 3

Also, Q is (
5
, q) ⇒ q = 0
3

Hence, p = 7

3
and q = 0
Q14. If the points A(6, 1), B(8, 2), C(9, 4) and D(k, p) are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order, then find the values of k and p. 3 Marks

Ans: The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. O is the mid-point of AC and also of BD. O is the mid-point of AC.

∴ Co-ordinates of O will be,

or (
6+9 1+4 15 5
( , ) , )
2 2 2 2

∵ O is also the mid-point of BD

15 8+k
∴ =
2 2
2+p
and 5

2
=
2

⇒ 8 + k = 15 ⇒ k = 15 - 8 = 7
and 2 + p = 5 ⇒ p = 5 - 2 = 3
∴ k = 7, p = 3

Q15. Find the ratio in which the point P(m, 6) divides the join of A(-4, 3) and B(2, 8). Also find the value of m. 3 Marks

Ans: Let P dividing the join of line segment A(-4, 3) and B(2, 8) in the ratio k : 1.
∴ The point P is

k×2+1×(−4) k×8+1×3 2k−4 8k+3

( , ) = ( , )
k+1 k+1 k+1 k+1

2k−4
⇒ = m … (1)
k+1

And
8k+3
= 6
k+1

Or 8k + 3 = 6k + 6 or 2k = 3 ∴ k =
3

Putting value of k in (1)

3
2× −4
2

3
= m
+1
2

3−4
m = 5

2
m = −
5

Hence, m = − 2

5
,k =
3

Q16. A(3, 2) and B(-2, 1) are two vertices of a triangle ABC whose centroid G has the coordinates 3 Marks
Find the coordinates of the third vertex C of the triangle.
5 1
( ,− ).
3 3
Ans: Let the third vertex be C(x, y)
Two vertices A(3, 2) and B(-2, 1)
y+2+1
Coordinates of centroid of triangle are (
x+3−2
, )
3 3

But the centroid of the triangle are (

5 1
,− )
3 3

y+2+1
and
x+3−2 5 1
∴ = = −
3 3 3 3
x+1 5 y+3 1
⇒ = ⇒ = −
3 3 3 3

⇒ x + 1 = 5 ⇒ y + 3 = -1
⇒ x = 4 ⇒ y = -4
Hence, the third vertex of the triangle is C(4, -4).
Q17. If A and B are (1, 4) and (5, 2) respectively, find the coordinates of P when AP

BP
=
3

4
. 3 Marks

Ans: Point P divides the line segment joining the points (1, 4) and (5, 2) in the ratio of AP : PB = 3 : 4
Co-ordinates of P will be,
mx2 +nx1 my2 +ny1
( , )
m+n m+n

or (
3×5+4×1 3×2+4×4
, )
3+4 3+4

or (
15+4 6+16 19 22
= ( , ) , )
7 7 7 7

Q18. If the point C(k, 4) divedes the join of A(2, 6) and B(5, 1) in the ratio 2 : 3 then find the value of k. 3 Marks

Ans: Here, the point C(k, 4) divides the join of A(2, 6) and B(5, 1) in the ratio 2 : 3. So
2×5+3×2
k =
2+3

10 + 6
=
5
16
=
5

Hence, k = 16

5
.

Q19. If the mid-point of the segment joining A(x, y + 1) and B(x + 1, y + 2) is C( 3

,
5
), find x, y. 3 Marks
2 2

Ans: It is given that mid-point of line segment joining A(x, y + 1) and B(x + 1, y + 2) is C( 3
,
5
)
2 2

In general to find the mid-point P(x, y) of two points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) we use section formula as,
x1 +x2 y1 +y2
P(x, y) = ( , )
2 2

So,
3 5 2x+1 2y+3
( , ) = ( , )
2 2 2 2

Now equate the components separately to get,

2x+1 3
=
2 2

So,
x=1
Similarly,
2y+3 5
=
2 2

So,
y=1
Q20. If P(2, 6) is the mid-point of the line segment joining A(6, 5) and B(4, y), find y. 2 Marks

Ans: P(2, 6) is the mid-point of the line segment A(6, 5) and B(4, y).
y +y 5+y
1 2
∴ 6 = =
2 2

⇒ 5 + y = 12
⇒ y = 12 - 5 = 7
Q21. A(4, 2), B(6, 5) and C(1, 4) are the vertices of ΔABC. 2 Marks
The median from A meets BC in D. Find the coordinates of the point D.

