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Reliability & Validity

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Bebu Singh
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13 views31 pages

Reliability & Validity

Ur welcome

Uploaded by

Bebu Singh
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Fist Ginnspuction 21 values, etc, of the persons. Neuropsychological tests are the ich are-used in the Rent of persons with known or suspected brain dysfunctioning, Achievement tests assess persons have acquired in the given area as a function of some training or learning, basis of the criterion of standardization ‘also classified on the basis of standardization. Based upon this criterion, tests are ied into standardized tests and teacher-made tests. Standardized tess are those which have fubjected to the procedure of standardization. However, the meaning of the term ization’ is controversial and includes atleast the following conditions: he first condition for standardization is that there must be a standard manner of giving Muctions so that uniformity can be maintained in the evaluation of all those who take the tes. f) The second condition for standardization is that there must be uniformity of scoring and ax of fairness of correct answer through the procedure of item analysis should be available. he third condition is that reliability and validity ofthe test must be established and the Js for whom the tests intended should be explicitly mentioned he fourth condition, a controversial one, is that a standardized test should [Link]. according to Cronbach (1970:27) a test even without noims may be called a ized test. But the majority of psychologists favour the idea thata standardized test should rms as wel ‘way of summarizing the meaning ofa standardized tes, it can be said that standardized SE constructed by test. specialists, are standardized in the sense that they have-been Btered and scored under standard. and. uniforin testing. conditions so thot the resulls d from different samples may legitimately be compared. Items of standardized tests are 1d not modifiable. pT her-made tests are those that are constructed by teachers for use lar thin the joms. The effectiveness of such tests depends upon the skill_of the teacher ge of test construction. lems may come from any area of curriculum and they may be ed according to the will of the teacher. Rules (oc ciao and scaring are determing eacher, Such tests are largely evaluated by the ‘themselves and no par however, they may be developed by the teacherforhis own lass it of objectivity i.e, it must be fee from the subjective element so that complete interpersonal agreement among experts regarding the: meaning of the items and fol the test. Obviously, objectivity, here, relates 10 two aspects ofthe test-abjectivity of and objectivity of the scoring system. By Objectivity of items is meant thal the jens Ibe ph anner that they are interpreted in € bya those im, items must have uniformity of ord of iy ther ascending or descending orden. By objectiy ofscoriny is meant at the test should be a standard one so that complete uniformity. can be For ensuring object ; aihodds tt Bichet nonral Sciences easements and Research Me 22 Tess, Meas : tion of the test. i sho ning, / refers to self-correlation © Wty, plan’ oe mustaso be reliable, Read eects administered © ormore i The fist SeP towhich the results 0 le time gap. Consistency in results. cbtainey jn. species ‘on the same sample with a ees consistency of the test and consistency in resus i be aes 4 administration the index of ern poral consistency. Reliability, thus, ine sae able engi 2nd. “apon testing and Tees a al conssiency. Fora test to be called sound:i nt aces plannine infernal consistence cates the extent to which the scores obtained inthe tx aq oa tarach nal detect of standardization which are likely to produce eros of meas 3 5 from such intemal defects of ying oe iit The secon is lity tent to which gs3:15), an item is: Tidty is another prerequisite fora test to be sound. Validity indicates the e: ich (1953215) 0 ET aes ed with some outside independent crs genalier uni measures what it intends to measure, when compar ude ndevende ci epalec Inotherwords, tis the correlation ofthe test with some outside criterion. f prepat detailed at he wri a : index of traitor ability being meas, bjective test, fn ident one and should be regarded as the best inde rtechokc i Piece validity ofthe test is dependent upon the reliability. because ale ic item, a ae we results (poor reliability) is ordinarily not expected to correlate with some css Depend inconsistent resus ooo: elabiliy) ordinal rot exp Toring ie independent criterion os ee and ingenuity. How 7/4 test must also be guided by certain norms. Norms refer to the average performanced yrter wants towrite Tepresetative Sample ona given test. There are four common types of norms —age norms

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