Ans:
Median AD of the triangle will divide the side BC in two equals parts. So D is the midpoint of side BC.
Coordinates of D = (
6+1 5+4
, )
2 2

7 9
= ( , )
2 2

Q22. Find the coordinate of the points of trisection of the line segment joining the points A(7, -2) and B(1, -5). 2 Marks

Ans: We have given that the coordinates of the Points of trisection of the line segment joining the points A(7, -2) and B(1, -5)
Therefore, the line AB divides sectionally into two parts C and D into 1 : 2 and 2 : 1
Now, we have use the Section Formula,
For 1 : 2 = ma + , ma +
a+b
nb nb

a+b
7 7
⇒ 1 × 1 + 2 × , 1 × (−5) + 2 × (−2) )
1+2 1+2
15 −9
= , = (5, −3)
3 3

Similarly, For the Ratio 2 : 1

(−2)
For 1 : 2 ⇒ ma+nb

a+b
,
ma+nb

a+b
= 2 × 1 + 1 ×
7

2
+ 1, 2 × (−5) + 1 ×
2+1
− 4)

9 −12
= , = (3, −4)
3 3

Hence, the coordinates of the point of the trisection of the line segments are C(5, -3) and D(3, -4)
Q23. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the join of (–1, 7) and (4, –3) in the ratio 2 : 3. 2 Marks

Ans: Let x1 = -1, x2 = 4, y1=7 and y2 = -3, m1= 2, and m2 = 3

Using Section Formula to find coordinates of point which divides join of (–1, 7) and (4, –3), we get
m1 x2 +m2 x1 2×4+3×(−1) 8−3 5
x = = = = = 1
m1 +m2 2+3 5 5

m1 y +m2 y 2×(−3)+3×7 −6+21 15

2 1
y = = = = = 3
m1 +m2 2+3 5 5

Therefore, the coordinates of point are (1, 3) which divides join of (–1, 7) and (4, –3).
Q24. If the coordinates of points A and B are (-2, -2) and (2, -4) respectively, find the coordinates of the points P such that 2 Marks
AB, where P lies on the line segment AB.
3
AP =
7

Ans: Here, P(x, y) divides line segment AB, such that

3
AP = AB
7
AP 3
⇒ =
AB 7
AB 7
⇒ =
AP 3
AB 7
⇒ − 1 = − 1
AP 3
AB−AP 7−3
⇒ =
AP 3
BP 4
⇒ =
AP 3
AP 3
⇒ =
BP 4

∴ P divides AB in the ratio 3 : 4

3×2+4(−2) 3×(−4)+4(2)
x = ;y =
3+4 3+4
6−8 −12−8
x = ;y =
7 7
−2 −20
x = ;y =
7 7

The coordinate of P are (

−2 −20
∴ , ).
7 7

Q25. In what ratio does the y-axis divide the join of P(-4, 2) and Q(8, 3)? 1 Mark
A 3:1 B 1:3 C 2:1 D 1:2
Ans: D 1 : 2
Solution:
Let the y-axis cut AB at the point P(0, y) in the ratio k : 1.
Then, using section formula, we get
8k−4
= 0
k+1

⇒ 8k − 4 = 0
1
⇒ k =
2

So, the required ratio is 1

2
: 1, that is 1 : 2.
Q26. Show taht the following points are collinear: 4 Marks
A(8, 1), B(3, -4) and C(2, -5)

Ans: Let A(x1 = 8, y1 = 1), B(x2 = 3, y2 = -4) and C(x3 = 2, y3 = -5) be the given points.
Now
x1(y2 - y3) + x2(y3 - y1) + x3(y1 - y2)
= 8(-4 + 5) + 3(-5 - 1) + 2(1 + 4)
= 8 - 18 + 10
=0
Hence the given point are collinear.
Q27. Prove that the points (2a, 4a), (2a, 6a) and (2a + √3a, 5a) are the vertices of an equilateral triangle. 4 Marks

Ans: The distance d between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by the formula,
2 2
d = √(x1 − x2 ) + (y − y )
1 2

In an equilateral triangle all the sides have equal length.

Here the three points are A(2a, 4a), B(2a, 6a) and C(2a + a√3, 5a).
Let us now find out the lengths of all the three sides of the given triangle.
2 2
AB = √(2a − 2a) + (4a − 6a)

2 2
= √(0) + (−2a)

2
= √0 + 4a

AB = 2a

2 2
BC = √(2a − 2a − a√3) + (6a − 5a)

2 2
= √(−a√3) + (a)

2 2
= √3a + a

2
= √4a

BC = 2a

2 2
AC = √(2a − 2a − a√3) + (4a − 5a)

2 2
= √(−a√3) + (−a)

2 2
= √3a + a

2
= √4a

AC = 2a

Since all the three sides have equal lengths the triangle has to be an equilateral triangle.
Q28. Show that the following points are the vertices of a rectangle: 4 Marks
A(0, -4), B(6, 2), C(3, 5) and D(-3, -1)

Ans: Let A(0, -4), B(6, 2), C(3, 5) and D(-3, -1) are the vertices of quad. ABCD.
Then,
 2 2
AB = √(6 − 0) + (2 + 4)

2 2
= √(6) + (6)

= √36 + 36 = √72 = 6√2 units

2 2
BC = √(3 − 6) + (5 − 2)

2 2
= √(−3) + (3)

= √9 + 9 = √18 = 3√2 units

2 2
DC = √(−3 − 3) + (−1 − 5)

2 2
= √(−6) + (−6)

= √36 + 36 = √72 = 6√2 units

2 2
AD = √(−3 − 0) + (−1 + 4)

2 2
= √(−3) + (3)

= √9 + 9 = √18 = 3√2 units

Thus, AB = DC and AD = BC
2 2
Diag. AC = √(3 − 0) + (5 + 4)

2 2
= √(3) + (9)

= √9 + 81

= √90 = 3√10 units

2 2
Diag. BD = √(−3 − 6) + (−1 − 2)

2 2
= √(−9) + (−3)

= √81 + 9

= √90 = 3√10 units

Thus, ABCD is a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are equal and the diagonals are equal.
Hence, quad. ABCD is a rectangle.
Q29. Show that the points A(3, 1), B(0, -2), C(1, 1) and D(4, 4) are the vertices of a parallelogram ABCD. 4 Marks

Ans: Let A(3, 1), B(0, -2), C(1, 1) and D(4, 4) be the vertices of quadrilateral join AC, BD. AC and BD, intersect other at the point O.

We know that the diagonal of a parallelogram bisect each other.

Therefore, O is mid-point of AC as well as that of BD.
Now mid-point of AC is (
3+1 1+1
, )i.e, (2, 1)
2 2
And mid-point of BD is (
0+4 −2+4
, )i.e, (2, 1)
2 2

Mid-point of AC is the same as mid-point of BD.

Hence, A, B, C, D are the vertices of a parallelogram ABCD.
Q30. Prove that the points (3, 0), (4, 5), (-1, 4) and (-2, -1), taken in order, form a rhombus. Also, find its area. 3 Marks

Ans:

Let the given vertices be A(3, 0), B(4, 5), C(-1, 4) and D(-2, -1).
Length of AB = √(4 − 3) + (5 − 0) 2 2

= √1 + 25 = √26

Length of BC = √(−1 − 4) 2
+ (4 − 5)
2

= √25 + 1 = √26

Length of CD = √(−2 + 1) 2
+ (−1 − 4)
2

= √1 + 25 = √26

Length of DA = √(3 + 2) 2
+ (0 + 1)
2

= √25 + 1 = √26

2
Length of diagonal AC = √[3 − (−1)] + (0 − 4) ]
2

= √16 + 16 = 4√2

2 2

Length of diagonal BD = √[4 − (−2)] + [5 − (−1)]

= √36 + 36 = 6√2

Here all sides of the quadrilateral ABCD are off same lengths but the diagonals are of different lengths.
So, ABCD is a rhombus.
Therefore area of rhombus ABCD = × 4√2 × 6√2 1

= 24 square units.
Q31. Show that the points A(3, 0), B(6, 4) and C(-1, 3) are the vertices of an isosceles right triangle. 3 Marks

Ans: Given: A(3, 0), B(6, 4) and C(-1, 3)

Now,
2 2 2 2
AB = √(6 − 3) + (4 − 0) = √(3) + (4)

= √9 + 16 = √25 = 5 units

2 2 2 2
BC = √(−1 − 6) + (3 − 4) = √(−7) + (−1)

= √49 + 1 = √50 = √50 units

2 2 2 2
AC = √(−1 − 3) + (3 − 0) = √(−4) + (3)

= √16 + 9 = √25 = 5 units

We find that AB = AC = 5 units

∴ △ABC is an isosceles treangle.

And,
2 2
= AB + AC
2 2
= 5 + 5

= 25 + 25 = 50
2 2
BC = (√50) = 50
2 2 2
⇒ AB + AC = BC

This shows that △ABC is righta-angled at B.

Hence, the geven points are the vertices of an isosceles right triangle.
Q32. Prove that the points A(1, 7), B(4, 2), C(-1, -1) D(-4, 4) are the vertices of a square. 3 Marks

Ans: Vertices A(1, 7), B(4, 2), C(-1,-1), D(-4, 4)

If these are the vertices of a square, then its diagonals and sides are equal
2 2
∴ AC = √(1 + 1) + (7 + 1)

2 2
= √2 + 8 = √4 + 64 = √68

2 2
BD = √(4 + 4) + (2 − 4)

2 2
= √(8) + (−2) = √64 + 4 = √68

∴ AC = BD
Now, AB = √(1 − 4) 2
+ (7 − 2)
2

2 2
= √(−3) + (5) = √9 + 25 = √34

2 2
BC = √(4 + 1) + (2 + 1)

2 2
= √(5) + (3) = √25 + 9 = √34

2 2
CD = √(−1 + 4) + (−1 − 4)

2 2
= √(3) + (−5) = √9 + 25 = √34

and DA = √(1 + 4) 2
+ (7 − 4)
2

2 2
= √(5) + (3) = √25 + 9 = √34

∴ AB = BC = CD = DA and AC = BD
∴ The figure is a square.

Q33. Show that the points (-3, 2), (-5, -5), (2, -3) and (4, 4) are the vertices of a rhombus. Find the area of this rhombus. 3 Marks

Ans: A(-3, 2), B(-5, -5), C(2, -3) and D(4, 4) be the given points.
2 2
AB = √(−5 + 3) + (−5 − 2)

2 2
⇒ AB = √(2) + (−7)

⇒ AB = √4 + 49

⇒ AB = √53

2 2
BC = √(2 + 5) + (−3 + 5)

2 2
⇒ BC = √(7) + (2)

⇒ BC = √49 + 4

⇒ BC = √53

2 2
CD = √(4 − 2) + (4 + 3)

2 2
⇒ CD = √(2) + (7)

⇒ CD = √4 + 49

⇒ CD = √53

2 2
AD = √(4 + 3) + (4 − 2)

2 2
⇒ AD = √(7) + (2)

⇒ AD = √49 + 4

⇒ AD = √53

2 2
AC = √(2 + 3) + (−3 − 2)

2 2
⇒ AC = √(5) + (−5)

⇒ AC = √25 + 25

⇒ AC = √50

2 2
BD = √(4 + 5) + (4 + 5)

2 2
⇒ BD = √(9) + (9)

⇒ BD = √81 + 81

⇒ BD = √162

Since, AB = BC = CD = AD and diagonals AC ≠ BD

∴ ABCD is a rhombus,

Area of rhombus ABCD = × AC × BD

1

2
1
= × √50 × √162
2
1
= × 90
2

= 45 sq. units

Q34. If the points (-2, -1), (1, 0), (x, 3) and (1, y) form a parallelogram, find the values of x and y. 5 Marks

Ans: The given points are A(-2, -1), B(1, 0), C(x, 3) and D(1, y).
We know that the diagonals of a prallelogram bisect each other. Therefore, the coordinates of the mid-point of AC are same as
the coordinates of the mid-point of BD.
Let P(xm, ym) be the mid-point of AC and BD.
−2+x −1+3 −2+x
P(xm , y ) = ( , ) = ( , 1)
m 2 2 2

1+1 0+y y
P(xm , y ) = ( , ) = (1, )
m 2 2 2

∵ diagonals of parallelogram bisect each other,

−2+x y
∴ ( , 1) = (1, )
2 2

Equating the individual components, we have,

= 1 and 1 =
−2+x y
⇒
2 2

⇒ -2 + x = 2 and y = 2
⇒ x = 4 and y = 2
Hence, the value of x and y are 4 and 2.
Q35. An equilateral triangle has two vertices at the points (3, 4) and (-2, 3), find the coordinates of the third vertex. 4 Marks

Ans: Let two vertices of an equilateral triangle are A(3, 4), and B(-2, 3) and let the third vertex be C(x, y).

Now, AB = √(x 2 − x1 )
2
+ (y
2
− y )
1
2

2 2 2 2
= √(−2 − 3) + (3 − 4) = √(−5) + (−1)

√25 + 1 = √26

2 2
BC = √(x + 2) + (y − 3)

and, CA = √(3 − x) + (4 − y) 2 2

∵ The triangle is an equilateral triangle.

∴ AB = BC = CA

∵ BC = AB

2 2
∴ √(x + 2) + (y − 3) = √26

⇒ (x + 2)2 + (y - 3)2 = 26 (Squaring)

⇒ x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 - 6y + 9 = 26
⇒ x2 + y2 + 4x - 6y + 13 = 26
⇒ x2 + y2 + 4x - 6y = 26 - 13 = 13 .....(i)
Again CA = AB
 2 2
∴ √(3 − x) + (4 − y) = √26

Squaring,
(3 - x)2 + (4 - y)2 = 26
⇒ 9 + x2 - 6x + 16 + y2 - 8y = 26
⇒ x2 + y2 - 6x - 8y + 25 = 26
⇒ x2 + y2 - 6x - 8y = 26 - 25 = 1 ......(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i)
10x + 2y = 12 ⇒ 5x + y = 6 ......(iii)
y = 6 - 5x
Subtracting in (i)
x2 + (6 - 5x)2 + 4x - 6(6 - 5x) = 13
⇒ x2 + 36 + 25x2 - 60x + 4x - 36 + 30x - 13 = 0
⇒ 26x2 - 26x - 13 = 0
⇒ 2x2 - 2x - 1 = 0
Here a = 2, b = -2, C = -1
2
−b±√b −4ac
∴ x =
2a
2
−(−2)±√(−2) −4×2×(−1)
=
2×2

2±√4+8
=
4

2±√12
=
4

2±√4×3
=
4

2±2√3 1±√3
= =
4 2

and
1+√3 1−√3
x =
2 2

1+√3
If x = 2
, then
y = 6 − 5x

5(1+√3)
= 6 −
2

12−5−5√3 7−5√3
= =
2 2

1−√3
and if x = 2
, then
y = 6 − 5x

5(1−√3)
= 6 −
2

12−5+5√3 7+5√3
= =
2 2

Hence co-ordinates of the point will be

or (
1+√3 7−5√3 1−√3 7+5√3
( , ) , ).
2 2 2 2

Q36. The four vertices of a quadrilateral are (1, 2), (-5, 6), (7, -4) and (k, -2) taken in order. If the area of the quadrilateral is zero, find 4 Marks
the value of k.

Ans:

Let A(1, 2), B(-5, 6), C(7, -4) and D(k, -2) be the given points.
Area of △ABC
1
= [1(6 + 4) + (−5)(−4 − 2) + 7(2 − 6)]
2
1
= [10 + 30 − 28]
2
1
= × 12
2
= 6

Area of △ADC
1
= [1(−4 + 2) + 7(−2 − 2) + k(2 + 4)]
2
1
= [−2 + 7 × (−4) + k × 6]
2
1
= [−2 − 28 + 6k]
2
1
= [−30 + 6k]
2

= −15 + 3k

= 3k − 15

Area of quadrilateral ABCD

= Area of ABC + Area of ADC
= (6 + 3k - 15)
But area of quadrilateral = 0 (given)
∴ 6 + 3k - 15 = 0

⇒ 3k = 15 - 6
⇒ 3k = 9
⇒k=3
Q37. If A(-1, 3), B(1, -1) and C(5, 1) are the vertices of a triangle ABC, find the length of the median through A. 4 Marks

Ans: Let D, E, F be the mid-points of sides BC, CA and AB respectively.

The coordinates of the mid-point (xm, ym) between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by.
x1 +x2 y +y
1 2
(xm , y ) = ( , )
m 2 2

Then, the coordinates of D, E and F are,

1+5 −1+1
D( , ) = D(3,0)
2 2

−1+5 3+1
E( , ) = E(2, 2)
2 2

−1+1 3−1
F( , ) = F(0, 1)
2 2

length of median AD is,

2 2
AD = √(3 − (−1)) + (0 − 3)

= √16 + 9

= √25

= 5 units

Q38. Find the value of k, if the point P(0, 2) is equidistant from (3, k) and (k, 5). 4 Marks

Ans: Let the point P(0, 2) is equidistant from A(3, k) and (k, 5)
PA = PB
PA2 = PB2
(3 - 0)2 + (k - 2)2 = (k - 0)2 + (5 - 2)2
⇒ 9 + k2 + 4 - 4k = k2 + 9
⇒ 9 + k2 + 4 - 4k - k2 - 9 = 0
⇒ 4 - 4k = 0
⇒ -4k = -4
⇒k=1
Q39. Show that the points A(1, -2), B(3, 6), C(5, 10) and D(3, 2) are the vertices of a parallelogram. 4 Marks
Ans: Let A(1, -2), B(3, 6), C(5, 10) , D(3, 2) be the given points,
2 2
AB = √(3 − 1) + (6 + 2)

2 2
⇒ AB = √(2) + (8)

⇒ AB = √4 + 64

⇒ AB = √68

2 2
CD = √(5 − 3) + (10 − 2)

2 2
⇒ CD = √(2) + (8)

⇒ CD = √4 + 64

⇒ CD = √68

2 2
AD = √(3 − 1) + (2 + 2)

2 2
⇒ AD = √(2) + (4)

⇒ AD = √4 + 16

⇒ AD = √20

2 2
BC = √(5 − 3) + (10 − 6)

2 2
⇒ BC = √(2) + (4)

⇒ BC = √4 + 16

⇒ BC = √20

∴AB = CD and AD = BC
Since opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal.
Hence, ABCD is a parallelogram.
Q40. Name the quadrilateral formed, if any, by the following points, and given reason for your answers: 4 Marks
A(-3, 5), B(3, 1), C(0, 3), D(-1, -4).

Ans: Points are A(-3, 5), B(3, 1), C(0, 3), D(-1, -4)
Now, AB = √(x − x ) + (y − y )
2 1
2
2 1
2

AB2 = (x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2

= (3 + 3)2 + (1 - 5)2 = (6)2 + (-4)2
= 36 + 16 = 52
Similarly, BC2 = (0 - 3)2 + (3 - 1)2
= (-3)2 + (2)2
= 9 + 4 = 13
CD2 = (-1 - 0)2 + (-4 - 3)2 = (-1)2 + (-7)2
= 1 + 49 = 50
DA2 = (-3 + 1)2 + (5 + 4)2 = (-2)2 + (9)2
= 4 + 81 = 85
Diagonal AC2 = (0 + 3)2 + (3 - 5)2 = (3)2 + (-2)2
= 9 + 4 = 13
∴ In △ABC

AB = √52, AC = √13, BC = √13

∵ AC + BC = √13 + √13 = 2√13

= √4 × 13 = √52

∵ AC + BC = AB
∴ △ABC is not possible.

Hence ABCD is not a quadrilateral.